I'm trying to style my navbar and work on its aesthetics but I think I'm missing a trick. The darken which happens on the hover is too big for my liking, but the only size change I can do is an overall padding which doesn't allow fine tuning.
I've spent the last 2 hours looking for a solution and I'm stumped. I bet it's something simple and I'm just not seeing it.
#navbar {
background-color: #333;
position: fixed;
top: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 6%;
transition: top 0.3s;
z-index: 2;
}
#navbar a {
float: left;
display: block;
color: white;
margin: 10px;
padding: 10px;
text-align: center;
text-decoration: none;
border-radius: 30px;
}
#navbar a:hover {
background-color: #ddd;
color: black;
height: 6%;
border: 1px inset #000000;
}
<div id="navbar">
<div class=buttonContainer>
<div class="homeBorder">
Home </div>
Skills
Projects
About
Contact
</div>
</div>
Right now, your code does not show any "darkening" but I hope I still understood your question correctly: You want the background of the navbar links to be of a certain color on hover but the area is too big, especially in height?
You are right, your issue is caused by the 10px-padding that you have set on your link elements. I would recommend you to reduce the padding to maybe 5px to achieve the height you would like to see on hover (same padding for normal and hover, otherwise the links "jump" on hover). You could then wrap all links in an additional div to make universal changes or you could simply work with margins instead. I would also recommend not setting a specific height on the navbar but letting the elements inside determine its height by using padding and margin.
What always helps me when dealing with spacing in CSS, is adding differently colored backgrounds to ALL of the elements involved as to understand their behavior and to test my code.
In case there is a specific reason why you cannot reduce the padding, then please edit your question and make your requirements clearer.
Btw, there is one fatal error in your code:
<div class=buttonContainer>
should be:
<div class="buttonContainer">
(quotes!!)
...and ideally it should be:
<div class="button-container">
as it's not best practise to use camel case in CSS as opposed to JS or other programming languages.
My div tag seems to be having a margin towards the top between the div and the body tag
body {
margin: 0px;
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 14px;
color: #333;
background-color: green;
border: 2px solid black;
}
div.container {
max-width: 920px;
height: 100%;
margin: 0px auto;
padding-left: 20px;
padding-right: 20px;
background-color: #e1e1e1;
display: block;
//border: 2px dotted black;
}
Here are my two css for body and div, if I include the border code in the div tag then the color is blue all the way till the top otherwise there is margin of green inbetween the div and the body tag.
How do I remove this margin without using a border ?
Browsers may have built-in styles which can make some difference in some cases. These built-in styles may include paddings, margins, other kinds of spacings, styles for tables, etc.
Here is a project which when included, normalizes every style which may be applied by the browser. https://necolas.github.io/normalize.css/
As far as I know, every CSS framework use this technique too.
If that doesn't solve your issue, try to use Chrome Dev Tools or other debugging tool to check the actual DOM. The tool can provide you information about actual paddings, margins, and dimensions. For Chrome, right click your page and choose inspect element or something similar. You'll have a similar option in most of the modern browsers.
I'm new at this and I don't know why the text inside my h1 tag goes to the right when I zoom in.
Here's the CSS code:
h1 {
font-family: 'Raleway', sans-serif;
border-bottom: 1px solid black;
border-top: 1px solid black;
margin-right: 500px;
margin-left: 500px;
text-align: center;
}
Also, I didn't use <div> because I didn't know what it was for when I began to code. I tried to change it but everything is build around my current technique.
Thanks.
Seeing as you are just beginning to code - this looks great!
I did the same thing when I first started and I'm pretty sure most people do. But Like the comments say - {margin: 0 auto} works best.
Divs are very, very important.
Use chrome's development tools - This is a good way to add and remove CSS rules quickly.
View -> Developer -> Developer Tools.
Navigate to the header through the collapsable menus, click it and note the associated rules on the right. Uncheck Your margin left and right to test the CSS rules.
You need to remove your margin-left: and right 500px;
I would STILL suggest something like this
<div id="container">
<h1> Your Header </h1>
</div>
This way, you can target JUST the h1 in the div of container in your css
#container h1 {
text-align:center
}
#container{
margin: 0 auto;
}
If this worked, please mark answered
Actually I'm new to web designing and I'm going to make my own social network and I'm using the amazing layout of Angelsmood.com music social network.
