I get this error:
Can't locate Foo.pm in #INC
Is there an easier way to install it than downloading, untarring, making, etc?
On Unix:
usually you start cpan in your shell:
$ cpan
and type
install Chocolate::Belgian
or in short form:
cpan Chocolate::Belgian
On Windows:
If you're using ActivePerl on Windows, the PPM (Perl Package Manager) has much of the same functionality as CPAN.pm.
Example:
$ ppm
ppm> search net-smtp
ppm> install Net-SMTP-Multipart
see How do I install Perl modules? in the CPAN FAQ
Many distributions ship a lot of perl modules as packages.
Debian/Ubuntu: apt-cache search 'perl$'
Arch Linux: pacman -Ss '^perl-'
Gentoo: category dev-perl
You should always prefer them as you benefit from automatic (security) updates and the ease of removal. This can be pretty tricky with the cpan tool itself.
For Gentoo there's a nice tool called g-cpan which builds/installs the module from CPAN and creates a Gentoo package (ebuild) for you.
Try App::cpanminus:
# cpanm Chocolate::Belgian
It's great for just getting stuff installed. It provides none of the more complex functionality of CPAN or CPANPLUS, so it's easy to use, provided you know which module you want to install. If you haven't already got cpanminus, just type:
# cpan App::cpanminus
to install it.
It is also possible to install it without using cpan at all. The basic bootstrap procedure is,
curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus
For more information go to the App::cpanminus page and look at the section on installation.
I note some folks suggesting one run cpan under sudo. That used to be necessary to install into the system directory, but modern versions of the CPAN shell allow you to configure it to use sudo just for installing. This is much safer, since it means that tests don't run as root.
If you have an old CPAN shell, simply install the new cpan ("install CPAN") and when you reload the shell, it should prompt you to configure these new directives.
Nowadays, when I'm on a system with an old CPAN, the first thing I do is update the shell and set it up to do this so I can do most of my cpan work as a normal user.
Also, I'd strongly suggest that Windows users investigate strawberry Perl. This is a version of Perl that comes packaged with a pre-configured CPAN shell as well as a compiler. It also includes some hard-to-compile Perl modules with their external C library dependencies, notably XML::Parser. This means that you can do the same thing as every other Perl user when it comes to installing modules, and things tend to "just work" a lot more often.
If you're on Ubuntu and you want to install the pre-packaged perl module (for example, geo::ipfree) try this:
$ apt-cache search perl geo::ipfree
libgeo-ipfree-perl - A look up country of ip address Perl module
$ sudo apt-get install libgeo-ipfree-perl
A couple of people mentioned the cpan utility, but it's more than just starting a shell. Just give it the modules that you want to install and let it do it's work.
$prompt> cpan Foo::Bar
If you don't give it any arguments it starts the CPAN.pm shell. This works on Unix, Mac, and should be just fine on Windows (especially Strawberry Perl).
There are several other things that you can do with the cpan tool as well. Here's a summary of the current features (which might be newer than the one that comes with CPAN.pm and perl):
-a
Creates the CPAN.pm autobundle with CPAN::Shell->autobundle.
-A module [ module ... ]
Shows the primary maintainers for the specified modules
-C module [ module ... ]
Show the Changes files for the specified modules
-D module [ module ... ]
Show the module details. This prints one line for each out-of-date module (meaning,
modules locally installed but have newer versions on CPAN). Each line has three columns:
module name, local version, and CPAN version.
-L author [ author ... ]
List the modules by the specified authors.
-h
Prints a help message.
-O
Show the out-of-date modules.
-r
Recompiles dynamically loaded modules with CPAN::Shell->recompile.
-v
Print the script version and CPAN.pm version.
sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Foo'
Also see Yes, even you can use CPAN. It shows how you can use CPAN without having root or sudo access.
Otto made a good suggestion. This works for Debian too, as well as any other Debian derivative. The missing piece is what to do when apt-cache search doesn't find something.
$ sudo apt-get install dh-make-perl build-essential apt-file
$ sudo apt-file update
Then whenever you have a random module you wish to install:
$ cd ~/some/path
$ dh-make-perl --build --cpan Some::Random::Module
$ sudo dpkg -i libsome-random-module-perl-0.01-1_i386.deb
This will give you a deb package that you can install to get Some::Random::Module. One of the big benefits here is man pages and sample scripts in addition to the module itself will be placed in your distro's location of choice. If the distro ever comes out with an official package for a newer version of Some::Random::Module, it will automatically be installed when you apt-get upgrade.
Already answered and accepted answer - but anyway:
IMHO the easiest way installing CPAN modules (on unix like systems, and have no idea about the wondows) is:
curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus
The above is installing the "zero configuration CPAN modules installer" called cpanm. (Can take several minutes to install - don't break the process)
and after - simply:
cpanm Foo
cpanm Module::One
cpanm Another::Module
Many times it does happen that cpan install command fails with the message like
"make test had returned bad status, won't install without force"
In that case following is the way to install the module:
perl -MCPAN -e "CPAN::Shell->force(qw(install Foo::Bar));"
Lots of recommendation for CPAN.pm, which is great, but if you're using Perl 5.10 then you've also got access to CPANPLUS.pm which is like CPAN.pm but better.
