I'm making a space navigation game. So it starts with the user on the spaceship and then when he press the up key the ship goes forward, the 'map' is always different, I have 5 variations of stars and 2 variations of planets, so they basically 'spawn' randomly while the user navigates. I can make the key detection, the movie clips generator code, but I don't know how do I make the navigation code, I mean how do I make the viewport move when the user press the key, ... I've saw a code that I didn't understand too well that the guy basically created a giant movie clip that moves according to the key that was pressed. That won't work in my case because I want it to generate everything randomly and when the user press the down arrow, I want it to go back, with the same 'map' that he was before. Please help me out guys I'm totally confused with all this viewport thing. And also, I want the game to run fast, I'm kind of new to the Action Script, and I don't know if it gets heavy if you are rendering objects that are not being displayed, if so will a simple 'obj.visible = false' works? Thanks in advance.
What I do here is:
Create a Map class with a property camera which is another custom class MapCamera.
The MapCamera has five properties:
_x
_y
map - a reference to the instance of Map owning this MapCamera
offsetX
offsetY
The offset values represent the x and y spacing from the left and top edges of the screen, which should be set to half of the stage width and height so that the camera will centre on the stage correctly.
The _x and _y properties are private, and have getters and setters.
The getters are pretty basic:
public function get x():Number{ return _x; }
public function get y():Number{ return _y; }
The setters are where the viewport will be altered, like so:
public function set x(n:Number):void
{
_x = n;
map.x = -(_x + offsetX);
}
public function set y(n:Number):void
{
_y = n;
map.y = -(_y + offsetY);
}
From here, you add your children into the Map container and then can simply go:
map.camera.x = player.x;
map.camera.y = player.y;
Which will cause the player to always be in the centre of the screen.
Related
I am working on a game. I constructed my player as here: (I am using a gravity on my world)
private ArrayMap<String, GameObject.Constructor> constructors = new ArrayMap<String, GameObject.Constructor>(String.class, GameObject.Constructor.class);
private ArrayList<GameObject> instances = new ArrayList<GameObject>();
assets.load("hand.obj", Model.class);
...
model = assets.get("hand.obj", Model.class);
constructors.put("hand", new GameObject.Constructor(model, new btBoxShape(new Vector3(2.5f, 7.5f, 2.5f)), 1f));
...
hand = constructors.get("hand").construct(); // that construct method returns me model, shape and constructions.. the GameObject extends ModelInstance, so i can use it like a modelinstance
hand.transform.setToTranslation(x, y, z);
hand.body.proceedToTransform(hand.transform);
hand.body.setUserValue(instances.size());
hand.body.setCollisionFlags(hand.body.getCollisionFlags()| btCollisionObject.CollisionFlags.CF_CUSTOM_MATERIAL_CALLBACK);
world.addRigidBody(hand.body);
hand.body.setContactCallbackFlag(OBJECT_FLAG);
hand.body.setContactCallbackFilter(OBJECT_FLAG);
Then, in render method I am moving it:
if (!hand.body.isActive()) hand.body.activate();
if (Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Keys.W)){
hand.body.translate(new Vector3(0,0,-1));
}
else if (Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Keys.S)) {
hand.body.translate(new Vector3(0,0,+1));
}
That's nice! The moving now works good, when I am moving at the flat ground. Whenever there is an object before me, it is not as expected. Because my player shape is biger than
object shape (which is 2.5f, 2.5f, 2.5f), it kind of falls on it. So I would like to set the rotation to be still the same, so the object will not be rotating (so it will not "fall" on the object before). And so I tried to do it, and I failed. Because there are functions like rotate, and I want to something like setRotation
. And so, there is a setToRotation, but you can not pass there a Quaternion.
I need help. I tried to use a btKinematicCharacterController but it was bad. The ghostObject every time falled through object, but the objects got a collision from him.
and so I want to create a player movment, like in games like Wow, minecraft, and so on.
I looked at the btKinematicCharacterController again. The reason why my ghostobject falled through the ground was. Generally, I don't know the reason: D probably I was using another broadphase for ghost, that for world. This line fixes it: characterController.setUseGhostSweepTest(false);
and I am getting another problem, when I am walking on my ground (a lot of objects), the character is getting to lesser Y position. I don't know why.
