MySql select Mix and Max year - mysql

Hi guys I am developing a php and mysql application. I want to select Min and Max from year. It should show correct year like below:
Min = 1998
Max = 2014
My table structure like below
Table: Students
year varchar(32) utf8_unicode_ci
-------------------------------
06-04-2012
02-05-2014
19-04-1999
05-05-2014
06-04-1998
I try to use MySql Min and Max but not working well.
SELECT MIN(`year`) AS Year FROM `Students`
SELECT Max(`year`) AS Year FROM `Students`
Please help me with this issue.

You should not store dates as strings. You should store them as dates.
But, because you have this format, you can use the right() function to get the year:
select min(right(year, 4)), max(right(year, 4))
from students;
If, for some unfathomable reason, you do have to store dates as strings, then use the ISO standard YYYY-MM-DD format.
If you want the minimum of the entire values as a date, then convert it to a date:
select min(str_to_date(year, '%d-%m-%Y')), max(str_to_date(year, '%d-%m-%Y'))
from students;
But, you should be storing the date using the proper data type in the first place.

Use the YEAR() function rather like
SELECT MIN(YEAR(`year`)) AS Year FROM `Students`

Related

Is formatting required to compare dates in mysql

SELECT * FROM table WHERE '2016-03-31' > (SELECT MAX(year) from table where bill_id = 'somevalue')
I am using above query to check if 2016-03-31 is greater than all years present in table against bill_id. It is working fine. but is it correct approach to compare dates. dates will always in above format. Is there any need to convert date format for comparison. value 2016-03-31 will change dynamically but it will be always in Y-m-d format
Note : year is column name which contains full date in Y-m-d format like 2016-05-20
You are not comparing dates. You are comparing a string '2016-03-31' with a number, e.g. 2015.
In order to compare, MySQL silently converts the string to number. One would expect this to crash, as '2016-03-31' certainly isn't a number. MySQL, however, reads from left to right and takes from there all that can be considered a number, i.e. '2016'. Well, one could argue that some people put a minus sign at the end of a number, so this should be '2016-', i.e. -2016. Anyway, MySQL stops before the minus sign, gets 2016 and uses this for the comparision.
I don't know if all this is guaranteed to work in the future. I would not rely on this.
What result would you expect anyway? Is the 31st of March 2016 greater than the year 2016? That's a queer question, don't you think?
Try this. But do you really have a column year that stores only year?
SELECT * FROM table WHERE year(STR_TO_DATE('2016-03-31'))
> (SELECT MAX(year) from table where bill_id = 'somevalue')
SELECT * FROM table WHERE YEAR('2016-03-31') > (SELECT MAX(year) from table where bill_id = 'somevalue')
MySQL YEAR() returns the year for a given date or timestamp. The return value is in the range of 1000 to 9999 or 0 for 'zero' date.

SQL Change date format from yyyy-mm-dd to dd-mm-yyyy

I have created MySQL table :
CREATE TABLE EMP(
EMPID INTEGER NOT NULL (5),
SURNAME VARCHAR(25),
SAL INTEGER(5),
JON VARCHAR(25),
START_DATE DATE,
END_DATE DATE,
DEPNO INTEGER(5)
);
with following records:
INSERT INTO EMP
(EMPID,SURNAME,SALARY,JOB,START_DATE,END_DATE,DEPNO)
VALUES
('1','Vorosila','500000','COO','20150101',null,'1');
however I need to change date format from 2015 01 01 to 01 01 2015
Can anybody show me or tell me how to do that ?
THANK YOU IN ADVANCE
DATE values do not have a "format", they are objects that represent instants in time (or entire days, but still independent of formatting).
Formats are applied on input and output, so you just need to apply the correct format, which you can find in the MySQL manual, to the SELECT statement.
You cannot change the default date format in mysql.
I once hoped for the default date to be editable so I wouldn't have to jump through these hoops to get the date I actually wanted, mysql even has a date format system variable, but it is unused. Date Format Mysql - link
What you should really do is store it as the default format Year-Month-Date and then convert it on select.
The first thing I'd suggest is having your date columns as date types, which would give your dates the following format '2015-01-01'.
If you do this then you can use DATE_FORMAT - link - the second value in the DATE_FORMAT function allows you to customise the returned date, and there are many different thing you can do with this if you look at the link:
SELECT
DATE_FORMAT(`START_DATE`,'%d-%m-%Y')
AS `START_DATE`
FROM ...
The other option you have is to store your dates in the format that you already want as a char or varchar column.
HOWEVER, as should be obvious, this column will not be treated as storing dates, and so will not give you the correct comparisons in a where clause when using > < BETWEEN or the correct ordering in an order by clause. It is after all just a string of numbers in this case.
However you can then use STR_TO_DATE - link if you did need to use a where or order by on this column to change it back to a date within the query - in this case the second value is the custom format of your 'dates' in the column. Keep in mind with a where you will need to compare it with the correct mysql format as shown below:
SELECT
`START_DATE`
FROM table
WHERE STR_TO_DATE(`START_DATE`,'%d-%m-%Y') BETWEEN '2015-01-01' and '2016-01-01'
In MySQL you can change the format of a date using DATE_FORMAT method which is similar to to_char in Oracle.
DATE_FORMAT(SYSDATE(), '%DD-%MM-%YYYY');
For more information about specifiers check this thread http://www.sqlines.com/oracle-to-mysql/to_char_datetime
You can do what you probably want by creating a view and referring to that instead of the (underlying) table.
CREATE VIEW emp_view AS
SELECT empid,
surname,
sal,
jon,
date_format(start_date, '%d-%m-%Y') as start_date,
date_format(end_date, '%d-%m-%Y') as end_date,
depno
FROM emp;
Note that this changes the type of the date columns to varchar, so comparisons will no longer work as expected:
SELECT * FROM emp_view WHERE start_date > '01-12-1924'; // fails!

