Introduction
There are many good and well tested recipes for a footer that is always as the bottom of a page but is not fixed (or overlap content). Here is one that works for me: http://ryanfait.com/sticky-footer/
In short it works like follows:
HTML:
<html><body>
<div id="wrapper>SOME CONTENT</div><footer></footer>
</body></html>
CSS:
* {
margin: 0;
}
html, body {
height: 100%;
}
#wrapper {
min-height: 100%;
height: 100%;
margin: 0 auto -4em;
}
footer {
height: 4em;
}
The trick is that #wrapper is forced to use 100% of available height, but is margin bottom leaves some space for a footer (negative margin is exactly the size of the footer).
Problem description
While building a Single Page Application, some javascripts frameworks like Ember.js adds additional divs to our document structure (for example to handle events). This creates an addtional wrapper around our original document which may look like this:
<html><body>
<div class="framework-container">
<div id="wrapper>SOME CONTENT</div><footer></footer>
</div>
</body></html>
This additional div breaks our CSS setup. To improve the situation we want to say that framework-container should behave exactly as body, so we may try to add:
.framework-container {
position: relative;
height: 100%;
min-height: 100%;
}
And it almost work: if the content is smaller than the page height. Otherwise there is a noticeable distance between the footer and bottom of the page - which we cannot accept.
Does anyone know a pure CSS solution to this problem?
I'm not sure if you said the wrapper worked or not, but you can tell Ember to insert the application into a particular element, and it won't insert any elements outside(above) that element.
Set the root Element
App = Em.Application.create({
rootElement: '#body'
});
HTML
<div id="container">
<div id="header">I'm a header</div>
<div id="body"></div>
<div id="footer">I'm a footer</div>
</div>
CSS
html,
body {
margin:0;
padding:0;
height:100%;
}
#container {
min-height:100%;
position:relative;
}
#header {
background:#ff0;
padding:10px;
}
#body {
padding:10px;
padding-bottom:60px; /* Height of the footer */
}
#footer {
position:absolute;
bottom:0;
width:100%;
height:60px; /* Height of the footer */
background:#6cf;
}
http://emberjs.jsbin.com/OPaguRU/1/edit
I totally jacked some of this from: http://matthewjamestaylor.com/blog/keeping-footers-at-the-bottom-of-the-page
Related
Some of my webpages are short. In those pages, the footer might end up in the middle of the window and below the footer is whitespace (in white). That looks ugly. I'd like the footer to be at the bottom of the window and the limited content body just gets stretched.
However, if the webpage is long and you have to scroll to see the footer (or all of it), then things should behave as normal.
What's the proper way to do this with CSS? Do I need Javascript/jQuery to make this happen?
I only care about IE9+ and modern versions of other browsers. The height of the footer can change from page to page too, so I'd like to not rely on the height.
Check out this site. He has a good tutorial on how to do this with css.
I copied his css just in case Matthew's site is taken down.
html,
body {
margin:0;
padding:0;
height:100%;
}
#container {
min-height:100%;
position:relative;
}
#header {
background:#ff0;
padding:10px;
}
#body {
padding:10px;
padding-bottom:60px; /* Height of the footer */
}
#footer {
position:absolute;
bottom:0;
width:100%;
height:60px; /* Height of the footer */
background:#6cf;
}
EDIT
Since the height of the footer is different from page to page, you could get the height of the footer and then adjust the #body padding-bottom with javascript. Here is an example using jquery.
$(function(){
$('#body').css('padding-bottom', $('#footer').height()+'px');
});
Give this a try.
It is a copy of the styles that Github uses to keep it's footer at the bottom of a page. It is a little hacky, and requires you to know the height of your footer (which may not work for your use case)
Markup
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="content"><p>Page Content</p></div>
<div class="footer-push"></div>
</div>
<footer>
<p>footer-text</p>
<img src="http://placekitten.com/100/100" alt="footer image">
</footer>
CSS (well, scss)
// our page element
html {
height:100%;
}
body {
height:100%;
}
.wrapper {
background:gray;
min-height:100%;
height: auto !important; // the magic!
height:100%;
margin-bottom:-158px; // the height of our footer + margin
}
.footer-push {
clear:both;
height:158px; // the height of our footer + margin
}
footer {
background:rgba(#a388a3,0.8);
margin-top:20px;
height:138px;
}
The important things here seem to be:
Setting height: 100% on containing elements (esp html and body)
Knowing the height of your footer, and accounting for it with a "push" element
using the combination of min-height height: auto !important and height:100%
Hope that helps!