Here is my construction:
btPairCachingGhostObject ghostObject;
btConvexShape ghostShape;
btKinematicCharacterController characterController;
Vector3 characterDirection = new Vector3();
Vector3 walkDirection = new Vector3();
...
ghostObject = new btPairCachingGhostObject();
ghostObject.setWorldTransform(hand.transform);
ghostShape = new btCapsuleShape(5f, 0.5f);
ghostObject.setCollisionShape(ghostShape);
ghostObject.setCollisionFlags(btCollisionObject.CollisionFlags.CF_CHARACTER_OBJECT);
characterController = new btKinematicCharacterController(ghostObject, ghostShape, .00001f);
// And add it to the physics world
characterController.setUseGhostSweepTest(false);
world.addCollisionObject(ghostObject,
(short)btBroadphaseProxy.CollisionFilterGroups.CharacterFilter,
(short)(btBroadphaseProxy.CollisionFilterGroups.StaticFilter | btBroadphaseProxy.CollisionFilterGroups.DefaultFilter));
world.addAction(characterController);
... (in render - moving)
if (!load)
{
if (Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Keys.LEFT)) {
hand.transform.rotate(0, 1, 0, 5f);
ghostObject.setWorldTransform(hand.transform);
}
if (Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Keys.RIGHT)) {
hand.transform.rotate(0, 1, 0, -5f);
ghostObject.setWorldTransform(hand.transform);
}
// Fetch which direction the character is facing now
characterDirection.set(-1,0,0).rot(hand.transform).nor();
// Set the walking direction accordingly (either forward or backward)
walkDirection.set(0,0,0);
if (Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Keys.UP))
walkDirection.add(characterDirection);
if (Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Keys.DOWN))
walkDirection.add(-characterDirection.x, -characterDirection.y, -characterDirection.z);
walkDirection.scl(4f * Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime());
// And update the character controller
characterController.setWalkDirection(walkDirection);
// And fetch the new transformation of the character (this will make the model be rendered correctly)
}
world.stepSimulation(delta, 5, 1f/60f);
if (!load)
ghostObject.getWorldTransform(hand.transform);
How to fix this?
I set up the debugDrawer, so i was able to see the shapes of the bullet objects.. and my problem was that: the ghostObject(charController) was pushing my objects down.. Although my objects were static. So i set the mass of the objects to 0 and problem is fixed. But I still dont know, how it could push static objects. But i dont care. :)
EDIT: i will accept this answer in 2 hours, because now i cant.
I have a function where I can control my character.
I also have a movieclip on the stage called assassin_table.
I want to make it so that the character can't move in the table, a.k.a make the table work like a wall.
I have this code:
if(!this.hitTestObject(_root.assassin_table))
{
if(upKeyDown)
{
gotoAndStop(4);
y-=Math.cos(rotation/-180*Math.PI)*(mainSpeed +7);
x-=Math.sin(rotation/-180*Math.PI)*(mainSpeed +7);
}
if(!upKeyDown)
{
gotoAndStop(3);
}
}
However, if I touch the table, then I can't move at all.
I know it's because if(!this.hitTestObject(_root.assassin_table)), but I don't understand the logic behind NOT moving through objects. I'd much rather have a near pixel-perfect collision detection system, but since it's so hard to find any good info online which isn't confusing, I'll stick with hitTestObject for now :)
EDIT: Tried something, didn't really work that well.
if(!_root.assassinDead && !teleporting && this.currentFrame != 5)
{
if(this.hitbox.hitTestObject(_root.assassin_table))
{
_root.assassin_table.gotoAndStop(2);
if(this.x > _root.assassin_table.x)
{
trace("Can't move right");
canMoveRight = false;
}
if(this.x <_root.assassin_table.x)
{
trace("Can't move left");
canMoveLeft = false;
}
if(this.y > _root.assassin_table.y)
{
trace("Can't move up");
canMoveUp = false;
}
if(this.y < _root.assassin_table.y)
{
trace("Can't move down");
canMoveDown = false;
}
}
else
{
canMoveRight = true;
canMoveLeft = true;
canMoveUp = true;
canMoveDown = true;
}
}
This causes me to sometimes be able to walk through the table. I figure it's because my character can move in essentially every possible angle (since he's always facing the mouse and there are no tiles/grids).
How would I make it so that it would work with the advanced movement I have?
Moving up runs this:
y-=Math.cos(rotation/-180*Math.PI)*(mainSpeed +7);
x-=Math.sin(rotation/-180*Math.PI)*(mainSpeed +7);
And the rotation is decided by this:
this.rotation = Math.atan2((stage.mouseY - this.y), (stage.mouseX - this.x)) * 180/ Math.PI + 90;
You should seperate your hittest functions for four different moving directions.
I mean, you shouldn't use this "hitTestObject" stuff, that only returns a boolean value "true" or "false", and that's not going to work for you.
