Translate MySQL query - am I interpreting this correctly? - mysql

I am just trying to translate a section of a query:
...OR... AND Zip.id IN (SELECT plan_id FROM plans_zips
WHERE zip_id = (SELECT id FROM zips WHERE title = '" . $Zip . "'))
From what I can tell the query is saying this:
Get all Zip.ids (from zips table) and get plan_id (from plan_zips table)
WHERE zip_id (using plans_zips) = zip.id where the full zip (title) matches the var $Zip.

what you're suggesting is right.
For MySQL it's much more optimal to use joins in place of nested sub-queries like this. The optimizer will be unable to optimize sub-queries and they must be run with the deepest one first.

Not quite.
If you indent the SQL a bit, it will become clearer.
...OR... AND
Zip.id IN
(SELECT plan_id FROM plans_zips WHERE zip_id = //Get all the plan_ids where
(SELECT id FROM zips WHERE title = '" . $Zip . "'))//the zip_id is the value returned from this query.
I agree with James C though - joins are much better and easier to read

Related

DLookUp query to MySql

I am working on converting a legacy MS access system to a spring-boot application and I came across a big query. I am mostly done with converting the functions from access to mysql but not able to understand how to convert the following DLookUp sub-query as a mySql subquery
DLookUp("[price]","tbl_so","[so_id] = " & tbl_trade.so_id & " AND [product_id] = " & tbl_po.product_id
What I understood is following won't work as I don't have the Inner Joins set between the 3 tables, tbl_so, tbl_po, tbl_trade
SELECT tbl_so.price FROM tbl_so WHERE tbl_so.so_id = tbl_trade.so_id AND tbl_so.product_id = tbl_po.product_id
My question is how do I know how the tables will join with each other in this case and also when this DLookUp query is seldom used. And also the solution for this query.
Well, as a general rule, dlookup() can be replaced with a left join. However, you can also use a sub-query and they tend to be "less" change to the query.
So, if we had this:
SELECT id, partNum, dlookup("PartDescrt","tblParts","PartID = " & partNum)
as Description from tblOrders.
You would replace the above dlookup() with a sub-query like this:
SELECT id, partNum,
(select PartDescrt from tblParts where tblParts.PartID = tblOrders.PartNum)
AS Description
from tblOrders
The above is SQL or access sql syntax, but quite sure the same should work for MySQL.
If there is more then one partNumber that matches the above, then add a TOP 1, and a order by with some unique row (PK ID column is best). So the query becomes:
(select TOP 1 PartDescrt from tblParts where tblParts.PartID = tblOrders.PartNum
ORDER BY PartDescrt, ID DESC)
AS Description

How to query list of objects with paramteres that might not be entered?

I'm trying to query list of objects filtered by parameters that might not get entered by the user at all.
#Query(value = "SELECT * " +
"FROM project " +
"WHERE CASE WHEN (:location is not null) THEN location_Id LIKE :location" +
" and CASE WHEN (:category is not null) THEN category_Id LIKE :category", nativeQuery = true)
List<Project> getProjects(#Param("category") List<Category> category,
#Param("location") List<Location> location);
But i keep on getting similar errors that my syntax is wrong even tho i just copied it from a tutorial. Any idea where i might be mistaking?
If you want a single query:
WHERE (:location is null OR location_Id LIKE :location) AND
(:category is null OR category_Id LIKE :category)
From a performance perspective, OR can kill performance (by preventing the use of available indexes). Often applications build the WHERE clause for the non-NULL parameter values.

