Print page numbers for table of contents using CSS in Chrome - html

Is there a way to print target page numbers with hyperlinks which linked to various places within the same document?
<h1>Table of Contents</h1>
<ul>
<li>Introduction</li>
</ul>
...
<section id="introduction"> <!-- Appears, for example, on page 3 when printed -->
<h1>Introduction</h1>
...
</section>
So that the output is like:
Table of Contents (page 0)
Introduction.........................3
...
Introduction (page 3)
I only need this to work with the Google Chrome browser when printing to PDF (on OS X).
Is there some CSS or JavaScript trickery which would allow me to achieve this?

It looks like this is part of a new working draft of the CSS specification:
http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/WD-css-gcpm-3-20140513/#cross-references
I doubt that there is any browser support yet...

I have no idea if this will work in a PDF or not, but to answer the question of how this can be done in CSS:
You can generate the numbers using counter-increment on a pseudo element in css:
note that I changed your <ul> to an <ol> as this is an ordered list, whether you use the list-style or not.
ol {
counter-reset: list-counter;
}
li:after {
counter-increment: list-counter;
content: counter(list-counter);
float: right;
}
Making the little dotted line in between the text and the number takes a little more work, but you can achieve that by adding in some extra span elements and using css display: table; and display: table-cell; to lay them out properly:
<ol>
<li><span>Test</span><span class="line"></span></li>
<li><span>Test2</span><span class="line"></span></li>
<li><span>Test3</span><span class="line"></span></li>
</ol>
li {
display: table;
}
li span, li:after {
display: table-cell;
vertical-align: bottom;
}
li span.line {
border-bottom: 1px dotted #000;
width: 100%;
}
Setting the width to 100% on the span.line element, while not setting any width at all forces it to fill all of the remaining space (this is due to table-cell display elements not being allowed to break to new lines, and preventing overflow of content)
See full demo
It's not the cleanest approach to have to add the extra span elements, but it is a bit of a tricky task. Perhaps someone else will be able to take the time to think of a more efficient way to accomplish it? You could always just put an underline under the entire <li>, and skip the extra markup, at the cost of being a little less cool.

Related

How should I structure a navigation bar?

I want to create a navigation bar like this:
How would I structure such a thing? Obviously there should be one external div with a blue background. But what about the child elements? How should they be structured? Thanks.
There is no generalized answer on how to structure a page properly. There are general standards for using technologies, but over all getting your page to present properly is more important then how many or which type of elements you use.
For example if you want your page to auto re-size then you might want to use Divs or Tables. If you want your text to wrap without crossing the entire page, you might want to use a table, or spans...
I can show you some references to floating for CSS... But even in this type of example you could create divs within divs, that are styles appropriately to "taste"; or you could use spans within spans.
http://www.w3schools.com/css/css_float.asp
The major caveat to this explination is that corporate environments will normally have a style guide generated by advertising or marketing that will dictate how the eccomerse or client present sites, and data is represented. This will normally force you to use as an ex: Divs vs Spans.
Each element has a different default display property so I think in this case it depends of the element.
The display property of the span is Inline
– The inline elements line up horizontally as like
Inline Inline Inline
The display property of the div is block
https://iamarunkumar.wordpress.com/2010/02/10/what-is-the-default-display-property-for-span-and-div/
To create a navigation bar, you'll need something like so
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
nav {
background-color: blue;
color: white;
font-family: Arial;
padding: 30px 40px;
}
ul {
list-style-type: none;
}
li {
display: inline-block;
width: 49%;
text-align: right;
}
li.title {
text-align: left;
}
<nav>
<ul>
<li class="title">Welcome to Our World</li>
<li>We Work Best</li>
</ul>
</nav>
This would generally be considered the most common way to structure a nav bar.

How to simulate \hfill with HTML and CSS?

