I want to render an ERDAS-Image-file (suffix .img) with the UMN-Mapserver. The data is rendered on the right position and with the correct shape, but all data is white instead of an raster-image. The Image contains many layers. My mapfile looks like this:
MAP
NAME "Test"
WEB
METADATA
"wms_title" "test"
"WMS_SRS" "epsg:31466 epsg:31467 epsg:31468 epsg:31469 epsg:4326 epsg:25832 epsg:3035"
END
LOG "test.log"
IMAGEPATH "."
END
SHAPEPATH "."
PROJECTION
"init=epsg:32632"
END
LAYER
NAME "testlayer"
TYPE RASTER
DATA "test.img"
STATUS ON
OFFSITE 0 0 0
END
OUTPUTFORMAT
NAME png
DRIVER "GD/PNG"
MIMETYPE "image/png"
IMAGEMODE RGBA
END
END
To give an answer to my own question: The input-file had 16 Bit per channel and that didn't worked out. The mapserver can scale the colors, but you need the data from the people, that have knowledge about the image. In my case, I was said to scale from 0-22000, so I wrote the following line to the layer-definition:
PROCESSING "SCALE=0,22000"
That worked well, now I can see structure in the image. If you don't know about the correct scale, you could try the following
PROCESSING "SCALE=AUTO"
I hope this helps someone, who runs into the same trouble in the future.
Related
I want to compare two smoothing methods for a bigram model:
Add-one smoothing
Interpolated Absolute Discounting
For the first method, I found some codes.
def calculate_bigram_probabilty(self, previous_word, word):
bigram_word_probability_numerator = self.bigram_frequencies.get((previous_word, word), 0)
bigram_word_probability_denominator = self.unigram_frequencies.get(previous_word, 0)
if self.smoothing:
bigram_word_probability_numerator += 1
bigram_word_probability_denominator += self.unique__bigram_words
return 0.0 if bigram_word_probability_numerator == 0 or bigram_word_probability_denominator == 0 else float(
bigram_word_probability_numerator) / float(bigram_word_probability_denominator)
However, I found nothing for the second method except for some references for 'KneserNeyProbDist'. However, this is for trigrams!
How can I change my code above to calculate it? The parameters of this method must be estimated from a development-set.
In this answer I just clear up a few things that I just found about your problem, but I can't provide a coded solution.
with KneserNeyProbDist you seem to refer to a python implementation of that problem: https://kite.com/python/docs/nltk.probability.KneserNeyProbDist
There exists an article about Kneser–Ney smoothing on wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kneser%E2%80%93Ney_smoothing
The article above links this tutorial: https://nlp.stanford.edu/~wcmac/papers/20050421-smoothing-tutorial.pdf but this has a small fault on the most important page 29, the clear text is this:
Modified Kneser-Ney
Chen and Goodman introduced modified Kneser-Ney:
Interpolation is used instead of backoff. Uses a separate discount for one- and two-counts instead of a single discount for all counts. Estimates discounts on held-out data instead of using a formula
based on training counts.
Experiments show all three modifications improve performance.
Modified Kneser-Ney consistently had best performance.
Regrettable the modified Version is not explained in that document.
The original documentation by Chen & Goodman luckily is available, the Modified Kneser–Ney smoothing is explained on page 370 of this document: http://u.cs.biu.ac.il/~yogo/courses/mt2013/papers/chen-goodman-99.pdf.
I copy the most important text and formula here as screenshot:
So the Modified Kneser–Ney smoothing now is known and seems being the best solution, just translating the description beside formula in running code is still one step to do.
It might be helpful that below the shown text (above in screenshot) in the original linked document is still some explanation that might help to understand the raw description.
I used to use a lot of Filters in Animate, and it was glorious because I could make a color filter by hand, see what it looks like, and then integrate code into that too, eg:
object.filters = e.currentTarget.filters;
But I'm trying to be good and stay away from filters to reduce processing power etc. Plus, filters don't take in hex codes. So I'm trying to use colorTransforms. But now things get really unwieldly because I figure out which colors I want, write down all the hex codes in Notepad, then write code to transform things to that color. And I still can't SEE the colours interacting until I publish the file. Isn't there SOME way to manually fiddle with colorTransforms? Maybe the Advanced section under Color Effect -> Style?
