Good evening.
I'm trying to use parallelism for the first time but I don't understand how to call a function within foreach loop.
I get a series of this error: Cannot bind argument to parameter 'Path' because it is null.
This is what I've done so far:
$FolderPath = "C:\myfolder\"
function AppendLog ($client) {
$so = New-CimSessionOption -Protocol 'DCOM'
$s = New-CimSession -ComputerName $client -SessionOption $so
Add-Content -Path (join-path $folderpath "LOGS.txt") -Value ( (get-date -Format "[yyyy.MM.dd HH:mm:ss]").tostring() + $client + " -PING: OK")
$arch = Get-CimInstance –query "select * from win32_operatingsystem" -CimSession $s | select -expandproperty osarchitecture
Add-Content -Path (join-path $folderpath "LOGS.txt") -Value ( (get-date -Format "[yyyy.MM.dd HH:mm:ss]").tostring() + $client + " -ARCH:" + $arch )
$lastboot = Get-CimInstance –query "select * from win32_operatingsystem" -CimSession $s | select -expandproperty lastbootuptime
Add-Content -Path (join-path $folderpath "LOGS.txt") -Value ( (get-date -Format "[yyyy.MM.dd HH:mm:ss]").tostring() + $client + " -BOOT:" + $lastboot )
}
$funcDef = $function:AppendLog.ToString()
$clients = get-content -path (join-path $folderPath "client.txt")
$clients | ForEach-Object -parallel {
if (test-connection $_ -count 2 -Quiet)
{
$function:AppendLog = $using:funcDef
AppendLog ($_)
}
} -throttlelimit 3
Could you explain me how to pass my path?
My bad on the comment, the error you're getting is most likely coming from your function. The error is being thrown by Join-Path:
PS /> Join-Path $null 'Logs.txt'
Join-Path : Cannot bind argument to parameter 'Path' because it is null.
At line:1 char:11
+ Join-Path $null 'Logs.txt'
+ ~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidData: (:) [Join-Path], ParameterBindingValidationException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : ParameterArgumentValidationErrorNullNotAllowed,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.JoinPathCommand
The reason is because $FolderPath doesn't exist in the scope of your parallel loop. $folderpath should be replace with $using:folderpath inside your function.
As a side note, adding information to the same file on a parallel execution doesn't seem to be a good idea.
Last edit, I understand if this is meant to test how ForEach-Object -Parallel works but again, if the cmdlet allows remote querying / remote execution with multiple hosts at the same time, let the cmdlet handle that for you, it is more efficient.
As for the code, this is what I would use with what you already have:
$FolderPath = "C:\myfolder\"
$sessionOption = New-CimSessionOption -Protocol 'DCOM'
$clients = Get-Content -Path (Join-Path $FolderPath -ChildPath "Client.txt")
$results = $clients | ForEach-Object -Parallel {
$out = #{
Time = [datetime]::Now.ToString('[yyyy.MM.dd HH:mm:ss]')
ComputerName = $_
}
if ($ping = Test-Connection $_ -Count 2 -Quiet)
{
$session = New-CimSession -ComputerName $_ -SessionOption $using:sessionOption
$OSInfo = Get-CimInstance -CimSession $session -ClassName win32_operatingSystem
Remove-CimSession $session
}
$out.Ping = $ping
$out.Arch = $OSInfo.OSArchitecture
$out.LastBoot = $OSInfo.LastBootUpTime
[pscustomobject]$out
} -ThrottleLimit 3
$results | Export-Csv "$myFolder\LOGS.csv" -NoTypeInformation
This will output an object like this below:
Time ComputerName Ping OSArchitecture LastBoot
---- ------------ ---- -------------- --------
[2021.06.19 20:06:00] ComputerName01 True 64-bit 6/16/2021 11:47:16 AM
[2021.06.19 20:07:00] ComputerName02 False
[2021.06.19 20:08:00] ComputerName03 True 64-bit 6/13/2021 11:47:16 AM
[2021.06.19 20:09:00] ComputerName04 True 64-bit 6/14/2021 11:47:16 AM
[2021.06.19 20:10:00] ComputerName05 True 64-bit 6/15/2021 11:47:16 AM
Which can be exported nicely to a CSV instead of a text file. P.D.: sorry for the syntax highlighting :(
I've created a function "Query-ComDomElements.ps1" to query HTML objects.
