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How are you meant to debug errors in Flask? Print to the console? Flash messages to the page? Or is there a more powerful option available to figure out what's happening when something goes wrong?
Running the app in debug mode will show an interactive traceback and console in the browser when there is an error. As of Flask 2.2, to run in debug mode, pass the --app and --debug options to the flask command.
$ flask --app example --debug run
Prior to Flask 2.2, this was controlled by the FLASK_ENV=development environment variable instead. You can still use FLASK_APP and FLASK_DEBUG=1 instead of the options above.
For Linux, Mac, Linux Subsystem for Windows, Git Bash on Windows, etc.:
$ export FLASK_APP=example
$ export FLASK_DEBUG=1
$ flask run
For Windows CMD, use set instead of export:
set FLASK_DEBUG=1
For PowerShell, use $env:
$env:FLASK_DEBUG = "1"
If you're using the app.run() method instead of the flask run command, pass debug=True to enable debug mode.
Tracebacks are also printed to the terminal running the server, regardless of development mode.
If you're using PyCharm, VS Code, etc., you can take advantage of its debugger to step through the code with breakpoints. The run configuration can point to a script calling app.run(debug=True, use_reloader=False), or point it at the venv/bin/flask script and use it as you would from the command line. You can leave the reloader disabled, but a reload will kill the debugging context and you will have to catch a breakpoint again.
You can also use pdb, pudb, or another terminal debugger by calling set_trace in the view where you want to start debugging.
Be sure not to use too-broad except blocks. Surrounding all your code with a catch-all try... except... will silence the error you want to debug. It's unnecessary in general, since Flask will already handle exceptions by showing the debugger or a 500 error and printing the traceback to the console.
You can use app.run(debug=True) for the Werkzeug Debugger edit as mentioned below, and I should have known.
From the 1.1.x documentation, you can enable debug mode by exporting an environment variable to your shell prompt:
export FLASK_APP=/daemon/api/views.py # path to app
export FLASK_DEBUG=1
python -m flask run --host=0.0.0.0
One can also use the Flask Debug Toolbar extension to get more detailed information embedded in rendered pages.
from flask import Flask
from flask_debugtoolbar import DebugToolbarExtension
import logging
app = Flask(__name__)
app.debug = True
app.secret_key = 'development key'
toolbar = DebugToolbarExtension(app)
#app.route('/')
def index():
logging.warning("See this message in Flask Debug Toolbar!")
return "<html><body></body></html>"
Start the application as follows:
FLASK_APP=main.py FLASK_DEBUG=1 flask run
If you're using Visual Studio Code, replace
app.run(debug=True)
with
app.run()
It appears when turning on the internal debugger disables the VS Code debugger.
If you want to debug your flask app then just go to the folder where flask app is. Don't forget to activate your virtual environment and paste the lines in the console change "mainfilename" to flask main file.
export FLASK_APP="mainfilename.py"
export FLASK_DEBUG=1
python -m flask run --host=0.0.0.0
After you enable your debugger for flask app almost every error will be printed on the console or on the browser window.
If you want to figure out what's happening, you can use simple print statements or you can also use console.log() for javascript code.
To activate debug mode in flask you simply type set FLASK_DEBUG=1 on your CMD for windows, or export FLASK_DEBUG=1 on Linux terminal then restart your app and you are good to go!!
Install python-dotenv in your virtual environment.
Create a .flaskenv in your project root. By project root, I mean the folder which has your app.py file
Inside this file write the following:
FLASK_APP=myapp
FLASK_ENV=development
Now issue the following command:
flask run
When running as python app.py instead of the flask command, you can pass debug=True to app.run.
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run(debug=True)
$ python app.py
with virtual env activate
export FLASK_DEBUG=true
you can configure
export FLASK_APP=app.py # run.py
export FLASK_ENV = "development"
to start
flask run
the result
* Environment: development
* Debug mode: on
* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
* Restarting with stat
* Debugger is active!
* Debugger PIN: xxx-xxx-xxx
and if you change
export FLASK_DEBUG=false
* Environment: development
* Debug mode: off
* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
For Windows users:
Open Powershell and cd into your project directory.
Use these commandos in Powershell, all the other stuff won't work in Powershell.