JOIN on keys that don't have the same value

I am trying to do an INNER JOIN on two tables that have similar values, but not quite the same. One table has a fully qualified host name for its primary key, and the other the hosts short name, as well as the subdomain. It it safe to assume that the short name and the subdomain together are unique.
So I've tried:
SELECT table1.nisinfo.* FROM table1.nisinfo INNER JOIN table2.hosts ON (table1.nisinfo.shortname + '.' + table1.nisinfo.subdomainname + '.domain.com') = table2.hosts.fqhn WHERE table2.hosts.package = 'somepkg';
This doesn't return the results I expect, it returns the first result hundreds of times. I'd like to return distinct rows. It takes a long time to run as well.
What am I doing wrong? I was thinking of running a subquery to get the hostnames, but I don't know what the right path from here is.
Thank you!
You can use group by in your query so you can achieve the desired results you want
please see this two links
Group by with 2 distinct columns in SQL Server
http://www.sqlteam.com/article/how-to-use-group-by-with-distinct-aggregates-and-derived-tables
Try putting your results into a temp table and then view the table to make sure that the columns are as expected.
SELECT table1.nisinfo.*, table1.nisinfo.shortname + '.' + table1.nisinfo.subdomainname + '.domain.com' AS ColID
INTO #temp
FROM table1.nisinfo;
Select *
from #temp INNER JOIN table2.hosts ON ##temp.ColID = table2.hosts.fqhn
WHERE table2.hosts.package = 'somepkg'
;
Put a Group By clause at the end of the second statement
So in this case, I used a subquery to get the initial results, and then used a join.
SELECT table1.nisinfo.* FROM table1.nisinfo JOIN (SELECT distinct(fqhn) FROM table2.hosts WHERE package = 'bash') AS FQ ON ((SUBSTRING_INDEX(FQ.fqhn, '.', 1)) = table1.nisinfo.shortname);

