Ownerless margin above <h1> tag - html

I have a <div> with an <h1> tag in it (at the moment that is the only thing. I am building this site top-down). I am getting a very large space above the title. When drilling down with firebug, the space is not included in the <body> or the <div>, but is a margin above the <h1> tag. Shouldn't the whole tag, margin and all, be surrounded by the parent container? is there any way to do this? At the moment that space is completely unstyleable, not belonging to any container.
For example:
<html style="background:green">
<head>
</head>
<body style="background:blue">
<div style="background:red">
<h1 style="background:yellow">Hello world!</h1>
</div>
</body>
</html>
You can clearly see when displaying this that neither the <body> nor the <div> surround that margin.

you can try this code cause h1 has a default margin
h1{margin:0;}

I found a similar question here, and following the links a found the answer at these sites:
http://blog.siteroller.net/collapsed-margins-and-free-margins
http://complexspiral.com/publications/uncollapsing-margins/
http://reference.sitepoint.com/css/collapsingmargins
Basically, it has to do with collapsing margins. To solve the problem I had to add a 1px padding to the container.

If you're running into trouble with margin and padding from nowhere, you might want to try using a CSS Reset.
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
The above reset usually works for me.

Using
line-height: 0.65em; //tends to reduce or eliminate this over-lapping margin issue.

Related

Weird behaviour with strong tag within a height-defined element in HTML

Don't know if it has a normal explanation or if it is some kind of extrange behaviour, but i have faced the next issue in HTML:
I have the following paragraph:
<p>
You have <strong>32</strong> items
</p>
Nothing so special and works fine.
(Result: You have 32 items)
But if i add the following style:
<p>
You have <strong>32</strong> items
</p>
<p style="height:20%;">
You have <strong>32</strong> items
</p>
The number in "strong" looses the spaces before and after it.
(Result: You have32items)
Why is it?
P.D: It behaves the same with "b" tag.
More info:
I'm testing in Chrome and Firefox with a IIS server (both fails).
I couldn't reproduce it in Fiddle, so it could be something that i'm missing in my code...
More info:
here is the complete scss:
$header_height: 10%;
$footer_height: 20%;
$body_height: 100% - ($header_height+$footer_height);
$container_frame_padding: 0.5em;
html{
height:100%;
body.vcAllowOverflowContent{
height:100% !important;
.vcPopupContainer{
height:100%;
.vcPopupTitle{
height:$header_height;
display:flex;
justify-content:center;
font-size:$bigger_font_size;
padding:$container_frame_padding;
}
.vcPopupBody{
height:$body_height;
border: solid black 1px;
overflow:auto;
padding:$container_frame_padding;
}
.vcPopupFooter{
height:$footer_height;
}
}
}
}
and here a more complete html:
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
<title>MutipleDelete</title>
#Styles.Render("~/Content/Bootstrap")
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="~/Content/vcPopups.min.css" />
</head>
<body class="vcAllowOverflowContent">
<div class="vcPopupContainer">
<p class="vcPopupTitle">
¿Desea borrar estos <strong>#Model.Count</strong> pacientes?
</p>
<div class="vcPopupBody">
...
</div>
<div class="vcPopupFooter">
...
</div>
#Scripts.Render("~/Scripts/Jquery")
#Scripts.Render("~/Scripts/Bootstrap")
</div>
</body>
</html>
As you can see i'm using Bootstrap and Razor.
If i remove the "vcPopupTitle" class, the paragraph behaves normally.
It's strongly recommended (since HTML 5) that, if possible (even if not), use span class="foo" and then apply font-weight:bold; to this class, instead using html tags for text formatting.
And you cannot set width of text on %, must use px, em or rem, see the example below:
p{font-size:1.2rem;}
p.ps{font-size:1.6rem;}
span.foo{font-weight:bold;}
div.container{height:86px; overflow:auto; border:0.1rem solid black;}
.section1{height:40%; border:0.3rem solid blue;}
.section2{height:60%; border:0.3rem solid red;}
<div class="container">
<div class="section1">
<p>
You have <strong>32</strong> items
</p>
</div>
<div class="section2">
<p class="ps">
You have <span class="foo">32</span> items
</p>
</div>
</div>
Take care about tag default properties and for which job are each one.
P tag is a paragraph and cannot take height property "as is". it will take 100% of the container on width, and the height it need. If you want to limit the height of a p tag, you have to limit the container of this p instead force limit to self P tag.
Note that if you try to force a container to a height and the content overflow its parent container, it will not take visible effect due to font-size (on this case) so you'll need to use another font size (and better specify it as rem, that means realtive em).
Ok, problem solved.
It has to be with the "display: flex;" and "justify-content:center;" styles.
I was applying those styles to a "p" tag, so the elements within it (text and strong) aligned to the center and spaces between them were removed.
Solution:
<div class="vcPopupTitle">
<p>
You have <strong>32</strong> items
</p>
</div>
Now the "flex" display will work on the paragraph and not on its elements.