This works quite well when querying only one object and querying that again.
When I try calling it in recursion it however fails and I don't understand why. The code/objects is/are the very same.
Could anyone please enlighten me why the query .container>img is not working, but querying .container and with that img is?
The error I get when querying both (and thus calling the function recursively) is:
Exception calling "InvokeMember" with "5" argument(s): "Unknown name. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80020006 (DISP_E_UNKNOWNNAME))"
At C:\path\to\Query-ComDomElements.ps1:31 char:5
+ ... $result = [System.__ComObject].InvokeMember("getElementsB ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [], MethodInvocationException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : COMException
Here my sample script (function Query-ComDomElements.ps1 not included but on github):
. C:\path\to\Query-ComDomElements.ps1
$ie = New-Object -ComObject "InternetExplorer.Application"
$ie.Navigate2("https://www.gpunktschmitz.de/")
while($ie.Busy) {
Start-Sleep -Seconds 1
}
#this works
$imgContainer = Query-ComDomElements -Query '.container' -Dom $ie.Document
$image = Query-ComDomElements -Query 'img' -Dom $imgContainer -Property 'src'
#this fails
$image = Query-ComDomElements -Query '.container>img' -Dom $ie.Document -Property 'src'
$ie.quit()
I think the problem is occurring because $dom ends up being an array with two elements when it is passed in on the second iteration. One (dirty) fix for this would be to use Select-Object to just get the first element (suggest using Select rather than [0] so that if its not an array it doesn't error):
if($SecondQuery -eq $false) {
if($Property -ne $false -and $Property -ne '*') {
return $result.$Property
} else {
return $result
}
} else {
return Query-ComDomElements -Query $SecondQuery -Dom ($result | select -first 1) -Property $Property
}
Been trying all day to import my CSV file to my AD on Windows Server 2012.
But keep getting all kind of errors.
The error I get is this:
"New-ADUser : Cannot validate argument on parameter 'Name'. The argument is null
or empty. Provide an argument that is n ot null or empty, and then try the
command again.
At line:3 char:90
+ ... ipalname -Name $_.name -DisplayName $_.name -GivenName $_.cn -SurName $_.sn -Dep ...
+ ~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidData: (:) [New-ADUser], ParameterBindingValidationException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : ParameterArgumentValidationError,Microsoft.ActiveDirectory.Management.Commands.NewADUsery
Can't seem to find any solution to this, so some help would be great. Here is my files.
This is my script:
Import-Csv .\nb1.csv | ForEach-Object {
$userprincipalname = $_.SamAccountName + "#hirethistire.local"
New-ADUser -SamAccountName $_.SamAccountName -UserPrincipalName $userprincipalname -Name $_.name -DisplayName $_.name -GivenName $_.cn -SurName $_.sn -Department $_.Department -Path "CN_Users,DC=HireThisTire,DC=local"-AccountPassword (ConvertTo-SecureString "Microsoft~1;" -AsPlainText -force) -Enabled $true -PasswordNeverExpires $true -PassThru
}
Sample Of the CSV File:
I want to add the profile pictures of the exchange to our users in Active Directory.
I tried to do this in Powershell, but cause I'm pretty new to Powershell i'm already stucking.
My Script:
$Name = #()
$Photo = #()
Import-Csv C:\temp\adusers.csv |
ForEach-Object {
$Name += $_.DisplayName
}
Import-Csv C:\temp\photolinks.csv |
ForEach-Object {
$Photo += $_.PSChildName
}
$Name | ForEach-Object {
Where $Photo -Like "*$Name*" {
Set-UserPhoto "$Name" -PictureData ([System.IO.File]::ReadAllBytes("F:\1 path\" + $Photo))
}
}
I created a ps script to get all our AD Users before and I created a list of our userphotos with gci before as well. I exported those results in a csv and I now want to import thos data and tell Powershell add for every User in the List adusers a photo with Set-UserPhoto.
The error message I got is the following:
Where-Object : A positional parameter cannot be found that accepts argument 'System.Object[]'.