How I imagine this happening in my fantasy is:
I have a few movieclips which interact to create a fabric swatch. I fiddle with the colorTransform or SOMEhow apply a hex code to them manually (not dynamically in code), and then I can use those swatches to dynamically color other things, something like:
newFabric.topPattern.colorTransform.color = fabricSwatch.topPattern.colorTransform.color;
I know I can do this if I added the colour using code first.. but is there any way to add the colour on the stage/visually/manually and then have the code roll it forward? I know I can draw a bitmap and sample a pixel's color, but the patterns all have very fine, different & complex shapes and transparencies so that won't work here :/
Ok! I have found a workaround! \o/
I can edit the Tint manually, and even input a hex code or eye-drop a colour from my pre-made palette. I just have to make sure to set the "Tint" setting on the Tint to 100%. (Color Effect -> Style:Tint)
Now I simply use the colorTransform code and it can pull my manually placed Tint, and transfer it to other items:
grl.overlay.shapes.transform.colorTransform = e.currentTarget.shapes.transform.colorTransform;
I didn't even have to change my code AND this is better than filters since I can input hex codes. I don't know how this will be on performance relative to filters, but someone just told me that it shouldn't be too bad since nothing is animating. I'm so happy :)
There are LOTS of tutorials out there for using colortransforms – like this one.
As for using hex colors, you can convert back and forth between the various color representations very easily. A simple Google search turned up this snippet:
var brightPinkHex:uint = 0xFF32CC;
var brightPinkRGB:Object = HexToRGB(brightPinkHex);
trace(brightPinkRGB.r+ ", " + brightPinkRGB.g + ", " + brightPinkRGB.b);
function HexToRGB(value:uint):Object {
var rgb:Object = new Object();
rgb.r = (value >> 16) & 0xFF
rgb.g = (value >> 8) & 0xFF
rgb.b = value & 0xFF
return rgb;
}
// OUTPUT
// 255, 50, 204
I have an SSRS Line chart which plots supply points with square feet on the X axis and Price on the Y axis. Right now I don't really care about making it pretty just getting the lines to show up correctly. I am plotting the points and grouping by Subdivision/Builder.
So for example Subdivision A has builders Y and Z. I want to show different colors and lines for Subdivision A builder Y verses Subdivision A Builder Z.
The problem is that the lines are not connecting when a point for another subdivision builder combination breaks up that line.
The grey line and points below are not all connected as the yellow point is between the grey points so the grey line is not connected to all grey points.
How can I make the points of the same color (same Subdivision/Builder) connected via a line?
As I found out the hard way recently, this problem is often caused by null values in the data not being properly handled by SSRS. Without seeing your data, I can't be certain that's the cause, but nulls were the culprit I encountered the same behavior.
The solutions usually involve assigning values to the color of the EmptyPoint property on the Series, sometimes in conjunction with setting the EmptyPointValue to specify null handling. I've found many references to this problem on the web, but I'll only post links to the best two, both of which are on StackExchange:
The thread SSRS Line Chart NULL VALUE - Horizontal Line contains a thorough discussion of this issue. The usual workaround given is to hard-code a color expression for each line using an IIf, but sometimes this isn't an option, especially if the field you're grouping on has dynamic, unpredictable values, as my dataset did.
The picture posted there depicts clear examples of the same type of line breaks. The user named trubs posted a code sample which illustrates how to set the EmptyPoint, in case where an Iif will work:
=iif(isNothing(Fields!SelectedValue.Value),'No Color',"LightBlue")
The first reply in SSRS Line Chart Not Connecting Data Points details a workaround for cases when the EmptyPoint value & nulls are the root cause and simple hard-coded IIfs won't do the trick. Although I have yet to get my line colors to match the point markers the way I'd like, I can verify that this solution at least gives you your lines back and allows you to assign a variety of colors to them. It's fairly simple and involves merely pasting in some VB code for a couple color properties.
I was asked in the comments section to provide the details of the solutions, but don't want to plagiarize, so I'll simply do a long direct quote of JohnBob's answer:
Firstly, in order to get the lines to join up, you need to set the
EmptyPoint colour for the series.
Select your series in your chart In the properties tab (not the
dialog) drill down into the EmptyPoint property and set the colour to
be Black
This will get them joining up - yay! But part of the line is colour
and the other part is black, right? That's a bit silly, especially
considering if you leave the colour to Automatic on the EmptyPoint
that it will be transparent.