$env:FLASK_APP = "app"
$env:FLASK_ENV = "development"
If you have PyCharm Professional, you can create a Flask server run configuration and enable the FLASK_DEBUG checkbox. Go to Run > Edit Configurations, select or create a Flask server configuration, and enable the FLASK_DEBUG checkbox. Click OK, then click the run button.
You can install python-dotenv with
pip install python-dotenv then create a .flask_env or a .env file
The contents of the file can be:
FLASK_APP=myapp
FLASK_DEBUG=True
Use loggers and print statements in the Development Environment, you can go for sentry in case of production environments.
I am trying to configure continuous deployment to a test server on Azure. The app is an ASP.Net application, but in this case that shouldn't really matter.
My build process (team city) produces a folder that has everything needed to deploy (minus some connection string info). If you point IIS at that directory it works great. If you FTP that directory up to Azure it also works.
I am tracking each of these builds in git and pushing them up to Github. So I am trying to use Azure deployment option to deploy from github. Everything is in git. The /bin folder included.
Kudu shouldn't need to do anything but a pull from git and copy all the files to wwwroot.
So I've set my .deployment file to be this:
[config]
project = .
Every time I do that, though, the deployment gives me the message:
Using cached version of deployment script (command: 'azure -y --no-dot-deployment -r "D:\home\site\repository" -o "D:\home\site\deployments\tools" --aspWAP "D:\home\site\repository\MyProj.csproj" --no-solution').
And it runs some generic autogenerated deploy.cmd.
If I delete the deploy.cmd from the cache, it regenerates some generic one.
And, most importantly, in doing all this, the WRONG ASSEMBLY IS BEING DEPLOYED!!
My app depends on System.Web.Helpers.dll. The correct version of this DLL is in github. I've verified this multiple times.
Kudu, however, is grabbing an OLDER one from NuGet and deploying that. And, of course, I get the dreaded YSOD error about not being able to load that file.
What do I need to do to make Kudu just copy the files from my github repository to wwwroot and nothing else?
I wound up getting it to deploy by hand editing the autogenerated deploy.cmd file that lives at \home\site\deployments\tools\deploy.cmd in kudu.
I commented out the 2 autogenerated lines of:
:: 1. Restore NuGet packages
:: 2. Build to the temporary path
(commented out all the code underneath them, too)
And then hand-edited the 3rd section to run kudu sync from the DEPLOYMENT_SOURCE instead of the temp file like this:
:: 3. KuduSync
IF /I "%IN_PLACE_DEPLOYMENT%" NEQ "1" (
call :ExecuteCmd "%KUDU_SYNC_CMD%" -v 50 -f "%DEPLOYMENT_SOURCE%" -t "%DEPLOYMENT_TARGET%" -n "%NEXT_MANIFEST_PATH%" -p "%PREVIOUS_MANIFEST_PATH%" -i ".git;.hg;.deployment;deploy.cmd"
IF !ERRORLEVEL! NEQ 0 goto error
)
I have a problem with running tesseract-ocr engine on linux. I've downloaded RUS language data and put it to tessdata directory (/usr/local/share/tessdata). When I'm trying to run tesseract with command tesseract blob.jpg out -l rus , it displays an error:
Error opening data file /usr/local/share/tessdata/eng.traineddata
Please make sure the TESSDATA_PREFIX environment variable is set to the parent directory of your "tessdata" directory.
Failed loading language eng
Tesseract couldn't load any languages!
Could not initialize tesseract.
According to compiling guide, I used export TESSDATA_PREFIX='/usr/local/share/'
to point my tessdata directory.
Maybe I should edit any config files? Tesseract try to load 'eng' data files instead of 'rus'.
Screenshot:
http://i.stack.imgur.com/I0Guc.png
You can grab eng.traineddata Github:
wget https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tessdata/raw/main/eng.traineddata
Check https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tessdata for a full list of trained language data.
When you grab the file(s), move them to the /usr/local/share/tessdata folder. Warning: some Linux distributions (such as openSUSE and Ubuntu) may be expecting it in /usr/share/tessdata instead.
