Help with querying a many to many table in mysql - mysql

Question

I am trying to get a list of product id's that do not have certain colors (database is mysql)
Here are my tables:
product
+------------+-------------+
| product_id | description |
+------------+-------------+
| 1 | Widget 1 |
| 2 | Widget 2 |
| 3 | Widget 3 |
| 4 | Widget 4 |
| 5 | Widget 5 |
| 6 | Widget 6 |
+------------+-------------+
color
+----------+-------+
| color_id | name |
+----------+-------+
| 1 | red |
| 2 | black |
| 3 | white |
| 4 | green |
| 5 | blue |
| 6 | pink |
+----------+-------+
product_color
+------------+----------+
| product_id | color_id |
+------------+----------+
| 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 4 |
| 1 | 5 |
| 2 | 2 |
| 2 | 3 |
| 3 | 1 |
| 3 | 2 |
| 3 | 3 |
| 5 | 3 |
| 5 | 6 |
| 6 | 1 |
| 6 | 5 |
| 6 | 6 |
+------------+----------+
I want to select all the products that don't have colors 4 (green), 5 (blue), or 6 (pink).
So from the tables above, products 2, 3, and 4 would appear in the result set.
The best I've been able to do is:
SELECT product.*, GROUP_CONCAT(product_color.color_id) as color_ids
FROM product
LEFT JOIN product_color USING (product_id)
GROUP BY product.product_id
Here is my result set:
--------------------------------------
product_id description color_ids
--------------------------------------
1 Widget 1 1,4,5
2 Widget 2 2,3
3 Widget 3 1,2,3
4 Widget 4 NULL
5 Widget 5 3,6
6 Widget 6 1,3,6
And then I filter them programmatically but I'd prefer for the database to do all the work, if it can.
Optimally, I'd like my result set to look like this (all I need is the product id's).
------------
product_id
------------
2
3
4
Here is the schema and data just case your kind soul would like to help me out.
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `color` (
`color_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
`name` varchar(25) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`color_id`),
UNIQUE KEY `name` (`name`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=7 ;
INSERT INTO `color` (`color_id`, `name`) VALUES
(2, 'black'),
(5, 'blue'),
(4, 'green'),
(6, 'pink'),
(1, 'red'),
(3, 'white');
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `product` (
`product_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
`description` varchar(25) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`product_id`),
UNIQUE KEY `description` (`description`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=7 ;
INSERT INTO `product` (`product_id`, `description`) VALUES
(1, 'Widget 1'),
(2, 'Widget 2'),
(3, 'Widget 3'),
(4, 'Widget 4'),
(5, 'Widget 5'),
(6, 'Widget 6');
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `product_color` (
`product_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,
`color_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`product_id`,`color_id`),
KEY `color_id` (`color_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
INSERT INTO `product_color` (`product_id`, `color_id`) VALUES
(1, 1),
(3, 1),
(6, 1),
(2, 2),
(3, 2),
(2, 3),
(3, 3),
(5, 3),
(1, 4),
(1, 5),
(6, 5),
(5, 6),
(6, 6);

Answer 1

I think a sub query in the where clause should be sufficient.
SELECT DISTINCT product_id
FROM product
WHERE product_id NOT IN (SELECT product_id FROM product_color WHERE color_id IN (4, 5, 6));
EDIT: I just saw the many to many bit! This works.