Everything is OK with designing except that I can't place the "Sign Up" button on the right place; it has a lot of margin on its right side. The problem is that there's no margin in my CSS code. Here's my code:
<div id="header_register">
Sign Up
<div>
Artists and their true fans are human angels.
Find them, connect with them and become one of them.
</div>
</div>
And Here's the CSS:
#header_register {
position: relative;
font-size: 12px;
}
#header_register a {
display: block;
height: 30px;
line-height: 30px;
background: ##810101;
color: #fff;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 14px;
float: left;
text-decoration: none;
border: 1px #508F54 solid;
}
Please help me to fix this.
I made a fiddle and tried to fix your problem the best I could based on the information you gave us.
jsfiddle
Things I did... took your line-height out and moved the link after the div so you didn't have to use it... then I margin: 0 auto to center the <a> tag.
Instead of float: left;
I took it out added a width of the <a> tag so it did not span the width of the screen.
If you need this to function in a different way that I have illustrated ask and I will show you on the fiddle I posted.
Ok, I had a simple layout problem a week or two ago. Namely sections of a page needed a header:
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Title Button |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
Pretty simple stuff. Thing is table hatred seems to have taken over in the Web world, which I was reminded of when I asked Why use definition lists (DL,DD,DT) tags for HTML forms instead of tables? Now the general topic of tables vs divs/CSS has previously been discussed, for example:
DIV vs Table; and
Tables instead of DIVs.
So this isn't intended to be a general discussion about CSS vs tables for layout. This is simply the solution to one problem. I tried various solutions to the above using CSS including:
Float right for the button or a div containing the button;
Position relative for the button; and
Position relative+absolute.
None of these solutions were satisfactory for different reasons. For example the relative positioning resulted in a z-index issue where my dropdown menu appeared under the content.
So I ended up going back to:
<style type="text/css">
.group-header { background-color: yellow; width: 100%; }
.group-header td { padding: 8px; }
.group-title { text-align: left; font-weight: bold; }
.group-buttons { text-align: right; }
</style>
<table class="group-header">
<tr>
<td class="group-title">Title</td>
<td class="group-buttons"><input type="button" name="Button"></td>
</tr>
</table>
And it works perfectly. It's simple, as backward compatibile as it gets (that'll work probably even on IE5) and it just works. No messing about with positioning or floats.
So can anyone do the equivalent without tables?
The requirements are:
Backwards compatible: to FF2 and IE6;
Reasonably consistent: across different browsers;
Vertically centered: the button and title are of different heights; and
Flexible: allow reasonably precise control over positioning (padding and/or margin) and styling.
On a side note, I came across a couple of interesting articles today:
Why CSS should not be used for layout; and
Tables vs CSS: CSS Trolls begone
EDIT: Let me elaborate on the float issue. This sort of works:
<html>
<head>
<title>Layout</title>
<style type="text/css">
.group-header, .group-content { width: 500px; margin: 0 auto; }
.group-header { border: 1px solid red; background: yellow; overflow: hidden; }
.group-content { border: 1px solid black; background: #DDD; }
.group-title { float: left; padding: 8px; }
.group-buttons { float: right; padding: 8px; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="group-header">
<div class="group-title">This is my title</div>
<div class="group-buttons"><input type="button" value="Collapse"></div>
</div>
<div class="group-content">
<p>And it works perfectly. It's simple, as backward compatibile as it gets (that'll work probably even on IE5) and it just works. No messing about with positioning or floats.</p>
<p>So can anyone do the equivalent without tables that is backwards compatible to at least FF2 and IE6?</p>
<p>On a side note, I came across a couple of interesting articles today:</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Thanks to Ant P for the overflow: hidden part (still don't get why though). Here's where the problem comes in. Say I want the title and button to be vertically centered. This is problematic because the elements are of different height. Compare this to:
<html>
<head>
<title>Layout</title>
<style type="text/css">
.group-header, .group-content { width: 500px; margin: 0 auto; }
.group-header { border: 1px solid red; background: yellow; overflow: hidden; }
.group-content { border: 1px solid black; background: #DDD; }
.group-header td { vertical-align: middle; }
.group-title { padding: 8px; }
.group-buttons { text-align: right; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table class="group-header">
<tr>
<td class="group-title">This is my title</td>
<td class="group-buttons"><input type="button" value="Collapse"></td>
</tr>
</table>
<div class="group-content">
<p>And it works perfectly. It's simple, as backward compatibile as it gets (that'll work probably even on IE5) and it just works. No messing about with positioning or floats.</p>
<p>So can anyone do the equivalent without tables that is backwards compatible to at least FF2 and IE6?</p>
<p>On a side note, I came across a couple of interesting articles today:</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
which works perfectly.
