SQL inner join on two colums - mysql

If i had two database tables
users -> (id, username)
and
messages -> (msg_id, sender_id, rec_id, text)
and they both joind on users.id = messages.sender_id and also on users.id = messages.rec_id so how i can print out results as follow
msg_id | sender | reciver | text
------------------------------------
1 | david | michael | hello friend
2 | eva | robert | pick me up
I've try this
SELECT users.*, messages.*
FROM messages
INNER JOIN users
ON users.id = messages.sender_id
AND users.id = messages.rec_id
but it seems not working as i want .. so any idea
update i ment by it deosn't seems to be working, that it gives the sender and reciver name are the same which is wrong !!
msg_id | sender | reciver | text
------------------------------------
1 | david | david | hello friend
2 | eva | eva | pick me up

You probably want to join multiple times
SELECT users1.*, users2.*,messages.*
FROM messages
INNER JOIN users1
ON users1.id = messages.sender_id
INNER JOIN users2
AND users2.id = messages.rec_id

You need two joins:
SELECT m.*, us.username as sender_name, ur.username as receiver_nae
FROM messages m JOIN
users us
ON us.id = m.sender_id JOIN
users ur
ON ur.id = m.rec_id;

In your current condition, the user id is equal to both the sender and the receiver id, meaning you will only query messages someone sent himself - which is probably not what you want to achieve. Instead, you can join on users twice, once for the sender and once for the receiver:
SELECT m.msg_id, s.username AS sender, r.username AS receiver, m.text
FROM messages m
JOIN users s ON m.sender_id = s.id
JOIN users r ON m.rec_id = r.id

Related

MySQL where joined value is multiple ANDs

Running into a seemingly simple JOIN problems here..
I have two tables, users and courses
| users.id | users.name |
| 1 | Joe |
| 2 | Mary |
| 3 | Mark |
| courses.id | courses.name |
| 1 | History |
| 2 | Math |
| 3 | Science |
| 4 | English |
and another table that joins the two:
| users_id | courses_id |
| 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 2 |
| 1 | 3 |
| 2 | 1 |
I'm trying to find distinct user names who are in course 1 and course 2
It's possible a user is in other courses, too, but I only care that they're in 1 and 2 at a minimum
SELECT DISTINCT(users.name)
FROM users_courses
LEFT JOIN users ON users_courses.users_id = users.id
LEFT JOIN courses ON users_courses.courses_id = courses.id
WHERE courses.name = "History" AND courses.name = "Math"
AND courses.name NOT IN ("English")
I understand why this is returning an empty set (since no single joined row has History and Math - it only has one value per row.
How can I structure the query so that it returns "Joe" because he is in both courses?
Update - I'm hoping to avoid hard-coding the expected total count of courses for a given user, since they might be in other courses my search does not care about.
Join users to a query that returns the user ids that are in both courses:
select u.name
from users u
inner join (
select users_id
from users_courses
where courses_id in (1, 2)
group by users_id
having count(distinct courses_id) = 2
) c on c.users_id = u.id
You can omit distinct from the condition:
count(distinct courses_id) = 2
if there are no duplicates in users_courses.
See the demo.
If you want to search by course names and not ids:
select u.name
from users u
inner join (
select uc.users_id
from users_courses uc inner join courses c
on c.id = uc.courses_id
where c.name in ('History', 'Math')
group by uc.users_id
having count(distinct c.id) = 2
) c on c.users_id = u.id
See the demo.
Results:
| name |
| ---- |
| Joe |
You can use in operator and use select to generate list of potential users_id attending the second course, to find matching ones in the first course. This is many times faster than using joins.
select distinct u.users_id, users.name
from users_courses u, users
where u.users_id in (select distinct users_id from users_courses where courses_id = 2)
and u.courses_id = 1
and users.users_id = u.users_id
Almost similar to what #Nae's solution.
select u.name from users u
where exists
(select 1
from users_courses uc
where uc.course_id in (1, 2)
and uc.user_id = u.id
group by uc.user_id
having count(0) = 2);
Your code is close. Just use GROUP BY and a HAVING clause:
SELECT u.name
FROM users_courses uc JOIN
users u
ON uc.users_id = u.id JOIN
courses c
ON uc.courses_id = c.id
WHERE c.name IN ('History', 'Math')
GROUP BY u.name
HAVING COUNT(DISTINCT c.name) = 2;
Notes:
This assumes that users cannot have the same name. You might want to use GROUP BY u.id, u.name to ensure that you are counting individual users.
If users cannot take the same course multiple times, then use COUNT(*) = 2 rather than COUNT(DISTINCT).
I'd write:
SELECT MAX(u.name)
FROM users_courses uc
LEFT JOIN users u ON uc.users_id = u.id
WHERE uc.courses_id IN (1, 2)
GROUP BY uc.users_id
HAVING COUNT(0) = 2
;
For more complex conditions (for example requiring the user to be in certain classes but also not in certain classes such as "Science") this should also work:
SELECT MAX(u.name)
FROM users_courses uc
LEFT JOIN users u ON uc.users_id = u.id
GROUP BY uc.users_id
HAVING (
SUM(uc.courses_id = 1) = 1
-- user enrolled exactly once in the course 2
AND SUM(uc.courses_id = 2) = 1
-- user enrolled in course 3, 0 times
AND SUM(uc.courses_id = 3) = 0
)
;

