I always see websites that has a link that says #top or #bottom that takes you to the top or bottom of the page. Can someone please tell me how I can use it on my website. I already tried saying <a href="#top"> or <a href="#bottom"> but it did not work.
This depends on what exactly you would like to be treated as top and bottom. To link to the very start of the page, you can use the URL #, as in Start of page. To link to some specific element near the start, assign an id attribute to it, e.g. <h1 id="top">Main heading</h1>, and use that attribute value in a link, e.g. Start of page.
The bottom is a bit more tricky, since there is no predefined URL for it, and although you can use the id technique, the URL will refer to the start of the element. You could deal with this using an empty element at the very end of document body:
Last piece of real content.
<div id="bottom"></div>
</body>
</html>
Then you would use e.g. End of page.
However, normally links to start of page are worse than useless, and links to end of page are no better. Every browser provides a simple way of getting to the start or to the end of any page.
Hashing with an id will take you to the equivalent element with the id on the page.
So if you have a div like so:
<div id="top"></div>
and an anchor as such:
Go to top div
Clicking the anchor will take you to that divs place in the DOM.
Quite simple if a user is at the bottom of the page show them
Go to the top
Or if they are at the top of the page show them
Go to bottom
Related
I see these lines of code in some professional developer's project:
<a href="###">
...
</a>
What is the use of three # instead of one?
That's usually written when you want your anchor tag to not change the href. For instance if you want to attach an event on it later on.
It doesn't matter how many # you are using. The href='#' will make the page jump to the top of the page if clicked.
My preferred way is doing <a href="javascript:void(0);". That way the click does absolutely nothing, instead of jumping the page up.
The first thing about "anchor tags"...
This use of ### in particular is to create a links that don't go anywhere, and to do that the href attribute must have a value. Please read the href W3C spec page for more info about that.
Browsers render default styles for elements and will change the default style of an anchor tag that doesn't have the href property. Instead, it will be considered like regular text. It even changes the browser's behavior with regard to the element. The status bar (bottom of the screen) will not be displayed when hovering an anchor without the href property. It is most optimal, then, to use a placeholder href value on an anchor to ensure it is treated as a hyperlink.
I've often seen <a href="#">, and <a href="##"> , a hashtag - # within a hyperlink specifies an html element id to which the window should be scrolled.
href="#some_id" would scroll to an element on the current page such as <div id="some_id">.
href="//example.com/#some_id" would go to example.com and scroll to the id on that page.
href="#" doesn't specify an id name, but does have a corresponding location - the top of the page. Clicking an anchor with href="#" will move the scroll position to the top.
So, when you use <a href="###"> this create a links but it doesn't go anywhere. You can use it from "##","###" and more of hashtag to create a links like a "Hyperlinks" but they take you nowhere.
My Conclusion:
So, what is the use of it?
You use it when you need a hyperlink that doesn't go anywhere. It's just to tell the browsers to change the style to an anchor tag.
Check this JSFiddle demo
As Bhuiyan's answer said, it is a variation on the href="#" trick...
Goal
So, to explain that trick. The trick is to work around the fact that Anchor tags are only rendered as links if they have a target to link to (see this example). The goal is to create a link that looks like a link, but doesn't actually go anywhere.
How it works
The href="#" idiom is taking advantage of the fact that anchors can specify a specific element as a target by using the href="#{other element identifier}]" notation. When you do this the browser will not redirect or reload the page, but instead scroll to that element. So when you specify href="#" you are essentially telling the browser that this is a link, but since there is no valid target element please don't do anything when it is clicked.
Note: It would work just as effectively to say href="#mybogusid" but then you would see #mybogusid appended to the url. Gross.
TL;DR of it all: <a href="###"> is just a way to make the browser render the anchor tag like a link, but not navigate anywhere on click.
I think this is same as Go to link that person just used three "###" instead of one "#". we can use more # if we want.
It was very useful when i had button and js click event. With '#' it scrolled to top every time i pressed the button, but with '###' it stayed in place as needed!
I want to have a "Go Top" button at the bottom of my page. I don't want to use JavaScript to scroll up (what if the browser doesn't support JavaScript?). Anyone have a good idea? Thanks ahead!
The URL # refers to the start of the document, as per URL specifications. There is no corresponding construct for the end of a document, and it would hardly make sense to jump to the end, as there is nothing to be seen after it; rather, you might wish to link to some element at the end of a document; use a normal id attribute for that.
“Back to top” links are generally useless or worse. But if you really want to use them, you can use just
Start of page
Use id on body element
<body id="scroll_here">
And than use an anchor tag like
Scroll to top
Demo (Scroll down for top button)
It is not necessary to call an id on body element, you can also place an empty span or div element following <body> tag at the top, with the same id and it will work for you.
I have an image that, when clicked I'd like to take the user to the top of the page (it's a "back to top" link.)
I have linked the image using an ID to my 'navigation' div using the code below, as I have been told is the correct way to do so, but it does nothing.
Live site
HTML
<div id="navigation">
stuff in here
</div>
and
<!-- Back to top link -->
<div class="bottom">
<a href="#navigation">
<img src="images/back_top.png" />
</a>
</div>
This doesn't seem to do anything though, I thought the name attribute was deprecated and thus id's should be used instead but this doesn't do anything?
