How can I import an "xxxx.sql" dump from MySQL to a PostgreSQL database?
This question is a little old but a few days ago I was dealing with this situation and found pgloader.io.
This is by far the easiest way of doing it, you need to install it, and then run a simple lisp script (script.lisp) with the following 3 lines:
/* content of the script.lisp */
LOAD DATABASE
FROM mysql://dbuser#localhost/dbname
INTO postgresql://dbuser#localhost/dbname;
/*run this in the terminal*/
pgloader script.lisp
And after that your postgresql DB will have all of the information that you had in your MySQL SB.
On a side note, make sure you compile pgloader since at the time of this post, the installer has a bug. (version 3.2.0)
Mac OS X
brew update && brew install pgloader
pgloader mysql://user#host/db_name postgresql://user#host/db_name
Don't expect that to work without editing. Maybe a lot of editing.
mysqldump has a compatibility argument, --compatible=name, where "name" can be "oracle" or "postgresql", but that doesn't guarantee compatibility. I think server settings like ANSI_QUOTES have some effect, too.
You'll get more useful help here if you include the complete command you used to create the dump, along with any error messages you got instead of saying just "Nothing worked for me."
The fastest (and most complete) way I found was to use Kettle. This will also generate the needed tables, convert the indexes and everything else. The mysqldump compatibility argument does not work.
The steps:
Download Pentaho ETL from http://kettle.pentaho.org/ (community version)
Unzip and run Pentaho (spoon.sh/spoon.bat depending on unix/windows)
Create a new job
Create a database connection for the MySQL source
(Tools -> Wizard -> Create database connection)
Create a database connection for the PostgreSQL source (as above)
Run the Copy Tables wizard (Tools -> Wizard -> Copy Tables)
Run the job
You could potentially export to CSV from MySQL and then import CSV into PostgreSQL.
For those Googlers who are in 2015+.
I've wasted all day on this and would like to sum things up.
I've tried all the solutions described at this article by Alexandru Cotioras (which is full of despair). Of all the solutions mentioned there only one worked for me.
— lanyrd/mysql-postgresql-converter # github.com (Python)
But this alone won't do. When you'll be importing your new converted dump file:
# \i ~/Downloads/mysql-postgresql-converter-master/dump.psql
PostgreSQL will tell you about messed types from MySQL:
psql:/Users/jibiel/Downloads/mysql-postgresql-converter-master/dump.psql:381: ERROR: type "mediumint" does not exist
LINE 2: "group_id" mediumint(8) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
So you'll have to fix those types manually as per this table.
In short it is:
tinyint(2) -> smallint
mediumint(7) -> integer
# etc.
You can use regex and any cool editor to get it done.
MacVim + Substitute:
:%s!tinyint(\w\+)!smallint!g
:%s!mediumint(\w\+)!integer!g
You can use pgloader.
sudo apt-get install pgloader
Using:
pgloader mysql://user:pass#host/database postgresql://user:pass#host/database
Mac/Win
Download Navicat trial for 14 days (I don't understand $1300) - full enterprise package:
connect both databases mysql and postgres
menu - tools - data transfer
connect both dbs on this first screen. While still on this screen there is a general / options - under the options check on the right side check - continue on error
* note you probably want to un-check index's and keys on the left.. you can reassign them easily in postgres.
at least get your data from MySQL into Postgres!
hope this helps!
I have this bash script to migrate the data, it doesn't create the tables because they are created in migration scripts, so I need only to convert the data. I use a list of the tables to not import data from the migrations and sessions tables. Here it is, just tested:
#!/bin/sh
MUSER="root"
MPASS="mysqlpassword"
MDB="origdb"
MTABLES="car dog cat"
PUSER="postgres"
PDB="destdb"
mysqldump -h 127.0.0.1 -P 6033 -u $MUSER -p$MPASS --default-character-set=utf8 --compatible=postgresql --skip-disable-keys --skip-set-charset --no-create-info --complete-insert --skip-comments --skip-lock-tables $MDB $MTABLES > outputfile.sql
sed -i 's/UNLOCK TABLES;//g' outputfile.sql
sed -i 's/WRITE;/RESTART IDENTITY CASCADE;/g' outputfile.sql
sed -i 's/LOCK TABLES/TRUNCATE/g' outputfile.sql
sed -i "s/'0000\-00\-00 00\:00\:00'/NULL/g" outputfile.sql
sed -i "1i SET standard_conforming_strings = 'off';\n" outputfile.sql
sed -i "1i SET backslash_quote = 'on';\n" outputfile.sql
sed -i "1i update pg_cast set castcontext='a' where casttarget = 'boolean'::regtype;\n" outputfile.sql
echo "\nupdate pg_cast set castcontext='e' where casttarget = 'boolean'::regtype;\n" >> outputfile.sql
psql -h localhost -d $PDB -U $PUSER -f outputfile.sql
You will get a lot of warnings you can safely ignore like this:
psql:outputfile.sql:82: WARNING: nonstandard use of escape in a string literal
LINE 1: ...,(1714,38,2,0,18,131,0.00,0.00,0.00,0.00,NULL,'{\"prospe...