There is nothing wrong with using the tools that are available to you to do the job quickly and correctly.
In this case a table worked perfectly.
I personally would have used a table for this.
I think nested tables should be avoided, things can get messy.
Just float left and right and set to clear both and you're done. No need for tables.
Edit: I know that I got a lot of upvotes for this, and I believed I was right. But there are cases where you simply need to have tables. You can try doing everything with CSS and it will work in modern browsers, but if you wish to support older ones... Not to repeat myself, here the related stack overflow thread and rant on my blog.
Edit2: Since older browsers are not that interesting anymore, I'm using Twitter bootstrap for new projects. It's great for most layout needs and does using CSS.
Float title left, float button right, and (here's the part I never knew until recently) - make the container of them both {overflow:hidden}.
That should avoid the z-index problem, anyway. If it doesn't work, and you really need the IE5 support, go ahead and use the table.
This is kind of a trick question: it looks terribly simple until you get to
Say I want the title and button to be vertically centered.
I want to state for the record that yes, vertical centring is difficult in CSS. When people post, and it seems endless on SO, "can you do X in CSS" the answer is almost always "yes" and their whinging seems unjustified. In this case, yes, that one particular thing is hard.
Someone should just edit the entire question down to "is vertical centring problematic in CSS?".
In pure CSS, a working answer will one day be to just use "display:table-cell". Unfortunately that doesn't work across current A-grade browsers, so for all that you might as well use a table if you just want to achieve the same result anyway. At least you'll be sure it works far enough into the past.
Honestly, just use a table if it's easier. It won't hurt.
If the semantics and accessibility of the table element really matter to you, there is a working draft for making your table non-semantic:
http://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/#presentation
I think this requires a special DTD beyond XHTML 1.1, which would just stir up the whole text/html vs application/xml debate, so let's not go there.
So, on to your unresolved CSS problem...
To vertically align two elements on their center: it can be done a few different ways, with some obtuse CSS hackery.
If you can fit within the following constraints, then there is a relatively simple way:
The height of the two elements is fixed.
The height of the container is fixed.
The elements will be narrow enough not to overlap (or can be set to a fixed width).
Then you can use absolute positioning with negative margins:
.group-header { height: 50px; position: relative; }
.group-title, .group-buttons { position: absolute; top: 50%; }
# Assuming the height of .group-title is a known 34px
.group-title { left: 0; margin-top: -17px; }
# Assuming the height of .group-buttons is a known 38px
.group-buttons { right: 0; margin-top: -19px; }
But this is pointless in most situations... If you already know the height of the elements, then you can just use floats and add enough margin to position them as needed.
Here is another method which uses the text baseline to vertically align the two columns as inline blocks. The drawback here is that you need to set fixed widths for the columns to fill out the width from the left edge. Because we need to keep the elements locked to a text baseline, we can't just use float:right for the second column. (Instead, we have to make the first column wide enough to push it over.)
<html>
<head>
<title>Layout</title>
<style type="text/css">
.group-header, .group-content { width: 500px; margin: 0 auto; }
.group-header { border: 1px solid red; background: yellow; }
.valign { display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; }
.group-content { border: 1px solid black; background: #DDD; }
.group-title { padding: 8px; width: 384px; }
.group-buttons { padding: 8px; width: 84px; text-align: right; }
</style>
<!--[if lt IE 8]>
<style type="text/css">
.valign { display: inline; margin-top: -2px; padding-top: 1px; }
</style>
<![endif]-->
</head>
<body>
<div class="group-header">
<div class="valign">
<div class="group-title">This is my title.</div>
</div><!-- avoid whitespace between these! --><div class="valign">
<div class="group-buttons"><input type="button" value="Collapse"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="group-content">
<p>And it works perfectly, but mind the hacks.</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
The HTML: We add .valign wrappers around each column. (Give them a more "semantic" name if it makes you happier.) These need to be kept without whitespace in between or else text spaces will push them apart. (I know it sucks, but that's what you get for being "pure" with the markup and separating it from the presentation layer... Ha!)