Consider a simple webpage like this one:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html><head><title>Test!</title></head>
<body>
<p>a b c</p>
</body></html>
I'd like to have the a b c formatted as if I wrote a\hfill b\hfill c in TeX. This is: a on the left, then b centered, then c on right; all on the same line. How can I do this?
How you would go about this greatly depends on how you want the spacing to be when there's actually content here. These techniques will work with any tags, I chose a list here for simplicity. If you're using p and span, then replace ul with p and li with span.
<ul>
<li>a</li>
<li>b</li>
<li>c</li>
</ul>
All 3 of these techniques work without modifying the source order. Floats could do the job, but you would have to place c before b for it to work properly.
This technique uses flexbox and assumes that the elements containing a, b, and c are just large enough to contain them and the space between them is equal (if a is larger than b, then b will not be centered). Flexbox has a lot of options to determine behavior regarding wrapping, but the default is to not wrap at all.
http://jsfiddle.net/4g8NY/1/ (prefixes not included)
ul {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
}
Flexbox does not have very widespread support at the moment, due to the fact that IE10 is the first IE version to support it. http://caniuse.com/#search=flexbox
You could use the display: table family along with text-alignment to give the illusion that the elements are distributed in the desired way, but their containers take up 33% of their parent's width. In this example, b should remain perfectly centered regardless of the actual content. Your elements are also equal height and will be forced to appear on the same line no matter what.
Unlike the other techniques, this assumes there will only ever be 3 elements. You'll need to modify the column widths and tinker with which columns should have which alignment each time you add an element.
http://jsfiddle.net/4g8NY/2/
ul {
display: table;
width: 100%;
}
li {
display: table-cell;
width: 33%;
}
li:nth-child(2) {
text-align: center;
}
li:last-child {
text-align: right;
}
Support for this technique is very good, since all of our properties are available in IE8 (IE8 is my official cutoff, IE7 and older are not considered "supported browsers").
The third technique involves using a pseudo element as the last line of the parent element so that we can justify a, b, and c. There is no way to prevent wrapping with this technique if the elements do not fit on the same line.
Unlike the other techniques, additional markup is not necessary. It could just be a p tag like you already have in your example code.
http://jsfiddle.net/4g8NY/3/
ul {
text-align: justify;
}
ul:after {
content: " ";
display: inline-block;
width: 100%;
}
li {
display: inline; /* if you're using an element that's already `inline` like a span, you don't need this */
}
Similar to the above technique, it works in IE8 or better.