# If you got the data from Google, unzip it first!
gunzip eng.traineddata.gz
# Move the data
sudo mv -v eng.traineddata /usr/local/share/tessdata/
The simpliest way is to install the needed package:
sudo apt-get install tesseract-ocr-eng #for english
sudo apt-get install tesseract-ocr-tam #for tamil
sudo apt-get install tesseract-ocr-deu #for deutsch (German)
As you can notice, it opens the road to others languages (i.e. tesseract-ocr-fra).
I had this error too on the Windows machine.
My solution.
1) Download your language files from
https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tessdata/tree/3.04.00
For example, for eng, I downloaded all files with eng prefix.
2) Put them into tessdata directory inside of some folder. Add this folder into System Path variables as TESSDATA_PREFIX.
Result will be
System env var: TESSDATA_PREFIX=D:/Java/OCR
And OCR folder has tessdata with languages files.
This is a screenshot of the directory:
No previous solution worked for me.
I've installed both by apt-get and manually downloading the tessdata, moved around /usr and so on and no one worked even if i exported the variable thousand times.
Finally, on a last try before start to cry i've tried to pass the path directly to the instance of Tesseract().
In Python: tr = Tesseract("/usr/local/share/tesseract-ocr/") and now it works. To clarify, im using tesserwrap module.
For Windows Users:
In Environment Variables, add a new variable in system variable with name "TESSDATA_PREFIX" and value is "C:\Program Files (x86)\Tesseract-OCR\tessdata"
tesseract --tessdata-dir <tessdata-folder> <image-path> stdout --oem 2 -l <lng>
In my case, the mistakes that I've made or attempts that wasn't a success.
I cloned the github repo and copied files from there to
/usr/local/share/tessdata/
/usr/share/tesseract-ocr/tessdata/
/usr/share/tessdata/
Used TESSDATA_PREFIX with above paths
sudo apt-get install tesseract-ocr-eng
First 2 attempts did not worked because, the files from git clone did not worked for the reasons that I do not know. I am not sure why #3 attempt worked for me.
Finally,
I downloaded the eng.traindata file using wget
Copied it to some directory
Used --tessdata-dir with directory name
Take away for me is to learn the tool well & make use of it, rather than relying on package manager installation & directories
For me the problem was in how I downloaded the train data files. Make sure you get the raw link.
Initially I was using:
wget https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tessdata_best/blob/master/eng.traineddata
When I changed it to:
wget https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tessdata_best/raw/master/eng.traineddata
It worked
For Ubuntu just run the below command and the Environment variable error will disappear.
command:
export TESSDATA_PREFIX=Path_of_your_tessdata_folder
Command Example:
export TESSDATA_PREFIX=/home/amar/Desktop/OCR/tesseract-4.1.1/tessdata
This command will set the tessdata folder's path to the environment variable with name TESSDATA_PREFIX and the above error will be resolved.
You can call tesseract API function from C code:
#include <tesseract/baseapi.h>
#include <tesseract/ocrclass.h>; // ETEXT_DESC
using namespace tesseract;
class TessAPI : public TessBaseAPI {
public:
void PrintRects(int len);
};
...
TessAPI *api = new TessAPI();
int res = api->Init(NULL, "rus");
api->SetAccuracyVSpeed(AVS_MOST_ACCURATE);
api->SetImage(data, w0, h0, bpp, stride);
api->SetRectangle(x0,y0,w0,h0);
char *text;
ETEXT_DESC monitor;
api->RecognizeForChopTest(&monitor);
text = api->GetUTF8Text();
printf("text: %s\n", text);
printf("m.count: %s\n", monitor.count);
printf("m.progress: %s\n", monitor.progress);
api->RecognizeForChopTest(&monitor);
text = api->GetUTF8Text();
printf("text: %s\n", text);
...
api->End();
And build this code:
g++ -g -I. -I/usr/local/include -o _test test.cpp -ltesseract_api -lfreeimageplus
(i need FreeImage for picture loading)
I'm using windows OS, I tried all solutions above and none of them work.
Finally, I install Tesseract-OCR on D drive(Where I run my python script from) instead of C drive and it works.
So, if you are using windows, run your python script in the same drive as your Tesseract-OCR.
In Google Colab I resolved the issue in this way:
!sudo apt-get install tesseract-ocr-*
Because if you use this command !sudo apt install tesseract-ocr then it imports 2 languages but when you intend to work on non-English languages then the former command works.