^
HINT: Use the escape string syntax for escapes, e.g., E'\r\n'.
With pgloader
Get a recent version of pgloader; the one provided by Debian Jessie (as of 2019-01-27) is 3.1.0 and won't work since pgloader will error with
Can not find file mysql://...
Can not find file postgres://...
Access to MySQL source
First, make sure you can establish a connection to mysqld on the server running MySQL using
telnet theserverwithmysql 3306
If that fails with
Name or service not known
log in to theserverwithmysql and edit the configuration file of mysqld. If you don't know where the config file is, use find / -name mysqld.cnf.
In my case I had to change this line of mysqld.cnf
# By default we only accept connections from localhost
bind-address = 127.0.0.1
to
bind-address = *
Mind that allowing access to your MySQL database from all addresses can pose a security risk, meaning you probably want to change that value back after the database migration.
Make the changes to mysqld.cnf effective by restarting mysqld.
Preparing the Postgres target
Assuming you are logged in on the system that runs Postgres, create the database with
createdb databasename
The user for the Postgres database has to have sufficient privileges to create the schema, otherwise you'll run into
permission denied for database databasename
when calling pgloader. I got this error although the user had the right to create databases according to psql > \du.
You can make sure of that in psql:
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE databasename TO otherusername;
Again, this might be privilege overkill and thus a security risk if you leave all those privileges with user otherusername.
Migrate
Finally, the command
pgloader mysql://theusername:thepassword#theserverwithmysql/databasename postgresql://otherusername#localhost/databasename
executed on the machine running Postgres should produce output that ends with a line like this:
Total import time ✓ 877567 158.1 MB 1m11.230s
It is not possible to import an Oracle (binary) dump to PostgreSQL.
If the MySQL dump is in plain SQL format, you will need to edit the file to make the syntax correct for PostgreSQL (e.g. remove the non-standard backtick quoting, remove the engine definition for the CREATE TABLE statements adjust the data types and a lot of other things)
Here is a simple program to create and load all tables in a mysql database (honey) to postgresql. Type conversion from mysql is coarse-grained but easily refined. You will have to recreate the indexes manually:
import MySQLdb
from magic import Connect #Private mysql connect information
import psycopg2
dbx=Connect()
DB=psycopg2.connect("dbname='honey'")
DC=DB.cursor()
mysql='''show tables from honey'''
dbx.execute(mysql); ts=dbx.fetchall(); tables=[]
for table in ts: tables.append(table[0])
for table in tables:
mysql='''describe honey.%s'''%(table)
dbx.execute(mysql); rows=dbx.fetchall()
psql='drop table %s'%(table)
DC.execute(psql); DB.commit()
psql='create table %s ('%(table)
for row in rows:
name=row[0]; type=row[1]
if 'int' in type: type='int8'
if 'blob' in type: type='bytea'
if 'datetime' in type: type='timestamptz'
psql+='%s %s,'%(name,type)
psql=psql.strip(',')+')'
print psql
try: DC.execute(psql); DB.commit()
except: pass
msql='''select * from honey.%s'''%(table)
dbx.execute(msql); rows=dbx.fetchall()
n=len(rows); print n; t=n
if n==0: continue #skip if no data
cols=len(rows[0])
for row in rows:
ps=', '.join(['%s']*cols)
psql='''insert into %s values(%s)'''%(table, ps)
DC.execute(psql,(row))
n=n-1
if n%1000==1: DB.commit(); print n,t,t-n
DB.commit()
As with most database migrations, there isn't really a cut and dried solution.
These are some ideas to keep in mind when doing a migration:
Data types aren't going to match. Some will, some won't. For example, SQL Server bits (boolean) don't have an equivalent in Oracle.
Primary key sequences will be generated differently in each database.
Foreign keys will be pointing to your new sequences.
Indexes will be different and probably will need tweaked.
Any stored procedures will have to be rewritten
Schemas. Mysql doesn't use them (at least not since I have used it), Postgresql does. Don't put everything in the public schema. It is a bad practice, but most apps (Django comes to mind) that support Mysql and Postgresql will try to make you use the public schema.
Data migration. You are going to have to insert everything from the old database into the new one. This means disabling primary and foreign keys, inserting the data, then enabling them. Also, all of your new sequences will have to be reset to the highest id in each table. If not, the next record that is inserted will fail with a primary key violation.
Rewriting your code to work with the new database. It should work but probably won't.