At C:\Users\user1\Desktop\setuserphoto.ps1:14 char:13
+ Where $Photo -Like "*$Name*" {
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidArgument: (:) [Where-Object], ParameterBindingException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : PositionalParameterNotFound,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WhereObjectCommand
Can anyone help me here?
I've written the following PS script to delete log files from specific server paths. I'm a novice to PS but I'm getting some errors with a few of the functions that I have written in this script:
#* FileName: FileCleaner.ps1
#Clear the screen
Clear
#Read XML Config File to get settings
[xml]$configfile = Get-Content "C:\Users\pmcma\Documents\Projects\Replace FileCleaner with PowerShell Script\FileCleaner.config.xml"
#Declare and set variables from Config values
$hostServer = $configfile.Settings.HostServer
$dirs = #($configfile.Settings.DirectoryName.Split(",").Trim())
$scanSubDirectories = $configfile.Settings.ScanSubDirectories
$deleteAllFiles = $configfile.Settings.deleteAllFiles
$fileTypesToDelete = #($configfile.Settings.FileTypesToDelete.Split(";").Trim())
$liveSiteLogs = $configfile.Settings.LiveSiteLogs
$fileExclusions = #($configfile.Settings.FileExclusions.Split(";").Trim())
$retentionPeriod = $configfile.Settings.RetentionPeriod
$AICLogs = $configfile.Settings.AICLogs
$AICLogsRententionPeriod = $configfile.Settings.AICLogsRententionPeriod
$fileCleanerLogs = $configfile.Settings.FileCleanerLogs
$fileCleanerLogsRententionPeriod = $configfile.Settings.FileCleanerLogsRententionPeriod
#Setup FileCleaner output success logfiles
$successLogfile = $configfile.Settings.SuccessOutputLogfile
$dirName = [io.path]::GetDirectoryName($successLogfile)
$filename = [io.path]::GetFileNameWithoutExtension($successLogfile)
$ext = [io.path]::GetExtension($successLogfile)
$successLogfile = "$dirName\$filename$(get-date -Format yyyy-MM-dd)$ext"
#Setup FileCleaner output error logfiles
$errorLogfile = $configfile.Settings.ErrorOutputLogfile
$dirName = [io.path]::GetDirectoryName($errorLogfile)
$filename = [io.path]::GetFileNameWithoutExtension($errorLogfile)
$ext = [io.path]::GetExtension($errorLogfile)
$errorLogfile = "$dirName\$filename$(get-date -Format yyyy-MM-dd)$ext"
#Setup Retention Period
$LastWrite = (Get-Date).AddDays(-$retentionPeriod)#.ToString("d")
$AICLastWrite = (Get-Date).AddDays(-$AICLogsRententionPeriod)#.ToString("d")
$fileCleanerLastWrite = (Get-Date).AddDays(-$fileCleanerLogsRententionPeriod)
#EMAIL SETTINGS
$smtpServer = $configfile.Settings.SMTPServer
$emailFrom = $configfile.Settings.EmailFrom
$emailTo = $configfile.Settings.EmailTo
$emailSubject = $configfile.Settings.EmailSubject
#Update the email subject to display the Host Server value
$emailSubject -replace "HostServer", $hostServer
$countUnaccessibleUNCPaths = 0
#Check Logfiles exists, if not create them
if(!(Test-Path -Path $successLogfile))
{
New-Item -Path $successLogfile –itemtype file
}
if(!(Test-Path -Path $errorLogfile))
{
New-Item -Path $errorLogfile –itemtype file
}
foreach ($dir in $dirs)
{
#needs a check to determine if server/the UNC Path is accessible. If it fails to connect, it needs to move on to the next UNC share but a flag needs to
#be generate to alert us to investigate why the UNC share was not accessible during the job run.