How to remove the space between list items [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
How to remove the space between inline/inline-block elements?
(41 answers)
Closed 7 years ago.
How to you get rid of the white space between list items? I am trying to make it so that the images are right next to each other. Even though I have set the styling to margins: 0;, they are still separated.
CSS
ul.frames{
margin: 20px;
width: 410px;
height: 320px;
background-color: grey;
float: left;
list-style-type: none;
}
ul.frames li {
display:inline;
margin: 0;
display: inline;
list-style: none;
}
ul.frames li img {
margin: 0 0 0 0;
}
HTML
<li>
<img id="myImg" src="img.jpg" width="102.5px" height="80px"/>
</li>
<li>
<img id="myImg2" src="img.jpg" width="102.5px" height="80px"/>
</li>
<li>
<img id="myImg3" src="img.jpg" width="102.5px" height="80px"/>
</li>
<li>
<img id="myImg4" src="img.jpg" width="102.5px" height="80px"/>
</li>
Updated Sept. 1st, 2014
In modern browsers, flex-box is the preferred method of doing this. It's as simple as:
ul {
display: flex;
}
See a JSFiddle here.
For legacy browser support refer to the other options below, which are still just fine, albeit slightly more complex.
Though each of the other answers gives at least one good solution, none seem to provide all of the possibilities. And that's what I'll try to do here.
Firstly, to answer your implicit question of why there's spacing, it's there because you've set your LIs to display as inline elements.
inline is the default display value for text and images in all of the browsers that I know of. Inline elements are rendered with spacing between them whenever there's whitespace in your code. This is a good thing when it comes to text: these words that I've typed are spaced apart because of the space I've included in the code. And there's also space between each line. It's this very behavior of inline elements is what makes text on the web readable at all.
But sometimes we want non-text elements to be inline to take advantage of other properties of this display style. And this typically includes a desire for our elements to fit snugly together, quite unlike text. And that seems to be your problem here.
Without further ado, here are all the ways I know of to get rid of the spacing:
Keeping them inline
(Not recommended) Apply negative margin to the LIs to move them over.
li { margin: -4px; }
Note that you'll need to 'guess' the size of a space. This isn't recommended because, as Arthur excellently points out in the comments below, users can change the Zoom of their browser, which would more than likely mess up the rendering of your code. Further, this code requires too much guesswork and calculation. There are better solutions that work under all conditions.
Get rid of the whitespace
<li>One</li><li>Two</li>
Use comments to make the whitespace a comment JSFiddle
<li>One</li><!--
--><li>Two</li>
Skip the closing tag (HTML4 valid / HTML5 Valid) JSFiddle
<li>One
<li>Two
Put the whitespace in the tag itself (Note: Early Internet Explorers will not like this)
<li>One</li
><li>Two</li
>
Take advantage of the fact that the spacing between the elements is calculated as a percentage of the font size of the parent. Consequently, setting the parent's font size to 0 results in no space. Just remember to set a non-zero font-size on the li so that the text itself has a nonzero font size. View on JSFiddle.
Floating them
Float them instead. You'll probably want to clearfix the parent if you do this.
li { float: left; display: block; }
Incredible but no one here has provided the proper solution for this problem.
Just do this:
ul.frames {
font-size: 0;
}
ul.frames li {
font-size: 14px; font-size:1.4rem;
display: inline;
}
Keep in mind that we won't always have access to modify the markup. And trying to remove the spaces from the <li>s with JavaScript would be totally unnecessary when the solution is simply two font-size properties.
Also, floating the <li>s introduces another potential problem: You wouldn't be able center and right align the list items.
If you try to do float:right; on the <li>s then their order will be swapped, meaning: the first item in the list would be last, the second item is the one before the last, and so on.
Check out this other post here in SO: A Space between Inline-Block List Items
You should just remove all the spaces in the ul tags just like this: http://jsfiddle.net/dFRYL/3/
Since the <li> elements are inline, in you write spaces in or between them you will have spaces displayed.
The reason you get the spaces is because you have spaces between the elements (line break)
<ul>
<li>One</li><li>
Two</li><li>
Three</li>
</ul>
You can use negative margins like this:
margin-right: -4px;
margin-bottom: -4px;
Take a look here.
It also works up and down, I added another one to show that here.
Using display:inline; causes whitespace in your HTML to create whitespace when displaying the HTML.
There are two solutions to this:
1) Change how you make them appear inline, I would recommend using floats on all of the list items, then using a clearfix of sorts.
2) Remove all whitespace between your list items, e.g.
<li><img id="myImg" src="http://stephboreldesign.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/lorem-ipsum-logo.jpg" width="102.5px" height="80px"/></li><li><img id="myImg2" src="http://stephboreldesign.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/lorem-ipsum-logo.jpg" width="102.5px" height="80px"/></li><li><img id="myImg3" src="http://stephboreldesign.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/lorem-ipsum-logo.jpg" width="102.5px" height="80px"/></li><li><img id="myImg4" src="http://stephboreldesign.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/lorem-ipsum-logo.jpg" width="102.5px" height="80px"/></li>
Personally I would recommend option 1 (I hate display: inline)
here is my attempt at it. Hope it helps. As Sean Dunwoody mentioned, white space in your html can be a cause of the space, but I've floated the li and made the image to display:block;. Left comment on where I made changes. Hope it helps: http://jsfiddle.net/FJ3nV/
Here my small but main changes:
/*
* Added float left
*/
ul.frames li {
margin: 0;
list-style: none;
float:left;
}
/*
* Moved inline sizing here just to clear up obtrusive html.
* Added display block.
*/
ul.frames li img{width:102px; height:80px; display:block;}
I would change your li elements to inline-block.
One person did not recommend
li { margin: -4px; }
But making a slight change to it will cause it to work even when the font size changes or when the browser zooms in
li{ margin-right: -0.25em; }
That should fix that white space problem completely. However, if you are using a poorly designed font-face that doesn't follow correct letter-height standards then it may cause a problem. However those are harder to find and most of the fonts google hosts don't have that issue.

What HTML/CSS to use for delimited horizontal navigation?

The navigation I'm referring to looks something like this:
home | about | contact
So what's the best and most flexible HTML/CSS to use for this type of navigation? The best thing I can come up with is to wrap the delimiters in a span so that I can control the spacing around them. For example:
home<span>|</span>about
Is that the best approach?
This all comes down to your target browsers, and if validating as strict HTML4.01 is important to you (ie: a boss/committee thinks it's a "big deal") or not.
Personally, for purposes of nav-menus, I go the route of wrapping everything in an unordered list.
If 4.01-compliance is important, I'll wrap that in a div.nav
If html5 is cool (which it is, with an oldIE JS-shim, as long as there are no committees involved), I'll wrap everything in a <nav id="main-nav"> or similar.
<ul><li>home</li><li>about</li></ul>
Then in CSS:
#main-nav li { display : inline-block; list-style : none; }
From there, you can set your padding on each <li> element to whatever you want.
You can use the :after pseudo-selector to inject "|" or any custom image you want, after each one (and you can use the :last-child:after to make sure that there's no image after the last one, if that's what you want).
You can even play around with the a, turning it into a block-element, and playing with padding to make the entire li block clickable, and not just the text.
See the oldIE-compatibility hack here: how to make clickable links bigger, if necessary.
You could simply add a left border to every element, except the first one:
HTML:
​<ul id="nav-list">
<li>Home</li>
<li>Blog</li>
<li>Link</li>
</ul>​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​
With the CSS:
#nav-list li {
display: inline-block;
border-left: 1px solid black;
padding: 4px;
}
#nav-list li:first-child {
border-left: 0;
}
​
See the above code in action on jsfiddle!
​
This is rather cross-browser compatible (IE7+) but it can be easily polyfilled with something like Selectivizr for IE6. Thanks to Rob W for suggesting to use border-left and first-child to reach more browsers!