SQL issue: one to many relationship and EAV model

Good evening guys,
I'm a newbie to web programming and I need your help to solve a problem inherent to SQL query.
The database engine I'm using is MySQL and I access it via PHP, here I'll explain a simplified version of my database, just to fix ideas.
Let's suppose to work with a database containing three tables: teams, teams_information, attributes. More precisely:
1) teams is a table containing some basic information about italian football teams (soccer, not american football :D), it is formed by three fields: 'id' (int, primary key), 'name' (varchar, team name), nickname (Varchar, team nickname);
2) attributes is a table containing a list of possible information about a football team, such as city (the city where team plays its home match), captain (team captain's fullname), f_number (number of fans) and so on. This table is formed by three fields: id (int, primary key), attribute_name (varchar, an identifier for the attribute), attribute_desc (text, an explanation of the meaning of attribute). Each record of this table represents a single possible attribute of a football team;
3) teams_information is a table where some information, about teams listed in team table, are available. This table contains three fields: id (int, primary key), team_id (int, a foreign key which identifies a team), attribute_id (int, a foreign key which identifies one of the attributes listed in attributes table), attribute_value (varchar, the value of the attribute). Each record represents a single attribute of a single team. In general, different teams will have a different number of information, so for some teams a large number of attributes will be available while for other teams only a small number of attributes will be available.
Note that relation between teams and teams_information is one to many and the same relation exists between attributes and teams_information
Well, given this model my purpose is to realize a grid (maybe with ExtJS 4.1) to show user the list of italian football team, each record of this grid will represent a single football team and will contain all possible attributes: some fields may be empty (because, for considered team, the correspondent attribute is unknown), while the others will contain the values stored in teams_information table (for the considered team).
According to the above grid's field are: id, team_name and a number of fields to represent all the different attributes listed in 'attributes' table.
My question is: can I realize such a grid by using a SINGLE SQL query (maybe a proper SELECT query, to fetch all data I need from database tables) ?
Can anyone suggest me how to write a similar query (if it exists) ?
Thanks in advance for helping me.
Regards.
Enrico.
The short answer to your question is no, there is no simple construct in MySQL to achieve the result set you are looking for.
But it is possible to carefully (painstakingly) craft such a query. Here is an example, I trust you will be able to decipher it. Basically, I'm using correlated subqueries in the select list, for each attribute I want returned.
SELECT t.id
, t.name
, t.nickname
, ( SELECT v1.attribute_value
FROM team_information v1
JOIN attributes a1
ON a1.id = v1.attribute_id AND a1.attribute_name = 'city'
WHERE v1.team_id = t.id ORDER BY 1 LIMIT 1
) AS city
, ( SELECT v2.attribute_value
FROM team_information v2 JOIN attributes a2
ON a2.id = v2.attribute_id AND a2.attribute_name = 'captain'
WHERE v2.team_id = t.id ORDER BY 1 LIMIT 1
) AS captain
, ( SELECT v3.attribute_value
FROM team_information v3 JOIN attributes a3
ON a3.id = v3.attribute_id AND a3.attribute_name = 'f_number'
WHERE v3.team_id = t.id ORDER BY 1 LIMIT 1
) AS f_number
FROM teams t
ORDER BY t.id
For 'multi-valued' attributes, you'd have to pull each instance of the attribute separately. (Use the LIMIT to specify whether you are retrieving the first one, the second one, etc.)
, ( SELECT v4.attribute_value
FROM team_information v4 JOIN attributes a4
ON a4.id = v4.attribute_id AND a4.attribute_name = 'nickname'
WHERE v4.team_id = t.id ORDER BY 1 LIMIT 0,1
) AS nickname_1st
, ( SELECT v5.attribute_value
FROM team_information v5 JOIN attributes a5
ON a5.id = v5.attribute_id AND a5.attribute_name = 'nickname'
WHERE v5.team_id = t.id ORDER BY 1 LIMIT 1,1
) AS nickname_2nd
, ( SELECT v6.attribute_value
FROM team_information v6 JOIN attributes a6
ON a6.id = v6.attribute_id AND a6.attribute_name = 'nickname'
WHERE v6.team_id = t.id ORDER BY 1 LIMIT 2,1
) AS nickname_3rd
I use nickname as an example here, because American soccer clubs frequently have more than one nickname, e.g. Chicago Fire Soccer Club has nicknames: 'The Fire', 'La Máquina Roja', 'Men in Red', 'CF97', et al.)
NOT AN ANSWER TO YOUR QUESTION, BUT ...
Have I mentioned numerous times before, how much I dislike working with EAV database implementations? What should IMO be a very simple query turns into an overly complicated beast of a potentially light dimming query.
Wouldn't it be much simpler to create a table where each "attribute" is a separate column? Then queries to return reasonable result sets would look more reasonable...
SELECT id, name, nickname, city, captain, f_number, ... FROM team
But what really makes me shudder is the prospect that some developer is going to decide that the LDQ should be "hidden" in the database as a view, to enable the "simpler" query.
If you go this route, PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE resist any urge you may have to store this query in the database as a view.
I'm going to take a slightly different route. Spencer's answer is fantastic, and it addresses the issue quite well, but there's still a large underlying problem.
The data that you are trying to display on the site is over-normalized in the database. I won't elaborate, since, again, Spencer's answer highlights the issue pretty well.
Rather, I'd like to recommend a solution that denormalizes the data a bit.
Convert all of your Team data into a single table with many columns. (If there is Player data that isn't covered in the question, that would be a second table, but I'll gloss over that for now.)
Sure, you'll have a whole bunch of columns, and a lot of the columns might be NULL for a lot of the rows. It's not normalized, and it's not pretty, but here's the huge advantage that you gain.
Your query becomes:
SELECT * FROM Teams
That's it. That gets displayed right to the website and you are done. You might have to go out of your way to realize this schema, but it would be totally worth the time investment.
I think what you're saying is that you want the rows in the attributes table to appear as columns in the result recordset. If this is correct, then then in SQL you would use PIVOT.
A quick search on SO seems to indicate that there is no PIVOT equivalent in MySql.
I wrote a simple PHP script to generalize spencer's idea to solve my issue.
Here's the code:
<?php
require_once('includes/db.config.php'); //this file performs connection to mysql
/*
* Following function requires a table name ($table)
* and a number of service fields ($num). Given those parameters
* it returns the number of table fields (excluding service fields).
*/
function get_fields_number($table,$num,$conn)
{
$query = "SELECT * FROM $table";
$result = mysql_query($query,$conn);
return mysql_num_fields($result)-$num; //remember there are $num service fields
}
/*
* Following function requires a table name ($table) and an array
* containing a list of service fields names. Given those parameters,
* it returns the list of field names. That list is contained within an array and
* service fields are excluded.
*/
function get_fields_name($table,$service,$conn)
{
$query = "SELECT * FROM $table";
$result = mysql_query($query,$conn);
$name = array(); //Array to be returned
for ($i=0;$i<mysql_num_fields($result);$i++)
{
if(!in_array(mysql_field_name($result,$i),$service))
{
//currently selected field is not a service field
$name[] = mysql_field_name($result,$i);
}
}
return $name;
}
//Below $conn is db connection created in 'db.config.php'
$query = "SELECT `name` FROM `detail_arg` WHERE visibility = 0";
$res = mysql_query($query,$conn);
if($res===false)
{
$err_msg = mysql_real_escape_string(mysql_error($conn));
echo "{success:false,data:'".$err_msg."'}";
die();
}
$arg = array(); //list of argument names
while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($res))
{
$arg[] = $row['name'];
}
//Following function writes the select subquery which is
//necessary to build a column containing a single attribute.
function make_subquery($attribute) //$attribute contains attribute name
{
$query = "";
$query.="(SELECT incident_detail.arg_value ";
$query.="FROM incident_detail ";
$query.="INNER JOIN detail_arg ";
$query.="ON incident_detail.arg_id = detail_arg.id AND detail_arg.name='".$attribute."' ";
$query.="WHERE incident.id = incident_detail.incident_id) ";
$query.="AS $attribute";
return $query;
}
/*
echo make_subquery("date"); //debug code
*/
$subquery = array(); //list of subqueries
for($i=0;$i<count($arg);$i++)
{
$subquery[] = make_subquery($arg[$i]);
}
$query = "SELECT "; //final query containing subqueries
$fields = get_fields_name("incident",array("id","visibility"),$conn);
//list of 'incident' table's fields
for($i=0;$i<count($fields);$i++)
{
$query.="incident.".$fields[$i].", ";
}
//insert the subqueries
$sub = implode($subquery,", ");
$query .= $sub;
$query.=" FROM incident ORDER BY incident.id";
echo $query;
?>