And, of course, it's available on CPAN for people still using older versions of Perl. Why not try:
$ cpan CPANPLUS
Use cpan command as cpan Modulename
$ cpan HTML::Parser
To install dependencies automatically follow the below
$ perl -MCPAN -e shell
cpan[1]> o conf prerequisites_policy follow
cpan[2]> o conf commit
exit
I prefer App::cpanminus, it installs dependencies automatically. Just do
$ cpanm HTML::Parser
On ubuntu most perl modules are already packaged, so installing is much faster than most other systems which have to compile.
To install Foo::Bar at a commmand prompt for example usually you just do:
sudo apt-get install libfoo-bar-perl
Sadly not all modules follow that naming convention.
On Fedora Linux or Enterprise Linux, yum also tracks perl library dependencies. So, if the perl module is available, and some rpm package exports that dependency, it will install the right package for you.
yum install 'perl(Chocolate::Belgian)'
(most likely perl-Chocolate-Belgian package, or even ChocolateFactory package)
Even it should work:
cpan -i module_name
2 ways that I know of :
USING PPM :
With Windows (ActivePerl) I've used ppm
from the command line type ppm. At the ppm prompt ...
ppm> install foo
or
ppm> search foo
to get a list of foo modules available. Type help for all the commands
USING CPAN :
you can also use CPAN like this (*nix systems) :
perl -MCPAN -e 'shell'
gets you a prompt
cpan>
at the prompt ...
cpan> install foo (again to install the foo module)
type h to get a list of commands for cpan
On Fedora you can use
# yum install foo
as long as Fedora has an existing package for the module.
Easiest way for me is this:
PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 perl -MCPAN -e 'install DateTime::TimeZone'
a) automatic recursive dependency detection/resolving/installing
b) it's a shell onliner, good for setup-scripts
If you want to put the new module into a custom location that your cpan shell isn't configured to use, then perhaps, the following will be handy.
#wget <URL to the module.tgz>
##unpack
perl Build.PL
./Build destdir=$HOME install_base=$HOME
./Build destdir=$HOME install_base=$HOME install
Sometimes you can use the yum search foo to search the relative perl module, then use yum install xxx to install.
Secure solution
Many answers mention the use of the cpan utility (which uses CPAN.pm) without a word on security. By default, CPAN 2.27 and earlier configures urllist to use a http URL (namely, http://www.cpan.org/), which allows MITM attacks, thus is insecure. This is what is used to download the CHECKSUMS files, so that it needs to be changed to a secure URL (e.g. https://www.cpan.org/).
So, after running cpan and accepting the default configuration, you need to modify the generated MyConfig.pm file (the full path is output) in the following way. Replace
'urllist' => [q[http://www.cpan.org/]],
by
'urllist' => [q[https://www.cpan.org/]],
Note: https is not sufficient; you also need a web site you can trust. So, be careful if you want to choose some arbitrary mirror.
Then you can use cpan in the usual way.
My bug report on rt.cpan.org about the insecure URL.
Simply executing cpan Foo::Bar on shell would serve the purpose.
Seems like you've already got your answer but I figured I'd chime in. This is what I do in some scripts on an Ubuntu (or debian server)
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
#I've gotten into the habit of setting this on all my scripts, prevents weird path issues if the script is not being run by root
$ENV{'PATH'} = '/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin';
#Fill this with the perl modules required for your project
my #perl = qw(LWP::Simple XML::LibXML MIME::Lite DBI DateTime Config::Tiny Proc::ProcessTable);
chomp(my $curl = `which curl`);
if(!$curl){ system('apt-get install curl -y > /dev/null'); }
chomp(my $cpanm = system('/bin/bash', '-c', 'which cpanm &>/dev/null'));
#installs cpanm if missing
if($cpanm){ system('curl -s -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus'); }
#loops through required modules and installs them if missing
foreach my $x (#perl){
eval "use $x";
if($#){
system("cpanm $x");
eval "use $x";
}
}
This works well for me, maybe there is something here you can use.
On Windows with the ActiveState distribution of Perl, use the ppm command.
I copied the commands (from these instructions: http://www.shogun-toolbox.org/install#ubuntu) into the terminal and they seem to have worked, but there is no documentation on how to make Octave find the libraries. I have tried modshogun and init_shogun but Octave cannot find them. I do have the libraries in usr/lib, and I have put that directory on PATH. I have even set usr/lib as my working directory in Octave and that did not help. As far as I have found, there is no Shogun documentation on what to do at this point.
I have also tried compiling Shogun from source, but configure couldn't find GCC. Apparently, this is a known problem with newer versions of GCC. I decided to ask for help with the former method because at least I have the libraries with that.