HTML padding-left not working for div

I'm creating a very simple webpage. It has a div tag with a single paragraph containing some text.
<HTML>
<Head>....</Head>
<Body>
<div id="titlebox">
<p>First Heading</p>
</div>
</Body>
Here is a the CSS style for the div:
div#titlebox {background-color:#f2f2f2;
padding-top:2px;
padding-bottom:2px;
padding-left:2px; }
Snippet:
div#titlebox {
background-color: #f2f2f2;
padding-top: 2px;
padding-bottom: 2px;
padding-left: 2px;
}
<HTML>
<Head>....</Head>
<Body>
<div id="titlebox">
<p>First Heading</p>
</div>
</Body>
</HTML>
The text appears correctly, background color is also fine, but regarding padding, only padding-top is applied while padding bottom and left are ignored. Any suggestions on what is wrong with this code? By the way I am new to HTML. I googled the issue, there was point regarding float, but that doesn't solve my problem.
Here's a solution you can try without using css
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<div align="left" style="padding-top: 20px;padding-left: 20px;padding-bottom: 20px;">
<p>First Heading</p>
</div>
</body>
Hello I wouldn't criticise you I see you are a beginner, that would just dis encourage you but normal syntax, html,head,body written in simple letters to avoid confusion of reading your own code later
follow this url:
Is it bad to use uppercase letters for html tags?
Your code works fine :)) I simply made padding bigger to make it more obvious
div#titlebox {
background-color: #f2f2f2;
padding-top: 2px;
padding-bottom: 2px;
padding-left: 100px;
}
<HTML>
<Head>....</Head>
<Body>
<div id="titlebox">
<p>First Heading</p>
</div>
</Body>
</HTML>
Your left and bottom padding is working but you probably can't see it because 2px is really small. Change it to 20px or something and you should see the padding.
Handy tool - if you are using Chrome, you can right-click on the element you want to inspect and select the Inspect tool to see all your padding and margins on a diagram.
--note-- depending on which browser you are using, there will be some default styles/padding/margin applied to certain elements already, in this case your paragraph tag already have some top and bottom padding

The "text-align: center" isn't working in a span element

I haven't done HTML and CSS for a while so I may be forgetting something, but for some reason a "style" tag with the "text-align" property set isn't working even in the simplest context. I'm about to show you the whole, entire file that I have but my problem is only in the two comments I have. Don't worry about the other stuff; it's for a little passion project I'm working on.
So here is the whole file. I have a lot of stuff in it that isn't relevant nor important; just focus on the code in the two comments.
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>JSON Generator</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="web_mod.css"></link>
</head>
<body bgColor="#E3E3E3">
<!--Start here-->
<span style="text-align: center">Coded by AnnualMelons</span><br>
<!--Finish here-->
<span style="color: red; background-color: #2CE65A">Use this generator to generate the code required to create a JSON message.<br>
Fill in the blanks to generate the code. The generator will guide you through it as you go along. Have fun!</span>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>
The "Coded by AnnualMelons" part is supposed to be in the center but it's not. At least for me it's not.
I know that the other part of the file isn't relevant but I figured I might as well show you as it may be an external problem.
I'm sure I'm just making a silly mistake because I haven't done this for a while, but it's not working... so yeah. I'm using Firefox as my web browser in case that helps.
Thanks!
The <span> Element is, by default, an "inline" element. Meaning unlike block level elements (<div> <h1> <p> etc.) the span only takes up as much horizontal space as its content.
text-align: center IS working, but you're applying it to an element that doesn't have a width greater than its content (as all block elements do).
I recommend either changing the span to a <p> element, or specifying the display: block property on your span.
Here's a JSfiddle to demonstrate that both a <span> with display: block; text-align: center and a <p> with text-align: center; achieve the same effect.
Hope that helps!
Use a p or div rather than a span. Text is an inline element and so is a span. For text-align to work, it must be used on a block level element (p, div, etc.) to center the inline content.
example:
<div style="text-align: center">Coded by AnnualMelons</div><br>
Use this in style
margin-left: 50%;
example-
<span style="margin-left: 45%;">Centered Text</span>
.span {
text-align: center;
width: -webkit-fill-available;
}
This Worked for me and the text inside my span tag is now aligned to the center.

CSS: How to override a class style with an enclosing div

I have a P element with style which I can't change.
I want to enclose it with a DIV to enforce a new font-size.
Why does the inner P ignore the div font-size?
Example:
<html>
<head>
<style>
.para1 { font-size:small; }
</style>
</head>
<div style="font-size:300% !important">
<p class="para1">I must have been asleep, for certainly if I had been fully awake I must have noticed the approach to such a remarkable place. In the gloom the courtyard looked of considerable size, and as several dark ways led from it under great round arches it perhaps seemed bigger than it really is. I have not yet been able to see it by daylight.</p>
</div>
</html>
You can set a class to the wrapping div, like I did here:
http://jsfiddle.net/3Zvrg/
HTML:
<div class="out_of_para1">
<p class="para1">
CSS:
.out_of_para1 p {font-size: 300%;}
EDIT: based on last comment from OP
I know you cant change the class but why cant you do this.
<div style="font-size:300% !important">
<p>I must have been asleep</p>
</div>
and not associate your "p" with any class??
Styles are only inherited if the value of the property is inherit. On the paragraph, the value of the property is small. Thus the font size of the div is 300% but the font size of the paragraph is small.
You have to explicitly set the font size on the paragraph element.
You could do this with a descendent selector in the stylesheet:
div .para1 {
font-size: 300%;
}

IE6 anchor wordwrapping (display:block, width:0)

Unfortunaly this site we're developing has to be IE6 compatible. It contains a horizontal block style menu, but there's still one more problem with IE6.
I have the following code:
<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
a {
display: block;
width: 0px;
background-color: red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
This is a anchor tag
</body>
</html>
Because of the spaces, it wraps every word on a new line. What do I need to do if I want it on a single line only?
Thanks!
Add this css on the a element:
white-space: nowrap
Have you tried popping your anchor into a span or div?
Well, don't set its width to 0 would be the cross-browser proper approach.
Use float: left instead, if you want the anchor to be displayed in block mode but not allocate 100% width.
When you use floats like that, you also need to make sure you clear them, to make them occupy space in their container:
<div>
<a ... />
<a ... />
<div style="clear: both;"></div>
</div>