Since your #navigation element is positioned with position: fixed it is always on screen. You need to link to an element that will stay at the top of the document.
You could add in another element, or add an id to the body. Alternatively, change the position of the navigation so it stays in flow. Or, you could use JavaScript to animate a scroll to the top (e.g. with jQuery .animate and the scrollTop property).
Put this:
<a name="top"> </a>
right after/before your navigation div.
Then, change
<a href="#navigation">
to
<a href="#top">
P.S.: After looking at page-source, I'd suggest you put it just after the <body> tag.
you have linked it to something which stays already on the screen(Fixed positioned). link it something which is not fixed positioned .
Just to throw this out there for people coming along reading this... Linking to an A NAME is deprecated and not a best practice... Linking to an ID is the best way to go in the long run.
http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/struct/links.html
I have markup like this on somepage.html:
<div class='someclass' id='hashtag1'>
<h1>somecontent</h1>
</div>
<div class='someclass' id='hashtag2'>
<h1>somecontent</h1>
</div>
<div class='someclass' id='hashtag3'>
<h1>somecontent</h1>
</div>
And links like this on another page (let's call it someotherpage.html):
<a href='somepage.html#hashtag1'>first content div</a>
<a href='somepage.html#hashtag2'>second content div</a>
<a href='somepage.html#hashtag3'>third content div</a>
However when I click on one of these links I don't see the expected behaviour - the page loads as normal but the scrollTop of the window doesn't match these divs. I've tried changing the IDs as they had hyphens in the to start with, this didn't make any difference - I've also tried changing what element the ID is on, i.e changed the <h1> to have the ID, then changed the <h1> to an anchor, but no luck.
When I'm already on the page, if I edit the hasthag and hit enter, it works as expected - changing the scrolltop of the window to the element with the ID of the hashtag without refreshing the page - but it doesn't work on the first hit.
Am I missing something obvious here?
EDIT:
Using FF 9.0.1 on Mac OSX
Turned JS off using web developer toolbar
changing or removing CSS doesn't seem to make any difference
UPDATE:
This works fine if I enable javascript - which is exactly when it doesn't need to work.
I have this as a catch for users with no javascript / disabled js. WTF, firefox?
Given your specific example, it seems to me that the scrollTop only changes when the page is already long enough to require scrolling.
When all the content is in view, the scrollTop position remains at the top of the document however when the page requires some scrolling, the scrollTop scrolls as far as the document can already scroll.
If scrolling to the required ID does not exceed the total possible scroll position, then the element in question will apear at the top of the page, otherwise the document will only scroll to it's maximum (based on its content).
Hashtags don't work with ids. You have to put a tags like this: <a name="foo"></a>. Then you can link to them using go to foo. Same goes for linking between multiple pages.
Every web page load from top to bottom means first my header will be loaded then content and finally footer. How can i make it to load from bottom to up.means first footer then content and then finally header content.
Are you getting what i am trying to say.??
OR
to make it load from right to left OR
left to right..
This is probably one of the more bizarre questions I've seen here...
You cannot change the order in which the browser loads the file, it will always start at the beginning and read to the end. However, if you change the order of the file such that the footer is first and the header is last, the browser will render it in that order. As long as the CSS places each element in the correct place, it should work.
This will probably have some strange side effects since the browser will have to rerender or move elements several times as it moves the footer down the page to make room for the elements above it.
Is there really a need for this? Web pages generally load fast enough that users won't notice what direction they load in, and if your page isn't loading that fast, then I would focus on finding out why instead of trying to render it in a different order.
A web page is HTML + additional files.
The HTML file is loaded and read start-to-finish. When it gets to a point in the file where it requests another file (such as CSS, .JS, an image, etc.) it then sends a request to get that image.
You have control over that in that you can rearrange your HTML any way you want to.
What you don't have control over is how long it takes to request and then retrieve each of the individual files.
If you want full control, then you pretty much need to load everything but keep it hidden, and then reveal the items in the order you want them to appear via javascript and CSS.
All that said, though, the better answer is "No. You can't. That's just how the web works".
If this is for some kind of cool effect on your page, you could check out Page Transitions. These only work in IE though. If that is the case, it looks like you want the Wipe effect.
If you want it to just look like its loading from bottom to top then you could hide everything with css in the header and then have javascript unhide them starting from the bottom of the page - but I really don't know why you'd want to do this. Can you give us some more information on the effect you're trying to create?
Visually, you could get the sort of effect where one would see the content before the header by putting the header after the content in the HTML output then use CSS to make the header appear first visually.
If you want to scroll your content in somehow, I'd check out jquery and animations.
Assumption 1: Load content before styles/javascript.
In this assumption you care about the page loading first THEN the css/javascript executing thus allowing the user to get the content before all scripts/styles load and thus speed up the usability of the page.
To accomplish this put the style/script tags as the last elements in your body.
Assumption 2: Bizarro-world loading.
In this assumption you want the footer loaded/displayed first, then content, then header in that exact order.
1) The html head element will load before the body. No way to change that. Header = page header in my wording.
2) Use the following html pseudocode
<html>
<head></head>
<body>
<div id="footer"></div>
<div id="content"></div>
<div id="header"></div>
</body>
</html>
And in your css float everything to the right having them take up 100% width. This will cause the page to load backwards but when it is displayed it will be displayed appropriately.
#header,#footer,#content { width: 100%; float: right; }