Don't forget the triggers. I use create and update date triggers on most of my tables. Each db sites them a little different.
Keep these in mind. The best way is probably to write a conversion utility. Have a happy conversion!
I had to do this recently to a lot of large .sql files approximately 7 GB in size. Even VIM had troubling editing those. Your best bet is to import the .sql into MySql and then export it as a csv which can be then imported to Postgres.
But, the MySQL export as a csv is horrendously slow as it runs the select * from yourtable query. If you have a large database/table I would suggest using some other method. One way is to write a script that reads the sql inserts line by line and uses string manipulation to reformat it to "Postgres-compliant" insert statements and then execute these statements in Postgres
I could copy tables from MySQL to Postgres using DBCopy Plugin for SQuirreL SQL Client.
This was not from a dump, but between live databases.
Use your xxx.sql file to set up a MySQL database and make use of FromMysqlToPostrgreSQL. Very easy to use, short configuration and works like a charm. It imports your database with the set primary keys, foreign keys and indices on the tables. You can even import data alone if you set appropriate flag in the config file.
FromMySqlToPostgreSql migration tool by Anatoly Khaytovich, provides an accurate migration of table data, indices, PKs, FKs... Makes an extensive use of PostgreSQL COPY protocol.
See here too: PG Wiki Page
If you are using phpmyadmin you can export your data as CSV and then it will be easier to import in postgres.
Take a dump file of mysql database.
use this tool for converting local mysql database to local postgresql database.
take a clone in new folder or root directory:
git clone https://github.com/AnatolyUss/nmig.git
cd nmig
git checkout v5.5.0
nano config/config.json open this file after checkout.
Add souce database and destination database and also username, password
"source": {
"host": "localhost",
"port": 3306,
"database": "test_db",
"charset": "utf8mb4",
"supportBigNumbers": true,
"user": "root",
"password": "0123456789"
}
"target": {
"host" : "localhost",
"port" : 5432,
"database" : "test_db",
"charset" : "UTF8",
"user" : "postgres",
"password" : "0123456789"
}
After modification of config/config.json file run:
npm install
npm run build
npm start
After all this command you notice you mysql database is transferred to postgresql database.
Related
I'm having a serious problem with restoring data from a mysqlpump export (note: not mysqldump).
Situation:
MySQL 8.0.19 running on FreeBSD 12.1 running on ESXi.
I have made a clone of that machine.
So they are fully identical in OS and MySQL version and settings (except IP of course).
Let's call the first machine "source" and the second "target".
I run a full DB backup like this:
mysqlpump --set-gtid-purged=ON -u root -p DBName --result-file=DBName.sql
I copy the resulting DBName.sql file to the target host, and import it into mysql by using the command line client and source command in it.
Some of the tables have now corrupted gibberish data in it (collation of fields:utf8mb4_bin).
The structure of the table is fully correct (including the collation of the fields).
But if I export only the specific table with a command like this:
mysqlpump --set-gtid-purged=ON -u root -p DBName TABLEName --result-file=TABLEName.sql
I copy this to the target and import it exactly the same way, everything is correct.
I already spent one full day debugging this, as the datasets involved are massive it's not an easy task.
Anybody has a hint for me what could be the cause of this, how to resolve it or any approach to efficiently debug this?
Thanks!
You can use the parameter --default-character-set-set to specify the exported character set, and then try again.
I am using MYSQL Workbench and I want to clone a database on the same server with different name. It should duplicate the all the tables structure and data into the new database.
I know the usual way is probably using data export to generate a sql script of the database and then run the script on the new database but I encounter some issues with it.
Anyway, is there any better way or easier way to do so?
You can use migration wizard from MySQL Workbench. Just choose the same local connection in both source and target selection, then change schema name on manual editing step. If nothing appears on manual editing step click next and the source and targets will appear. Click slowly on the source database name and edit to the correct name. Go thorough to the end and voilà - you have two identical databases with different names. Note you must have created the target database already and granted permissions to it for the MySQL Workbench user.
I tried to do it in MySQL Workbench 8.0. However I kept receiving an error regarding column-statics. The main idea is to use mysqldump.exe, located in the installation directory of MySQL Workbench, to export the data. So, supposing a Windows oriented platform:
Open Powershell, navigate to mysqldump.exe directory. In my case the command is:
cd C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Workbench 8.0 CE
Export database by executing mysqldump providing the right arguments:
./mysqldump.exe --host=[hostServerIP] --protocol=tcp --user=[nameOfUser] --password=[yourPassword] --dump-date=FALSE --disable-keys=FALSE --port=[portOfMysqlServer] --default-character-set=utf8 --skip-triggers --column-statistics=0 "[databaseName]"
Without changing directory, import the exported file (.sql) by using the following command in Powershell:
Get-Content "[pathToExportedDataFile]" | ./mysql.exe --user=[nameOfUser] --password=[yourPassword] --port=[portOfMysqlServer] --host=[hostServerIP] --database=[nameOfNewDatabase] --binary-mode=1
You can check in the documentation here for more information regarding the mysqldump options.