Afterwards, use this command !pip install pytesseract
You can also check languages in this way !tesseract --list-langs
I'm using Visual Studio 2017 Community Edition.
I solved this problem by making a directory called tessdata in the Debug directory of my project. Then I put the eng.traineddata file into said directory.
C# developer working on Windows here. What works for me is simply download the file eng.traineddata from the following URL:
https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tessdata/blob/master/eng.traineddata
and copy it to the following directory in my Console Application project:
[Project Directory]\bin\Debug\tessdata
I did manually create the tessdata folder above.
tessdata_dir_config = r'--tessdata-dir "/usr/local/Cellar/tesseract/4.1.1/share/tessdata"'
pytesseract.image_to_string(imgCrop,lang='eng',config=tessdata_dir_config)
Add this to your code :
instance.setDatapath("C:\\somepath\\tessdata");
instance.setLanguage("eng");
How I solved the problem in my Manjaro Xfce:
Message “TesseractError: (1, 'Error opening data file /home/julio/snap/tesseract/common/eng.traineddata Please make sure the TESSDATA_PREFIX environment variable is set to your "tessdata" directory. Failed loading language 'eng' Tesseract couldn't load any languages! Could not initialize tesseract.')”
Then, in my Manjaro, I typed: sudo pacman -S tesseract
Then the system installed both the “tesseract” and also a package name “leptonica”
After this step, I thought everything was ok, and tried to run my simple script. However, the error message changed to something like this (it changed the previous “/home” location to other “/usr”-like location):
“"Please make sure the TESSDATA_PREFIX environment variable is set to your "tessdata" directory. Failed loading language 'eng' Tesseract couldn't load any languages! Could not initialize tesseract.')"”
Then I realized that there had appeared this message when I installed “tesseract” with pacman: “You must install one of tesseract-data-* packages or whole tesseract-data group”
So, I tried the command: “sudo pacman -S tesseract-data”, and the system presented lots of language options to me. So I’ve chosen some languages, installed as follows, and the module started to work like a charm:
sudo pacman -S tesseract-data-eng
sudo pacman -S tesseract-data-por
sudo pacman -S tesseract-data-fra
sudo pacman -S tesseract-data-spa
I tried some portuguese special characters (like "ão"), that only worked when I used the argument "lang='por'" in the pytesseract.image_to_string(img,lang='por')
As of 2021, My solution for Ubuntu is to download the zip files from https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tessdata_best/releases/tag/4.1.0, extract and copy the neccessary .traineddata files into /usr/local/share/tessdata. This is the default folder for tesseract 4.1.1 to search for trained data.
I had the same problem with DEU language on macOS. I could solve it by installing all additional languages like so:
brew install tesseract-lang
as suggested on https://formulae.brew.sh/formula/tesseract
**IF you have windows OS then please add your TesseractOCR to system variable.
Eg..
Find the path where Tesseract is installed in your c drive (in my case r"C:\Program Files\Tesseract-OCR\tesseract.exe")**
2)make sure you have the required files ie tessdata, tessdata if not then download it from https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tessdata https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/langdata (At least those languages which you want to convert)
past it into the main directory in my case C:\Program Files\Tesseract-OCR
4)Add the path of the directory to your system environment variable
for that
search environment variable in start bar
go to environment variable
click path in your system environment variable (NOT IN USER ENVIRONMENT VARIABLE)
past the path of tesseractocr
thats all...
In the Mercurial API, is there any way to read the configuration values associated with a repository that you're accessing over HTTPS? The repository's ui object doesn't seem to hold them.
The short answer is "no". There is no way to read the config values from a repo over HTTP using the Mercurial API. These values are never transmitted over the network. A more detailed explanation follows.
The ui.ui() class provides access to system, user and local repository config values.
>>> from mercurial import hg, ui
>>> u = ui.ui()
>>> u.configlist('ui', 'username')
['Your', 'Name', '<your#email.com>']
The constructor for a repository object requires a ui object and a path to be provided.
The values from ui are copied into the repo object.
If path is a local repository, then the config settings for that repository may be accessed via repo.ui. However if path is a URL, the API does not query the remote server for config settings. In that case, repo.ui only includes the system and user settings.