The CSS: We use vertical-align:middle to line up the blocks to the text baseline of the group-header element. The different heights of each block will stay vertically centered and push out the height of their container. The widths of the elements need to be calculated to fit the width. Here, they are 400 and 100, minus their horizontal padding.
The IE fixes: Internet Explorer only displays inline-block for natively-inline elements (e.g. span, not div). But, if we give the div hasLayout and then display it inline, it will behave just like inline-block. The margin adjustment is to fix a 1px gap at the top (try adding background colors to the .group-title to see).
I would recommend not using a table in this instance, because that is not tabular data; it's purely presentational to have the button located at the far right. This is what I'd do to duplicate your table structure (change to a different H# to suit where you are in your site's hierarchy):
<style>
.group-header { background: yellow; zoom: 1; padding: 8px; }
.group-header:after { content: "."; display: block; height: 0; clear: both; visibility: hidden; }
/* set width appropriately to allow room for button */
.group-header h3 { float: left; width: 300px; }
/* set line-height or margins to align with h3 baseline or middle */
.group-header input { float: right; }
</style>
<div class="group-header">
<h3>This is my title</h3>
<input type="button" value="Collapse"/>
</div>
If you want true vertical alignment in the middle (ie, if the text wraps the button is still middle-aligned with respect to both lines of text), then you either need to do a table or work something with position: absolute and margins. You can add position: relative to your drop-down menu (or more likely its parent) in order to pull it into the same ordering level as the buttons, allowing you to bump it above them with z-index, if it comes to that.
Note that you don't need width: 100% on the div because it's a block-level element, and zoom: 1 makes the div behave like it has a clearfix in IE (other browsers pick up the actual clearfix). You also don't need all those extraneous classes if you're targeting things a bit more specifically, although you might need a wrapper div or span on the button to make positioning easier.
Do a double float in a div and use the clearfix. http://www.webtoolkit.info/css-clearfix.html Do you have any padding/margin restrictions?
<div class="clearfix">
<div style="float:left">Title</div>
<input type="button" value="Button" style="float:right" />
</div>
<div class="group-header">
<input type="button" name="Button" value="Button" style="float:right" />
<span>Title</span>
</div>
I've chose to use Flexbox, because it made things so much easier.
You basically need to go to the parent of the children you want to align and add display:box (prefixed of course). To make them sit in the sides, use justify-content. Space between is the right thing when you have elements which need to be aligned to the end, like in this case (see link)...
Then the vertical align issue. Because I made the parent of the two elements, you want to align a Flexbox. It's easy now to use align-items: center.
Then I added the styles you wanted before, removed the float from the title and button in the header and added a padding:
.group-header, .group-content {
width: 500px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.group-header{
border: 1px solid red;
background: yellow;
overflow: hidden;
display: -webkit-box;
display: -moz-box;
display: box;
display: -webkit-flex;
display: -moz-flex;
display: -ms-flexbox;
display: flex;
-webkit-justify-content: space-between;
-moz-justify-content: space-between;
-ms-justify-content: space-between;
-o-justify-content: space-between;
justify-content: space-between;
webkit-align-items: center;
-moz-align-items: center;
-ms-align-items: center;
-o-align-items: center;
align-items: center;
padding: 8px 0;
}
.group-content{
border: 1px solid black;
background: #DDD;
}
.group-title {
padding-left: 8px;
}
.group-buttons {
padding-right: 8px
}
See Demo
I agree that one should really only use tables for tabular data, for the simple reason that tables don't show until they're finished loading (no matter how fast that is; it's slower that the CSS method). I do, however, feel that this is the simplest and most elegant solution:
<html>
<head>
<title>stack header</title>
<style type="text/css">
#stackheader {
background-color: #666;
color: #FFF;
width: 410px;
height: 50px;
}
#title {
color: #FFF;
float: left;
padding: 15px 0 0 15px;
}
#button {
color: #FFF;
float: right;
padding: 15px 15px 0 0;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="stackheader">
<div id="title">Title</div>
<div id="button">Button</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
The button function and any extra detail can be styled from this basic form. Apologies for the bad tags.