So, then we need to get the series and the EmptyPoint's colours in
sync. Using code from here. I added some code to the code of the
report.
1). Right click on an empty space on the report and select "Report
Properties" 2). In the code tab, paste the following:
Private colorPalette As String() = {"#418CF0", "#FCB441", "#E0400A", "#05642E", "#1A3B69", "#BFBFBF", "#E0400A", "#FCB441", "DarkBlue", "Tomato", "Orange", "CornflowerBlue", "Gold", "Red", "Green", "LightBlue", "Lime", "Maroon", "LightSteelBlue", "Tan", "Silver"}
Private count As Integer = 0
Private mapping As New System.Collections.Hashtable()
Public Function GetColor(ByVal groupingValue As String) As String
If mapping.ContainsKey(groupingValue) Then
Return mapping(groupingValue)
End If
Dim c As String = colorPalette(count Mod colorPalette.Length)
count = count + 1
mapping.Add(groupingValue, c)
Return c
End Function
Then we need to call this code when setting the colour of the series
and of the EmptyPoint.
Select your series
In the properties tab paste something the following (replace WhateverTheGroupIsForYourSeries with your series group name):
=Code.GetColor(Fields!*WhateverTheGroupIsForYourSeries*.Value)
Drill down to the color element of the EmptyPoint Series property
Paste the same text as from point two [e.g. =Code.GetColor(Fields!*WhateverTheGroupIsForYourSeries*.Value)]
And voila! You're done! I can't believe how unnecessarily difficult
this is :D
I hope this helps.
Just put your Fields!(YourSeriesGroup).Value in Series Groups to above of
Fields!(YourCategoryGroup).Value in Category Groups, your series group should be in both Series Groups and Category Groups (should be above of your initial category group).
And after that right click horizontal axis and select Horizontal Axis Properties. Set Axis Type to Scalar and click OK.
I have the following code in sikulix (version 2015-01-06)
...
t = wait("total_power.png")
area = Region(t.x+t.w, t.y, 80, 31)
with Region(area):
wait("num_1.png")
....
I find that "with Region" will create a png file in the same directory of the python file. And the png file is the region that I want.
How can I avoid it?
What is is it that you are trying to do here?
Is it that you would like to wait until a window appears, and then look inside that window for another picture to appear?
In that case you alreay have defined the region when you found "t".
"t" is the location of the picture "total_power.png"
For example:
# Wait until the window appears.
p1 = wait("image1.png")
# Find another picture inside the window.
p2 = p1.wait("image2.png")
Edit:
You should have a look here: Link
I think you could use the .right(), if you leave the () empty you take everything.
If fill in a a value you take a part of the screen.
I use .hightlight() when programming to show me what region I am looking at.
You can also use region1.union(region2) to merge 2 region to a new one.
An example:
Image1 = ("image1.png")
class Blue():
def __init__(self):
# Find an image.
LocImage1 = find(Image1)
# Too show the user the region we selected, we can highlight if for 5 seconds.
LocImage1.highlight(5)
# Grab the region to the right of this image.
LocImage1RightSide = LocImage1.right()
# Highlight the region again.
LocImage1RightSide.highlight(5)
# Run class
Blue()
I'm trying to write .tif image. I wrote the following command either on command window or within function file in Matlab to write tif image with the name of 'A_exam'.
All value of output image (A_exam.tif) are 255, no image displayed, just white screen. A matrix is extracted from following code. When I calculated this code, values of A matrix are correct. The problem just comes from writing an image file.
[~,Ind_max] = max(vgt,[],3);
A= arrayfun(#(y) ...
arrayfun(#(x) emp(x,y, Ind_max(x,y)), 1:size(vgt,1)), ...
1:size(vgt,2), 'UniformOutput',false);
A = reshape([A{:}], size(Ind_max))
imwrite(A,'A_exam.tif','tif')
Thank you
whos A
Name Size Bytes Class Attributes
A 41x41 6724 single
That reshape before calling imwrite looks problematic. I would change the
imwrite(A,'A_exam.tif','tif')
to add a call to mat2gray
imwrite(mat2gray(A),'A_exam.tif');
to make sure you're not mixing matrices and images.