How to dispay unordered list inline with bullets?

I have an html file with an unordered list. I want to show the list items horizontally but still keep the bullets. No matter what I try, whenever I set the style to inline to meet the horizontal requirement I can't get the bullets to display.
The best option I saw in other answers was to use float:left;. Unfortunately, it doesn't work in IE7 which is a requirement here* — you still lose the bullet. I'm not really keen on using a background image either.
What I'm gonna do instead (that no one else suggested, hence the self-answer) is go with manually adding • to the my html, rather than styling this. It's less than ideal, but it's the most compatible option I found.
edit: *Current readers take note of the original post date. IE7 is unlikely to be a concern anymore.
I had the same problem, but only in Internet Explorer (I tested version 7) - not in Firefox 3 or Safari 3. Using the :before selector works for me:
ul.tabs li {
list-style: none;
float: left;
}
ul.tabs li:before {
content: '\ffed';
margin-right: 0.5em;
}
I'm using a square bullet here, but a normal bullet \2022 would work the same.
You could also use a background image on the <li> elements, with a padding to keep the text from overlapping it.
li {
background-image: url(i/bullet.gif) no-repeat center left;
padding-left: 20px;
display: inline;
}
The browser displays the bullets because the style property "display" is initially set to "list-item". Changing the display property to "inline" cancels all the special styles that list items get. You should be able to simulate it with the :before selector and the content property, but IE (at least through version 7) doesn't support them. Simulating it with a background image is probably the best cross-browser way to do it.
Keep them display blocked, give them a width and float left.
That will make them sit by side, which is like inline, and should maintain the list style.
It's actually a very simple fix. Add the following to the ul:
display:list-item;
Adding this CSS line will add the bullet points.
I was just messing around and I ran into the same issue with the same browser constraints; when I searched for an answer your post came up without the answer. This is probably too late to help you, but I thought for posterity's sake I should post it.
All I did to solve my problem was to embed another list with one item within each list item of the first list; like so...
HTML:
<div class="block-list">
<ul>
<li><ul><li>a</li></ul></li>
<li><ul><li>b</li></ul></li>
<li><ul><li>c</li></ul></li>
</ul>
</div>
CSS:
.block-list > ul > li { display: inline; float: left; }
IE7 Page:
o a o b o c
...it is a dumb solution, but it seems to work.
Did you try float: left on your <li/>? Something like this:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
ul li {
float: left;
margin-left: 2em;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<ul>
<li>test</li>
<li>test2</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
I only tested Firefox 3.0.1, works there. The margin is set because else your bullet overlaps the previous item.
addition:
Be wary that when you float the items you remove them from the normal flow, which in turn causes the <ul/> to have no height. If you want to add a border or something, you'll get weird results.
One way to fix that is to add the following to your styles:
ul {
overflow: auto;
background: #f0f;
}
You may set <ul> as a CSS grid and <li> as cells to get similar layout to inline <li> and keep bullets easily:
ul {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 100px 100px 100px; /* or a smarter width setting */
}
<ul>
<li>item 1</li>
<li>item 2</li>
<li>item 3</li>
</ul>
You could use Character entities, see reference : http://dev.w3.org/html5/html-author/charref
<ul class="inline-list>
<li> &bullet; Your list item </li>
</ul>
In HTML, I added a break after each li like this:
<li>Water is Sacred</li><br>
<li>Water is Sacred</li><br>
<li>Water is Sacred</li><br>
<li>Water is Sacred</li><br>
<li>Water is Sacred</li><br>
<li>Water is Sacred</li><br>
And CSS:
li { float:left; }
Using float: left didn't work very well for me because it made the content box of the ul element 0 pixels high. Flexboxes worked better:
ul {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
li {
margin-right: 24px;
}
You can use following code
li {
background-image: url(img.gif) no-repeat center left;
padding-left: 20px;
display: inline;
}