Join users table with last conversation query

I need to join user info table with chat messages query for last reply.
Chat table
mid | sender | receiver| text | created
1 | chrys | Paul| Hello | 2015-12-08 20:00
2 | chrys2 | Chrys | Hey | 2015-12-08 20:10
For the last reply result i am using that script:
mysql_query("
select *
from
chat
join
(select user, max(created) m , COUNT(*) AS msgCount
from
(
(select mid, receiver user, created
from chat
where sender='$login_session' )
union
(select mid, sender user, created
from chat
where receiver='$login_session')
) t1
group by user) t2
on ((sender='$login_session' and receiver=user) or
(sender=user and receiver='$login_session')) and
(created = m)
order by created desc
");
My problem is that i can't figure out how to join a user info table like the following:
id | username | photo_url | age | etcetera.....
Some ideas?
All i need is to get infos about users wich are sendind messages like photo, age from the users_info table.
As per your query, you are trying to get last chat message sent or received for the logged in user.
For that,
select c.*
from chat c
join users u on u.id = c.receiver_id or u.id = c.sender_id
where u.id = 'SESSION.User.Id'
order by c.id desc
Meanwhile i found the answer. Here it is:
select c.*, u.photo
from chat c
join users u on u.username = c.sender
WHERE (sender = '$login_session' AND receiver = '$uid') OR
(sender = '$uid' AND receiver = '$login_session')

MySql query with subqueries

I'm having trouble trying to make a simple query.
My tables are:
user
+-------+----------+
| id | username |
+-------+----------+
messages
+-------+-------------+------------+--------+
| id | receiver_id | sender_id | text |
+-------+-------------+------------+--------+
I need to get all messages coming from or received from a SEPECIFIC user (knowing his username).
But also I need to get the receiver and sender username.
I used
SELECT * from user U, messages M where (M.sender_id OR M.receiver_id)=(select id from user where username = 'Guy1') group by M.id
This works but now I need their username so I thought about something like:
SELECT * from user U, messages M, (select username as Sender from user U1, messages M1 where M1.sender_id= U1.id)as Sub where (M.sender_id OR M.receiver_id)=(select id from user where username = 'Guy1') group by M.id
but it's not giving me what I need, how can I achieve what I'm trying to do?
In the result I need something like:
+-------+-------------------+------------------+
| text | receiver_Username | sender_Username |
+-------+-------------------+------------------+
I think the following query will get the result you need by joining two times messages table with user table. One for the senders and one for the receivers
SELECT messages.text,sender.username,receiver.username from messages
inner join user as sender on sender.id = messages.sender_id
inner join user as receiver on receiver.id = messages.receiver_id
Maybe I didn't express well, I need to get username of sender_id and username of receiver_id and the text. But only where user is = User1 All these queries you posted doesn't do this – Gabriele Prestifilippo 6 secs ago
Username and Text of sender_id:
SELECT u.username, m.text FROM user AS u
LEFT JOIN messages AS m ON u.id = m.sender_id
WHERE u.username = 'Some_User';
Username and Text of receiver_id:
SELECT u.username, m.text FROM user AS u
LEFT JOIN messages AS m ON u.id = m.receiver_id
WHERE u.username = 'Some_User';
Combined:
SELECT u.username, m.text, x.text FROM user AS u
LEFT JOIN messages AS m ON u.id = m.receiver_id
LEFT JOIN messages AS x ON u.id = x.sender_id
WHERE u.username = 'User1'
SELECT U.username, M.receiver_id, M.sender_id, M.text
FROM user U
LEFT JOIN messages AS M ON U.id = M.sender_id