HTML
<body>
<div class="example">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur...</p>
</div>
<footer>
<ul>
<li>One</li>
<li>Two</li>
<li>Three</li>
</ul>
</footer>
</body>
CSS
body {
min-height: 100%;
}
footer {
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
}
Considering that all your footer is inside the <footer> html tag, this is an easy solution using jQuery.
JS:
$(document).ready(function(){
$('body').css('padding-bottom', $('footer').height()+'px');
});
CSS:
footer {
position:absolute;
bottom:0;
}
No it's very easy set a minimum for your body height.
like this:
min-height:500px;
then the min height is 500px.
use min-height property, though not entirely reliable as some older versions may not support it. Throw in some javascript if you dont mind.
My html and body elements are not filling 100% of the viewport, which is leaving me with approx 200px of blank space below my footer. I have played with the inspector to try and resolve this problem but nothing is working perfectly.
It is worth noting that I have 3x sidebars that are activated from the top menu (Artists, About, History) and these need to be 100% height too, I feel that this probably has something to do with the issue.
Any help much appreciated, I haven't included any markup here as the problem is quite broad.
Thanks
http://workshop.oakdesignstudio.com/dwl/
The easiest is to give your body position: relative;
So
html{
height: 100%;
}
body{
height 100%;
position: relative;
}
you forgot to give position value to your footer tag.
add this code on line no. 475
footer {
position:absolute;
}
The page structure is really important especially for cross-browser compatibilty. This will help with your sidebars as well;
<body>
<div id="wrapper">
<div id="header"></div>
<div id="content"></div>
<div id="footer"></div>
</div>
</body>
and
html,
body {
margin:0;
padding:0;
height:100%;
}
#wrapper {
min-height:100%;
position:relative;
}
#header {
}
#content {
padding-bottom:100px; /* Height of the footer element */
}
#footer {
width:100%;
height:100px;
position:absolute;
bottom:0;
left:0;
}
Original source http://www.cssreset.com/demos/layouts/how-to-keep-footer-at-bottom-of-page-with-css/
Try it yourself and you'll be thankful for that layout structure!
Some of my webpages are short. In those pages, the footer might end up in the middle of the window and below the footer is whitespace (in white). That looks ugly. I'd like the footer to be at the bottom of the window and the limited content body just gets stretched.
However, if the webpage is long and you have to scroll to see the footer (or all of it), then things should behave as normal.
What's the proper way to do this with CSS? Do I need Javascript/jQuery to make this happen?
I only care about IE9+ and modern versions of other browsers. The height of the footer can change from page to page too, so I'd like to not rely on the height.
Check out this site. He has a good tutorial on how to do this with css.
I copied his css just in case Matthew's site is taken down.
html,
body {
margin:0;
padding:0;
height:100%;
}
#container {
min-height:100%;
position:relative;
}
#header {
background:#ff0;
padding:10px;
}
#body {
padding:10px;
padding-bottom:60px; /* Height of the footer */
}
#footer {
position:absolute;
bottom:0;
width:100%;
height:60px; /* Height of the footer */
background:#6cf;
}
EDIT
Since the height of the footer is different from page to page, you could get the height of the footer and then adjust the #body padding-bottom with javascript. Here is an example using jquery.
$(function(){
$('#body').css('padding-bottom', $('#footer').height()+'px');
});
Give this a try.
It is a copy of the styles that Github uses to keep it's footer at the bottom of a page. It is a little hacky, and requires you to know the height of your footer (which may not work for your use case)
Markup
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="content"><p>Page Content</p></div>
<div class="footer-push"></div>
</div>
<footer>
<p>footer-text</p>
<img src="http://placekitten.com/100/100" alt="footer image">
</footer>
CSS (well, scss)
// our page element
html {
height:100%;
}
body {
height:100%;
}
.wrapper {
background:gray;
min-height:100%;
height: auto !important; // the magic!
height:100%;
margin-bottom:-158px; // the height of our footer + margin
}
.footer-push {
clear:both;
height:158px; // the height of our footer + margin
}
footer {
background:rgba(#a388a3,0.8);
margin-top:20px;
height:138px;
}
The important things here seem to be:
Setting height: 100% on containing elements (esp html and body)
Knowing the height of your footer, and accounting for it with a "push" element
using the combination of min-height height: auto !important and height:100%
Hope that helps!
HTML
<body>
<div class="example">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur...</p>
</div>
<footer>
<ul>
<li>One</li>
<li>Two</li>
<li>Three</li>
</ul>
</footer>
</body>
CSS
body {
min-height: 100%;
}
footer {
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
}
Considering that all your footer is inside the <footer> html tag, this is an easy solution using jQuery.