How to join 1 table twice in the same query and keep results separate

we're building a scheduler system and have a couple of situations where we're trying to get some notes from a table to display. We've looked at other answers and none seem to quite match this problem.
The bookings table holds a numeric reference to both a client note (if present) and a stylist note (if present).
The notes table holds both client and stylist notes, each indexed by a unique numeric index
We've got our query working when we just want to read in the client notes:
SELECT bookings.bookingID, UNIX_TIMESTAMP(bookings.startDate) AS start_date, UNIX_TIMESTAMP(bookings.endDate) as end_date, clientDetails.firstName, clientDetails.lastName, clientDetails.phone1, clientDetails.phone2, clientDetails.email, services.name, services.serviceID, cNotes.note as client_notes, sNotes.note as stylist_note
FROM bookings
LEFT JOIN clientDetails ON bookings.clientID = clientDetails.clientID
LEFT JOIN services ON bookings.serviceID = services.serviceID
LEFT JOIN notes ON bookings.clientNotes = notes.notesID
WHERE bookings.startDate >= '" . $start_date . "' AND bookings.endDate <= '" . $end_date . "' AND bookings.stylistID = '" . $stylist_id . "'
ORDER BY bookings.startDate ASC;
Using this logic we can access the cient notes from the results array in php simply as: $results_array['note']
What we also want to be able to do is to get the stylist note for that booking as well, something like $results_array['stylist_note'].
How can we join the notes table again this time using:
LEFT JOIN notes ON bookings.stylistNotes = notes.notesID
BUT be able to reference these stylist notes separately from the client notes.
Thanks so much for any assistance.
You should be able to alias the table and columns:
SELECT ..., stylistnotes.note AS stylist_note
FROM ...
LEFT JOIN notes stylistnotes ON bookings.stylistNotes = stylistnotes.notesID