Edit: I am following the instructions here http://www.shogun-toolbox.org/install#manual-basics
When i do cd build and then "cmake -DINTERFACE_OCTAVE=ON" it tells me there is no cmakelists.txt. There is one in in the above folder, but when I go to that directory and do "cmake -DINTERFACE_OCTAVE=ON" again, it tells me "Shogun can only be built with GPL codes if the source files are in /home/derose/shogun/src/shogun/src/gpl. Please download or disable with LICENSE_GPL_SHOGUN=OFF."
However, when I add -LICENSE_GPL_SHOGUN=OFF as an option, i get the error "CMake Error: The source directory "/home/derose/shogun/src/shogun/-LICENSE_GPL_SHOGUN=OFF" does not exist."
You've linked to the Ubuntu install instructions. From there
These currently do contain the C++ library and Python bindings..
No word that this would include the GNU Octave binding. See below on the same page:
The native C++ interface is always included. The cmake options for building interfaces are -DINTERFACE_PYTHON=ON -DINTERFACE_R .. etc. For example, replace the cmake step above by cmake -DINTERFACE_PYTHON=ON...
So you have to grab the source and fire up cmake with something like -DINTERFACE_OCTAVE=ON
Steps to build the bleeding edge of shogun (the github repo) and the Octave interface:
git clone https://github.com/shogun-toolbox/shogun && cd shogun
git submodule update --init
mkdir build && cd build
cmake .. -DINTERFACE_OCTAVE=ON
make -j4
Similarly to this question ("How can I automatically rebuild a package with a different compiler?" on askubuntu.com), I would like to know how can I automate fetching source and compilation of a C program using Fedora build scripts using a specific, non-default compiler - in my case afl-gcc. I would definitely welcome an example of the pv program, but I would like the solution to work for other packages, like libreoffice as well, with minimal modifications. I would like to achieve something similar to aflize (which is for Debian only right now). I have heard of mock and it would be best if I could use it for that.
I do not know to do it automatically, but manually:
Prepare build environnement
$ rpmdev-setuptree
Download corresonding srpms
$ yumdownloader --source foo
Extract files from SRPMS
$ rpm -i foo*.src.rpm
Replace the compiler used
$ sed -i 's/make all/make CC=afl-gcc all/g' ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/foo.spec
setting CC var your corresponding compiler will do the jobs.
If you use cmake take a look to CMAKE_C_COMPILER
Rebuild
$ cd ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/
$ rpmbuild -ba foo.spec
Generated rpm files are located into ~/rpmbuild/RPMS
I'm working with a project that [used to] support both Autotools and Cmake. In the past, I would:
cd project/build
...
../llvm/configure --enable-optimized --enable-cxx11 $OTHER_OPTIONS --prefix=/usr/local
make -j2
sudo make install
The project has kind of abandoned it support for Autotools, so I have to use Cmake now. Using Cmake to configure seems like it should be relatively easy.
Unfortunately, Mac OS X lacks man pages for Cmake, so I can't RTFM. And the search hits I am finding discuss how to build Cmake packages (and other stuff package maintainers would do), and not how to use it as a dumb project user.
I tried to simply use Cmake in place of Configure, but it did not work:
$ cd project/build
$ OTHER_OPTIONS=" --enable-libcpp"; cmake ../llvm --enable-optimized --enable-cxx11 "$OTHER_OPTIONS" --prefix=/usr/local
CMake Error: The source directory ".../clang-3.6/build/--prefix=/usr/local" does not exist.
Why is Cmake treating a configuration option like a directory (--prefix=/usr/local)?
How do I configure and build a project that uses Cmake as a dumb project user?
You're trying to configure a CMake project like it was autotools. The syntax of the command is;
cmake -Doptions -Dmore_options src_dir
src directory is the last argument, which is why it treats --prefix that way. You will need to know the name of the parameters available to you though. If you're new to CMake, your best bet is to run, either the Qt gui or the curses gui ( ccmake /path/to/src while your in the build directory ). Those gui tools will let you pick your options, configure then generate. Then all you need is to type make ....
Note
cmake --help
does provide info even if your man pages aren't installed. Also, if you have access to google and the internet, searching "cmake man page" should give you access the your missing man pages.
I downloaded html-xml-utils-6.5.tar.gz and started compiling hxselect.c with mingw. I need a makefile, but the package is designed to generate the makefile. The build instructions are in a configure script, config.h.in file and makefile.in.
Is there a mingw-compatible tool to help generate the makefile? I am considering making a linux machine so I can run the configuration to get the generic makefile, and then bring that back for mingw to start chewing on...
Is there an easier way?
Thanks !
Assuming you've downloaded and installed mingw from [1], launch the MinGW Shell
from the start menu and then cd to directory containing the configure script and proceed as you typically do with autotools based projects:
./configure
make
make install
The purpose of MinGW is in fact to make available to Windows a minimalistic GNU environment (meaning shell and other tools) which allow you to work (mostly) as you would in an operating system with a full-fledged GNU userland (such as GNU/Linux). Occasionally it seems that MinGW is used to denote the windows port of the gcc compiler, but it should be empathized that MinGW actually denotes the Windows port of a (minimalistic) GNU environment.
[1] http://www.mingw.org/