LEFT JOIN in MySQL across multiple tables with NULL values

I have the following table structure with data
TABLE: USER
USER ID | USER NAME
1 | Joe
2 | Mary
TABLE : USER GROUP
USER ID | GROUP ID
1 | 1
1 | 2
TABLE : GROUP
GROUP ID | GROUP NAME
1 | Company 1
2 | Company 2
TABLE : ROLE
ROLE ID | ROLE NAME
1 | Administrator
2 | Users
TABLE : USER ROLE
USER ID | ROLE ID
1 | 1
2 | 1
As you can see user #2 does not belong to any group. Roles & Groups are optional forcing me to left joint but when I run a query as below
`SELECT a.user_id,
a.user_name
GROUP_CONCAT(r.role_name) AS role_names,
GROUP_CONCAT(g.group_name) AS group_names
FROM user a
LEFT JOIN role_map m ON a.user_id = m.user_id
INNER JOIN role r ON m.role_id = r.role_id
LEFT JOIN user_group s ON a.user_id = s.user_id
INNER JOIN group g ON s.group_id = g.group_id
GROUP BY a.user_id`
I get a cartesian product in the role_names column - the result looks like this
Joe | Administrators, Administrators | Company 1, Company 2
What am I doing wrong?
The easiest way to solve this is by using DISTINCT in your GROUP_CONCAT (SQL Fiddle). Also, you will need to add GROUP BY a.user_id in order to group per user:
SELECT a.user_id,
a.user_name,
GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT r.role_name) AS role_names,
GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT g.group_name) AS group_names
FROM `user` a
LEFT JOIN `user_role` m ON a.user_id = m.user_id
LEFT JOIN `role` r ON m.role_id = r.role_id
LEFT JOIN `user_group` s ON a.user_id = s.user_id
LEFT JOIN `group` g ON s.group_id = g.group_id
GROUP BY a.user_id;

MySQL query. Can't manage to get it

I have two tables inside a database. One stores unique userNames and a unique id and the other stores which users from the previous table are "friends": ex:
table users:
id | username
---------------
100 | aaa
200 | bbb
300 | ccc
table friends:
id | user | friend
-------------------
1 | 100 | 200
2 | 300 | 100
3 | 300 | 200
Like in the above example, user 100 is friends with 300 and also 200.
I'd like to display a list containing all of users 100 friends. Keep in mind he can appear in the "friends" table on both columns (user and friend). Can't figure out how the query should look like. Everything i try, it duplicates rows and whatnot.
I know it's trivial, but i'm new at this.
This will work with no duplicate
SELECT distinct id FROM(
SELECT friend as id FROM friends
WHERE user = 100
UNION ALL
SELECT user as id FROM friends
WHERE friend = 100) ;
Try this:
Select distinct u.id, u.username
from Users u
inner join Friends f on u.id = f.id
where f.friend = 100
UNION ALL
Select distinct u.id, u.username
from Users u
inner join Friends f on u.id = f.id
where f.user = 100
Or:
Select distinct u.id, u.username
from Users u
inner join Friends f on u.id = f.id
where f.user = 100 or f.friend = 100
try below :
Select distinct u.id, u.username
from Users as u
left join Friends as f on (u.id = f.user or u.id = f.friend)
where u.id=100