If(Test-Path -Path $dir)
{
#write to output logfile Directory info
$Msg = Write-Output "$(Get-Date -UFormat "%D / %T") - Accessing: $dir"
$Msg | out-file $successLogfile
If ($scanSubDirectories -eq "True")
{
If ($deleteAllFiles -eq "True")
{
#ScanSubDirectories and delete all files older than the $retentionPeriod, include Sub-Directories / also forces the deletion of any hidden files
$logFiles = Get-ChildItem -Path $dir -Force -Recurse -Exclude $fileExclusions[0],$fileExclusions[1] | Where { $_.LastWriteTime -le "$LastWrite" }
DeleteLogFiles($logFiles)
#foreach($logFile in $logFiles)
#{
# if($logFile -ne $null)
# {
# $Msg = Write-Output "$("Deleting File $logFile")"
# $Msg | out-file $successLogfile -append
# Remove-Item $logFile.FullName -Force
# }
#}
}
Else
{
#"ScanSubDirectories but only delete specified file types."
$logFiles = Get-Childitem $dir -Include $fileTypesToDelete[0],$fileTypesToDelete[1],$fileTypesToDelete[2], $liveSiteLogs -Recurse -Exclude $fileExclusions[0],$fileExclusions[1] | Where {$_.LastWriteTime -le "$LastWrite"}
DeleteLogFiles($logFiles)
#foreach($logFile in $logFiles)
#{
# if($logFile -ne $null)
# {
# $Msg = Write-Output "$("Deleting File $logFile")"
# $Msg | out-file $successLogfile -append
# Remove-Item $logFile.FullName -Force
# }
#}
}
}
Else
{
#Only delete files in top level Directory
If ($deleteAllFiles -eq "True")
{
$logFiles = Get-ChildItem -Path $dir -Force -Exclude $fileExclusions[0],$fileExclusions[1] | Where { $_.LastWriteTime -le "$LastWrite" }
DeleteLogFiles($logFiles)
#foreach($logFile in $logFiles)
#{
# if($logFile -ne $null)
# {
# $Msg = Write-Output "$("Deleting File $logFile")"
# $Msg | out-file $successLogfile -append
# Remove-Item $logFile.FullName -Force
# }
#}
}
Else
{
$logFiles = Get-Childitem $dir -Include $fileTypesToDelete[0],$fileTypesToDelete[1],$fileTypesToDelete[2], $liveSiteLogs -Exclude $fileExclusions[0],$fileExclusions[1] | Where {$_.LastWriteTime -le "$LastWrite"}
DeleteLogFiles($logFiles)
#foreach($logFile in $logFiles)
#{
# if($logFile -ne $null)
# {
# $Msg = Write-Output "$("Deleting File $logFile")"
# $Msg | out-file $successLogfile -append
# Remove-Item $logFile.FullName -Force
# }
#}
}
}
}
Else
{
$countUnaccessibleUNCPaths++
#server/the UNC Path is unaccessible
$Msg = Write-Output "$(Get-Date -UFormat "%D / %T") Unable to access $dir."
$Msg | out-file $errorLogfile -append
}
# Call the function to Delete the AIC XML Logfiles
DeleteAICXMLLogs $dir
}
#If any of the directories were unaccessible send an email to alert the team
if($countUnaccessibleUNCPaths.count -gt 0)
{
# Call the function to send the email
SendEmail $emailSubject $emailFrom $emailTo
}
#Only keep 2 weeks worth of the FileCleaner App logs for reference purposes
If(Test-Path -Path $fileCleanerLogs)
{
#write to output logfile Directory info
$Msg = Write-Output "$(Get-Date -UFormat "%D / %T") - Accessing: $fileCleanerLogs"
$Msg | out-file $successLogfile
$fileCleanerLogs = Get-Childitem $fileCleanerLogs -Recurse | Where {$_.LastWriteTime -le "$fileCleanerLastWrite"}
DeleteLogFiles($fileCleanerLogs)
#foreach($fileCleanerLog in $fileCleanerLogs)
#{
# if($fileCleanerLog -ne $null)
# {
# $Msg = Write-Output "$("Deleting File $fileCleanerLog")"
# $Msg | out-file $successLogfile -append
# Remove-Item $fileCleanerLog.FullName -Force
# }
#}
}
Function DeleteLogFiles($logFiles)
{
foreach($logFile in $logFiles)
{
if($logFile -ne $null)
{
$Msg = Write-Output "$("Deleting File $logFile")"
$Msg | out-file $successLogfile -append
Remove-Item $logFile.FullName -Force
}
}
}
Function DeleteAICXMLLogs($dir)
{
#Split the UNC path $dir to retrieve the server value
$parentpath = "\\" + [string]::join("\",$dir.Split("\")[2])
#test access to the \\server\D$\DebugXML path
If(Test-Path -Path $parentpath$AICLogs)
{
$Msg = Write-Output "$(Get-Date -UFormat "%D / %T") - Accessing: $parentpath$AICLogs"
$Msg | out-file $successLogfile