Please note the following:
Do not forget to replace the values in [] with your own values and remove the []. Do not remove the quotes("") where the are present.
Do not switch Powershell for cmd or something like git-bash, since the above will not work.
As far as step 3 is concerned, I created the new database from MySQL Workbench and then ran the powershell command.
List item First, create a new database using CREATE DATABASE statement.
Second, export all the database objects and data of the database from which you want to copy using mysqldump tool.
Third, import the SQL dump file into the new database.
I need to write a script to automate MySQL backup of a database. So to determine what I will need, I go into MySQL Workbench, select the Schema, select Data Export, set a couple of controls (at the moment: Export to Self-Contained File & Include Create Schema) and Start Export.
Export Progress shows me command-line:
Running: mysqldump --defaults-file="/tmp/tmpTbhnzh/extraparams.cnf" --user=*** --host=*** --protocol=tcp --port=3306 --default-character-set=utf8 --skip-triggers "<schema-name>"
I need to know what is in that temporary "defaults file" if I'm to replicate whatever it is that MySQL Workbench passes to mysqldump. But the backup completes so quickly and deletes the file that I can't even copy it, of course!
Is there a way I can know just what arguments Workbench is passing to mysqldump so I can know I'm generating a good, robust script? (To be clear: I'm sure I can look up the mysqldump documentation to find arguments corresponding to whatever UI items I fill in explicitly, but I'm wondering what other "goodies" MySQL Workbench might know about and put in the parameters file.)
A bit of digging about in the python scripts (there's one called wb_admin_export.py) and the answer is....not very exciting... it's your password.
It also includes ignore-tables if there are any to ignore.
I have MySql and Postgres databases. I have been working on Mysql DB which is populated with my data. Now for me to use heroku, I need to port it to Postgres. These are the steps I followed:
I exported data from my Mysql DB by simple dump command:
mysqldump -u [uname] -p[pass] db_name > db_backup.sql
I logged into my Postgres
sudo su postgres
Now when I try to import the sql into Postgres, it does not have access to db_backup.sql. I changed the permissions for all users and made the dump file read/write to all but still I cannot import the sql.
My question is what is the correct way to duplicate (both schema and data) from Mysql to Postgres. Also why am I not able to access the dump file even after changing the permissions? And if I have a dump from Mysql what are the chances that it runs into the issues while running it on Postgres (I do not have any procedural stuff in my Mysql. Just creation of tables and dumping data into those tables.)?
Thanks!
P.S. I am on Mac-Mavericks if that matters
While the primary part of the question was answered by #wildplasser I thought I would put the entire answer for people looking at porting MySQL data to Postgres.
After trying out multiple solutions, the easiest and quite smooth solution was this: https://github.com/lanyrd/mysql-postgresql-converter
This worked quite smoothly. But just one problem- it does not port any of Mysql sequences to Postgres. This means if you have auto-increment primary ids, you will have to change your Postgres schema separately and create serial sequences after the porting is done. Apart from that, it was quite smooth.
To talk about the permission issue, logging in as Postgres user and trying to access dump created by original user failed, the right way to do it was stay logged in as original user and use postgres user only for DB operation by using -U postgresuser command.
E.g.: psql -U postgres databasename < data_base_dump
While for many this must be the obvious way of doing it, I must admit it was one of those eureka moments for me :)
I have a MySQL table with c.1,850 rows and two columns - ID (int - not auto-incrementing) and data (mediumblob). The table is c.400MiB, with many individual entries exceeding 1MiB and some as large as 4MiB. I must upload it to a typical Linux shared-hosting installation.
So far, I have run into a variety of size restrictions. Bigdump, which effortlessly imported the rest of the database, cannot handle this table - stopping at different places, whichever method I have used (various attempts using SQL or CSV). Direct import using phpMyAdmin has also failed.
I now accept that I have to split the table's content in some way, if the import is ever to be successful. But as (for example) the last CSV displayed 1.6m rows in GVIM (when there are only 1,850 rows in the table), I don't even know where to start with this.
What is the best method? And what settings must I use at export to make the method work?
mysqldump -u username -p -v database > db.sql
Upload the SQL file to your FTP.
Create a script in a language of your choice (eg: PHP) that will call system/exec commands to load in the SQL file into the MySQL database.
nohup mysql -u username -p newdatabase < db.sql &
this will run a process in background for you.
you might have to run initially a which mysqldump and which mysql to get the absolute path of the executables.