JS:
$(document).ready(function(){
$('body').css('padding-bottom', $('footer').height()+'px');
});
CSS:
footer {
position:absolute;
bottom:0;
}
No it's very easy set a minimum for your body height.
like this:
min-height:500px;
then the min height is 500px.
use min-height property, though not entirely reliable as some older versions may not support it. Throw in some javascript if you dont mind.
I have a header element and a content element:
#header
#content
I want the header to be of fixed height and the content to fill up all the remaining height available on the screen, with overflow-y: scroll;.
It this possible without Javascript?
forget all the answers, this line of CSS worked for me in 2 seconds :
height:100vh;
1vh = 1% of browser screen height
source
For responsive layout scaling, you might want to use :
min-height: 100vh
[update november 2018]
As mentionned in the comments, using the min-height might avoid having issues on reponsive designs
[update april 2018] As mentioned in the comments, back in 2011 when the question was asked, not all browsers supported the viewport units.
The other answers were the solutions back then -- vmax is still not supported in IE, so this might not be the best solution for all yet.
The trick to this is specifying 100% height on the html and body elements.
Some browsers look to the parent elements (html, body) to calculate the height.
<html>
<body>
<div id="Header">
</div>
<div id="Content">
</div>
</body>
</html>
html, body
{
height: 100%;
}
#Header
{
width: 960px;
height: 150px;
}
#Content
{
height: 100%;
width: 960px;
}
Actually the best approach is this:
html {
height:100%;
}
body {
min-height:100%;
}
This solves everything for me and it helps me to control my footer and it can have the fixed footer no matter if page is being scrolled down.
Technical Solution - EDITED
Historically, 'height' is tricky thing to mold with, compared to 'width', the easiest. Since css focus on <body> for styling to work. The code above - we gave <html> and <body> a height. This is where magic comes into picture - since we have 'min-height' on playing table, we are telling browser that <body> is superior over <html> because <body> holds the min-height. This in turn, allows <body> to override <html> because <html> had height already earlier. In other words, we are tricking browser to "bump" <html> off the table, so we could style independently.
You can use vh on the min-height property.
min-height: 100vh;
You can do as follows, depending on how you are using the margins...
min-height: calc(100vh - 10px) //Considering you're using some 10px margin top on an outside element
The accepted solution will not actually work.
You will notice that the content div will be equal to the height of its parent, body.
So setting the body height to 100% will set it equal to the height of the browser window. Let's say the browser window was 768px in height, by setting the content div height to 100%, the div's height will in turn be 768px. Thus, you will end up with the header div being 150px and the content div being 768px. In the end you will have content 150px below the bottom of the page. For another solution, check out this link.
With HTML5 you can do this:
CSS:
body, html{ width:100%; height:100%; padding: 0; margin: 0;}
header{ width:100%; height: 70px; }
section{ width: 100%; height: calc(100% - 70px);}
HTML:
<header>blabablalba </header>
<section> Content </section>
For me, the next worked well:
I wrapped the header and the content on a div
<div class="main-wrapper">
<div class="header">
</div>
<div class="content">
</div>
</div>
I used this reference to fill the height with flexbox. The CSS goes like this:
.main-wrapper {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
min-height: 100vh;
}
.header {
flex: 1;
}
.content {
flex: 1;
}
For more info about the flexbox technique, visit the reference
Please let me add my 5 cents here and offer a classical solution:
html {height:100%;}
body {height:100%; margin:0;}
#idOuter {position:relative; width:100%; height:100%;}
#idHeader {position:absolute; left:0; right:0; border:solid 3px red;}
#idContent {position:absolute; overflow-y:scroll; left:0; right:0; border:solid 3px green;}
<div id="idOuter">
<div id="idHeader" style="height:30px; top:0;">Header section</div>
<div id="idContent" style="top:36px; bottom:0;">Content section</div>
</div>
This will work in all browsers, no script, no flex. Open snippet in full page mode and resize browser: desired proportions are preserved even in fullscreen mode.
Note:
Elements with different background color can actually cover
each other. Here I used solid border to ensure that elements are placed
correctly.
idHeader.height and idContent.top are adjusted to include border,
and should have the same value if border is not used. Otherwise
elements will pull out of the viewport, since calculated width does
not include border, margin and/or padding.
left:0; right:0; can be replaced by width:100% for the same
reason, if no border used.
Testing in separate page (not as a snippet) does not require any
html/body adjustment.
In IE6 and earlier versions we must add padding-top and/or
padding-bottom attributes to #idOuter element.