>>> repo = hg.repository(ui.ui(), '.')
>>> repo.ui.configlist('paths', 'default')
['https://www.mercurial-scm.org/repo/hg']
... start an hg serve session at http://localhost:8000 ...
>>> repo = hg.repository(ui.ui(), 'http://localhost:8000')
>>> repo.ui.configlist('paths', 'default')
[]
I have tried to host a Mercurial HG repository using a Scriptalias.
ScriptAlias /hg/ "htdocs/hgwebdir.cgi"
If I go to Chrome it display the contents of the cgi file. In IE it does render however images and links are not displayed. In either case the repository I want to display is not shown.
Has anyone managed to get this working with VisualSVN? Also will this work if I have windows authentication and https?
Here's a alternative setup using mod_wsgi (fast!), combined repository directory, and you can manage Mercurial repository level access from the VisualSVN Server GUI.
Download mod_wsgi.so for Apache 2.2 Win32 and place in "C:\Program Files\VisualSVN Server\bin".
Copy hgwebdir.wsgi from your Mercurial installation (contrib directory) to "C:\Program Files\VisualSVN Server\". It should look something like this:
import sys
sys.path.insert(0, "C:\Program Files\Mercurial\library")
from mercurial.hgweb.hgwebdir_mod import hgwebdir
application = hgwebdir('hgweb.config')
Create the config file "C:\Program Files\VisualSVN Server\hgweb.config".
[paths]
/ = c:/Repositories/*
Paste the following in "C:\Program Files\VisualSVN Server\conf\httpd-custom.conf". You should adjust the Auth* values based on the section of httpd.conf.
LoadModule wsgi_module bin/mod_wsgi.so
WSGIScriptAlias /hg "hgwebdir.wsgi"
<Location /hg/>
AuthName "Mercurial Repositories"
AuthType VisualSVN
AuthzVisualSVNAccessFile "C:/Repositories/authz-windows"
AuthnVisualSVNBasic on
AuthnVisualSVNIntegrated off
AuthnVisualSVNUPN Off
SVNParentPath "C:/Repositories/"
require valid-user
</Location>
Create a Mercurial repository:
hg init C:\Repositories\hgtest
You should now be able to access /hg through your browser, and manage repository level authorization through the VisualSVN Server tool.
Assuming you have Python 2.6 installed and working, here are the steps that I took.
Obtain "mod_cgi.so" built for Apache 2.2 Win32 and place it in "C:\Program Files\VisualSVN Server\bin".
Paste the following in "C:\Program Files\VisualSVN Server\conf\httpd-custom.conf"
LoadModule cgi_module bin/mod_cgi.so
ScriptAliasMatch ^/hg(.*) "cgi-bin/hgweb.cgi$1"
Create the cgi-bin directory, "C:\Program Files\VisualSVN Server\cgi-bin". And place hgweb.cgi in it. Make sure it looks similar to the following:
#!c:/Python26/python.exe -u
import sys
sys.path.insert(0, "C:\Program Files\Mercurial\library")
import cgitb
cgitb.enable()
from mercurial.hgweb.hgwebdir_mod import hgwebdir
import mercurial.hgweb.wsgicgi as wsgicgi
application = hgwebdir('hgweb.config')
wsgicgi.launch(application)
Create a file called hgweb.config in the cgi-bin directory.
[paths]
/ = c:/HgRepositories/*
Copied "C:\Program Files\Mercurial\templates" to "C:\Program Files\Mercurial\library\templates".
Create "C:\HgRepositories" folder and "hg init c:\HgRepositories\test".
Restart VisualSVN Server, open browser, enjoy your Mercurial repository.
Starting with version 1.6 of Mercurial, the hgwebdir.wsgi script has
been unified with the hgweb.wsgi script. Wherever hgwebdir.wsgi is
referred to in these directions, you can substitute the hgweb.wsgi
script instead.
https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/modwsgi
You can run hgwebdir behind different authentication and https modules just fine, provided your webserver handles them before the REMOTE_USER variable is handed off to the CGI.
I don't know visualsvn, but your ScriptAlias looks a lot like Apache. Do you need an AddHandler line for .cgi?