Select from MySQL datetime field where the year doesn't matter

I have a MySQL DateTime field which represent opening times.
I want to write a statement that will allow me to select rows from my table independent of the year supplied (Ex. *-12-17 00:00:00)
Try this:
SELECT * FROM table1
WHERE DAYOFMONTH(datecolumn) = 17
AND MONTH(datecolumn) = 12
Reference for DAYOFMONTH.
You did not say what you wanted to choose by if not the year: Go to the MySQL page and choose the correct functions.
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/date-and-time-functions.html

SQL order by and SQL date

I have 2 doubts related to SQL query's
id name update
1 some 2013-05-03
2 som 2013-05-08
3 smee 2013-06-05
How can i list items on a particular month (I want all records,year and date will not be specified I just want to check the month)
How can I arrange name in alphabetic order and arrange it as groups of names such as (limiting number of records =10)
Array A = names starting with A
Array B = names starting with B
The easiest way, to fetch MONTH from a DATE or DATETIME type of fields is to use the MySQL's date-time function MONTH().
For your query, it shall be:
SELECT *
FROM tblName
WHERE MONTH( `update` ) = <month Number such as 5>
The second would need a more complex query. I'd rather use php to do the grouping better(as I've more control over that language).
You can simply use datatype of the field as DATE or you can store any date as unix timestamp and then convert it whenever you want to show it.
Example: 1363979714 (ISO 8601:2013-03-22T19:15:14Z)
If you want list items on a particular date, you can write your query like this:
Month:
Select * from tableName where update like '%-5-%'
day:
Select * from tableName where update like '%-16'
year:
Select * from tableName where update like '2013-%'

Retrieving all records based on a specific month in MySQL

my dates in my table are strings in the format:
"10/12/2009"
Now how would one get all the records from a month, lets say June (number "6" being provided)?
Check the MySQL function STR_TO_DATE.
You should not store dates as string, however. Use the type DATE.
The short answer to your question is that you can use the STR_TO_DATE and MONTH functions to 1) convert the string representation into a DATE, and 2) extract the month component from the date:
SELECT t.*
FROM mytable t
WHERE MONTH(STR_TO_DATE(t.dateasstringcol,'%M/%d/%Y')) = 6
(This is assuming here that by '10/12/2009', you are specifying Oct 12, and not Dec 10. You'd need to adjust the format string if that's not the case.)
Alternatively, if month is indeed the leading part of the date, you could do a simple string comparison, if the month is the leading component:
SELECT t.*
FROM mytable t
WHERE t.dateasstringcol LIKE '6/%'
OR t.dateasstringcol LIKE '06/%'
(You could eliminate one of those predicates, if you have an exact format specified for the striing value representing the date: either if month is always stored as two digits -OR- the month is never stored with a leading zero.)
If you are passing in an argument for the month, e.g. '6', then you could construct your statement something like this:
WHERE t.dateasstringcol LIKE '6' + '/%'
If month is the second component of the date, then you could use:
SELECT t.*
FROM mytable t
WHERE t.dateasstringcol LIKE '%/' + '6' + '/%'
OR t.dateasstringcol LIKE '%/' + '06' + /%'
NOTE:
All of the previous example queries will return rows for June of any year (2009, 2010, 2011)
You can extend those examples, and do something similar with the year, using the YEAR function in place of the MONTH function, or for string comparison
AND t.dateasstringcol LIKE '%/%/2011'
Normally, we'd extract rows for a particular month for a particular year, using a date range, for example:
SELECT t.*
FROM mytable t
WHERE MONTH(STR_TO_DATE(t.dateasstring,'%M/%d/%Y')) >= '2011-06-01'
AND MONTH(STR_TO_DATE(t.dateasstring,'%M/%d/%Y')) < '2011-07-01'
Of course, when the date value is stored as a DATE datatype rather than as a VARCHAR, this means we don't need the STR_TO_DATE and MONTH functions, we can specify a comparison to the native DATE column. This approach allows us to make use of an index on the date column, which can improve query performance on large tables.
SELECT t.*
FROM mytable t
WHERE t.realdatecol >= '2011-06-01'
AND t.realdatecol < '2011-07-01'
The STR_TO_DATE function is your friend here:
SELECT * FROM my_table
WHERE STR_TO_DATE('10/12/2009','%M/%d/%Y') >= '2012-06-01';
MONTH should help here if we want current month or particular month data. e.g:
$month = date('m'); OR particular month.
SELECT * FROM users WHERE MONTH(str_to_date("10/12/2009",'%e/%m/%Y')) = $month;