To complete my answer, here is the footer layout:
html {height:100%;}
body {height:100%; margin:0;}
#idOuter {position:relative; width:100%; height:100%;}
#idContent {position:absolute; overflow-y:scroll; left:0; right:0; border:solid 3px green;}
#idFooter {position:absolute; left:0; right:0; border:solid 3px blue;}
<div id="idOuter">
<div id="idContent" style="bottom:36px; top:0;">Content section</div>
<div id="idFooter" style="height:30px; bottom:0;">Footer section</div>
</div>
And here is the layout with both header and footer:
html {height:100%;}
body {height:100%; margin:0;}
#idOuter {position:relative; width:100%; height:100%;}
#idHeader {position:absolute; left:0; right:0; border:solid 3px red;}
#idContent {position:absolute; overflow-y:scroll; left:0; right:0; border:solid 3px green;}
#idFooter {position:absolute; left:0; right:0; border:solid 3px blue;}
<div id="idOuter">
<div id="idHeader" style="height:30px; top:0;">Header section</div>
<div id="idContent" style="top:36px; bottom:36px;">Content section</div>
<div id="idFooter" style="height:30px; bottom:0;">Footer section</div>
</div>
You can also set the parent to display: inline. See http://codepen.io/tommymarshall/pen/cECyH
Be sure to also have the height of html and body set to 100%, too.
The accepted answer does not work. And the highest voted answer does not answer the actual question. With a fixed pixel height header, and a filler in the remaining display of the browser, and scroll for owerflow. Here is a solution that actually works, using absolute positioning. I also assume that the height of the header is known, by the sound of "fixed header" in the question. I use 150px as an example here:
HTML:
<html>
<body>
<div id="Header">
</div>
<div id="Content">
</div>
</body>
</html>
CSS:(adding background-color for visual effect only)
#Header
{
height: 150px;
width: 100%;
background-color: #ddd;
}
#Content
{
position: absolute;
width: 100%;
top: 150px;
bottom: 0;
background-color: #aaa;
overflow-y: scroll;
}
For a more detailed look how this works, with actual content inside the #Content, have a look at this jsfiddle, using bootstrap rows and columns.
In this instance I want my main content div to be liquid height so that the whole page takes up 100% of the browser height.
height: 100vh;
Unless you need to support IE 9 and below, I would use flexbox
body { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.header { height: 70px; }
.content { flex: 1 1 0 }
You also need to get body to fill the whole page
body, html{ width:100%; height:100%; padding: 0; margin: 0;}
CSS PLaY | cross browser fixed header/footer/centered single column layout
CSS Frames, version 2: Example 2, specified width | 456 Berea Street
One important thing is that although this sounds easy, there's going to be quite a bit of ugly code going into your CSS file to get an effect like this. Unfortunately, it really is the only option.
#Header
{
width: 960px;
height: 150px;
}
#Content
{
min-height:100vh;
height: 100%;
width: 960px;
}
The best solution I found so far is setting a footer element at the bottom of the page and then evaluate the difference of the offset of the footer and the element we need to expand.
e.g.
The html file
<div id="contents"></div>
<div id="footer"></div>
The css file
#footer {
position: fixed;
bottom: 0;
width: 100%;
}
The js file (using jquery)
var contents = $('#contents');
var footer = $('#footer');
contents.css('height', (footer.offset().top - contents.offset().top) + 'px');
You might also like to update the height of the contents element on each window resize, so...
$(window).on('resize', function() {
contents.css('height', (footer.offset().top -contents.offset().top) + 'px');
});
Have you tried something like this?
CSS:
.content {
height: 100%;
display: block;
}
HTML:
<div class=".content">
<!-- Content goes here -->
</div>
I have 2 DIVs, one containing a map, this one is above the other one. It should take all space available, except for the footer, which is 25px high.
Currently I give the map 95% of the height, and the footer 25px. Problem is when the windows gets really big, the footer becomes enormousness, and when the windows becomes really small, scroll bars kick in.
However, this is not what I want, I want:
#map { height: <window_height - footer_height> }
#footer { height: 25px }
How could I achieve this using only CSS and HTML?
PS. I know there probably are some simple javascript solutions, but for educations sake, I want to know how to do this without javascript.
Have a look at this:
keeping footers at the bottom of the page
All the code is there.
Basically you do this in your HTML:
<html><body>
<div id="container">
<div id="map"></div>
<div id="footer"></div>
</div>
</body></html>
And then in your CSS:
html,
body {
margin:0;
padding:0;
height:100%;
}
#container {
min-height:100%;
position:relative;
}
#map {
padding:10px;
padding-bottom:25px; /* Height of the footer */
}
#footer {
position:absolute;
bottom:0;
width:100%;
height:25px; /* Height of the footer */
}
There are other ways to achieve this and similar effects.
Let know if this is what you wanted.
Hope this helps.