Different way of writing intersection in relational algebra - intersection

Using basic operators, derive the additional operator intersection.
R ∩ S = ?
I thought it might be: (R ∪ S) - ((R -S) ∪ (S -R)) but I also think there might be an easier way of doing it?

A intersected with B is equal to A - (A - B) or equivalenty B - (B - A)

R ∩ S is also equal to ~( (~R) ∪ (~S) )
where ~A is the complement of A

Related

Check the result of a math expression in mysql

Let's say I have a table, which has four columns (a, b, oper and c) and some primary key column. oper means arithmetic operation (+ - * /) here.
a b oper c
-------------
2 3 + 5
4 2 / 3
6 1 * 9
8 5 - 3
As, we can see in some cases, a <oper> b != c. So, my question is how to filter out such cases?
I've heard of execute, which is used for executing statements, but I don't know how to use it inside where clause.
Also, I'm not generalizing the oper to any arithmetic operation, but it would be nice to know, if any function exists.
SELECT *
FROM table
WHERE с != CASE oper WHEN '+' THEN a+b
WHEN '-' THEN a-b
WHEN '*' THEN a*b
WHEN '/' THEN a/b
ELSE NULL END
fiddle

How to implement AND/OR statement logic?

I have a doubt regarding how to implement this statement with constraints:
Only if A or B or both, then C or D or both.
I want to implement it with constraints that take binary values.
This is an example:
If A then B, means that A=B;
A or B or both, means that A+B>=1.
Thank you so much.
Let me try.
First A => B is not the same as A=B. It is however the same as B >= A. If we want: A <=> B then indeed A=B.
The real question seems to be: A+B>=1 <=> C+D>=1 or
A+B>=1 => C+D>=1
A+B=0 => C+D=0
We can write this as a system of inequalities:
C+D >= A
C+D >= B
C+D <= 2(A+B)
All variables are assumed to be binary.

Boolean Logic and Truth Tables

I have been Googling around and haven't been able to find a solution. If anyone can link me or explain this, I'd appreciate it.
I have this expression:
¬aΛb | aΛ¬b. Λ is AND, ¬ is NOT.
The truth table is:
A B Expression
--------------
T T F
T F T
F T F
F F T
I am confused as to why they aren't all FALSE. For example, if I were to consider a and b as false: ¬a and ¬b gets precedence, so they become true. But ¬a (TRUE) Λ b (FALSE) is FALSE. And since Λ gets precedence, a (FALSE) Λ ¬b (TRUE) is again FALSE. So FALSE | FALSE = FALSE, right?
Likewise, for a|b|c|d|e, where | is OR. Why is it that when only d is FALSE, and the other are true:
T T T F T
= FALSE
The calculator you're using uses | to mean NAND, not OR. You should use + for OR. Then the truth table comes out as expected. x NAND y is TRUE except when x AND y are true; and NAND has the same precedence as AND, so without parentheses the operators bind leftmost first. A fully parenthesized version of your formula is:
((((not a) and b) nand a) and (not b))
Generating a truth table based on this gives the observed result.

If xy determines z can x determine z and y determine z?

It is a functional dependency question.
I know that when x->yz then x->y and x->z.But is the above dependency possible?
If xy determines z can x determine z and y determine z?
Yes, if xy -> z then it's possible that also x -> z and y -> z.
Suppose z can only have one value; then a given x, y or xy only ever appears with that one value. Or suppose x -> z and y -> z and x must equal y. Or suppose both x and y are unique; then xy is unique. (A case of that is when both x & y are candidate keys.) In fact any time that x -> z and y -> z, xy -> z.
(To show something is possible it's always worth trying some cases, especially very simple ones, in case they are examples, so you don't have to prove the general case.)

Polynomial-time logic puzzle using AND/OR/NOT to create <= on N inputs?

So let's say you have n boolean inputs of x1, x2, x3, ..., xn. How do you determine that <= k of your boolean inputs are True using only And/Or/Not logic gates, and doing so in polynomial time?
I'm quite honestly befuddled.
There are many ways to do it. One is to (recursively) make two nets:
one (A) determining that <= k-1 of boolean inputs x1 ... x[n-1] are True.
another (B) determining that <= k of boolean inputs x1 ... x[n-1] are True.
Connect them as (B And Not x[n]) Or A