#Concantenate server value to $AICLogs to delete all xml logs in \\server\D$\DebugXML with a retention period of 30Days
$XMLlogFiles = Get-ChildItem -Path $parentpath$AICLogs -Force -Include $fileTypesToDelete[3]-Recurse -Exclude $fileExclusions[0],$fileExclusions[1] | Where { $_.LastWriteTime -le "$AICLastWrite" }
#get each file and add the filename to be deleted to the successLogfile before deleting the file
DeleteLogFiles($XMLlogFiles)
#foreach($XMLlogFile in $XMLlogFiles)
#{
# if($XMLlogFile -ne $null)
# {
# $Msg = Write-Output "$("Deleting File $XMLlogFile")"
# $Msg | out-file $successLogfile -append
# Remove-Item $XMLlogFile.FullName -Force
# }
#}
}
Else
{
$Msg = Write-Output "$("$parentpath$AICLogs does not exist.")"
$Msg | out-file $successLogfile -append
}
}
Function SendEmail($emailSubject, $emailFrom, $emailTo)
{
$MailMessage = New-Object System.Net.Mail.MailMessage
$SMTPClient = New-Object System.Net.Mail.smtpClient
$SMTPClient.host = $smtpServer
$Recipient = New-Object System.Net.Mail.MailAddress($emailTo, "Recipient")
$Sender = New-Object System.Net.Mail.MailAddress($emailFrom, "Sender")
$MailMessage.Sender = $Sender
$MailMessage.From = $Sender
$MailMessage.Subject = $emailSubject
$MailMessage.Body = #"
This email was generated because the FileCleaner script was unable to access some UNC Paths, please refer to $errorLogfile for more information.
Please inform the Team if you plan to resolve this.
This is an automated email please do not respond.
"#
$SMTPClient.Send($MailMessage)
}
when debugging I'm getting these errors:
DeleteAICXMLLogs : The term 'DeleteAICXMLLogs' is not recognized as
the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program.
Check the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify
that the path is correct and try again. At
C:\Users\pmcma\Documents\Projects\Replace FileCleaner with PowerShell
Script\FileCleaner.ps1:158 char:5
+ DeleteAICXMLLogs $dir
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : ObjectNotFound: (DeleteAICXMLLogs:String) [], CommandNotFoundException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : CommandNotFoundException
SendEmail : The term 'SendEmail' is not recognized as the name of a
cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling
of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is
correct and try again. At C:\Users\pmcma\Documents\Projects\Replace
FileCleaner with PowerShell Script\FileCleaner.ps1:164 char:5
+ SendEmail $emailSubject $emailFrom $emailTo
+ ~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : ObjectNotFound: (SendEmail:String) [], CommandNotFoundException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : CommandNotFoundException
DeleteLogFiles : The term 'DeleteLogFiles' is not recognized as the
name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check
the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the
path is correct and try again. At
C:\Users\pmcma\Documents\Projects\Replace FileCleaner with PowerShell
Script\FileCleaner.ps1:175 char:5
+ DeleteLogFiles($fileCleanerLogs)
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : ObjectNotFound: (DeleteLogFiles:String) [], CommandNotFoundException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : CommandNotFoundException
I don't see anything wrong with how I'm declaring the functions or calling them. Any ideas why this script is failing?
PowerShell Scripts are read from the top to the bottom, so you can't use any references before they are defined, most probably that is why you are receiving errors.
Try adding your function definition blocks above the point where you call them.
Alternatively you can make a function having global scope. Just preface the function name with the keyword global: like,
function global:test ($x, $y)
{
$x * $y
}
I've had this happen as well. Try placing the functions before the business logic. This is a script, not compiled code. So the functions are yet to be declared before you are calling them.