You need a function like "testPoint(player.x, player.y);" and returns the object at the given position, so you can implement it for your game like that
if (upKeyDown && testPoint(player.x, player.y - mainSpeed +7) == null) y-=Math.cos(rotation/-180*Math.PI)*(mainSpeed +7);
player.y - mainSpeed +7 // that checks for plus mainSpeed+7 because of trying to stop your player before it get stack inside object
Basically your logic flow should be like this:
Sample input (key press)
Move character
Check for collisions
If collision then move character to it's "outside" the object that it's touching
In your particular case, if your character is on the left of the table, and you're moving right, then first things first, you move your character. At your new position, check for any collisions. If you have a collection, then because you were moving from the left, we want to be on the left of the object that we colliding with, in this case the table, so we position our character to the left of the table.
The first part of that (checking if the character has hit the table) is called collision detection. Moving the character so that it's outside the bounds of the table is called collision response. Collision detection is a pretty big field and really depends on the type of game you're making; you can do grid-based, hit-test based (if you don't have a ton of objects), physics-based, math-based etc. Collision response can be anything and everything, depending on how you want to react to a collision - you can destroy the object (balloon on a spike), change its speed (character running through mud), bounce off it (ball off wall), or stop any further movement (character against wall).
To make things a bit easier:
Separate your systems - your input shouldn't be dependant on your collision for example. If the up key is down, just register that fact - what you do with it later (make your character move) is up to you
Separate your objects position in memory from its position on screen - this will let you move it around, react to collisions etc, and only when everything is good, update the graphics (stops things like graphics entering a wall only to jump out the next frame)
Solve for one axis at a time - e.g. collide on the x axis first, then the y
Pixel perfect collision is rarely needed :) Non-rotated boxes and circles will work a lot more than you'd think
Somewhat related - the shape of your object doesn't have to be the shape that you're colliding with - e.g. your table collision shape could just be a box; your character collision shape could just be a circle
Update
This causes me to sometimes be able to walk through the table
Assuming that we're going to collide our character and table as boxes, you need to take into account their sizes - i.e. we don't just compare the x values, but the right side of our character box against the left side of the table box etc. Something like:
// assumes objects have their anchor point in the top left - if its
// not the case, adjust as you see fit
if( char.x + char.width > table.x ) // right side of the char is overlapping the left side of the table
canMoveRight = false;
else if( char.x < table.x + table.width ) // left side of char vs right side of table
canMoveLeft = false;
// etc
When working with collisions, it's always nice to see the actual boxes, for debugging. Something like this:
var debug:Shape = new Shape;
debug.addEventListener( Event.ENTER_FRAME, function():void
{
debug.graphics.clear();
debug.graphics.lineStyle( 2.0, 0xff0000 );
// char (again assuming anchor point is top left)
debug.graphics.drawRect( char.x, char.y, char.width, char.height );
// table
debug.graphics.drawRect( table.x, table.y, table.width, table.height );
});
// add our debug. NOTE: make sure it's above everything
stage.addChild( debug );
hi i've taken on a new coding technique and its leaving me a little stranded, alot of concepts ive previously applied now take new syntax and sometimes create unforseen problems.
OK, so i make multiplayer flash games. In order to cut down on clutter i no longer use multiple class.as files, instead, i have my stage, and one library object called triggers, which i place just out of sight in the upper left of the stage. i then make a class.as file for this one movieclip object, and from there i instantiate everything else in my program - so far a login splash-screen movieclip, a game-window movieclip, a lobby movieclip, and finally the game-instance movieclip. these come in and out of .visible appropriately, and when not in use they are stored at off screen x and y values, they progress sequentially based on userinput. additionally i have public arrays which store importantMessages[], myplayerarray[], myArrowsarray[], myenemyarray[]
now my biggest issue at the moment is i'll recieve in from the server the variables i need to build a new arrow and monster unit -- so ill do like movieclip orc, with orc.speed, orc.xstartlocation orc.hp and so on, and ill have a similar arrow movieclip with arrow.speed, arrow.gravity, and so on. both of these movieclips, with added properties, are then pushed onto the appropriate public arrays, and not added to the stage, but instead, are added to the stage.add(gamewindow:Movieclip) (the reasoning behind this is so that later if i want to move everything on the stage at once, they are already oriented on a single cohesive movieclip, then i can just move this movieclip)
ok now onto the problem stuff, when i have two gamewindow.movieclips collide, like an arrow versus an orc (lets say arrow13 hittest orc42 == true) i remove the arrow movieclip object from the gamewindow:movieclip and splice it from its myarrowarray, however, even though the graphic dissapears, it continues to move its current trajectory and hit everything else on its way. I believe the reasoning behind this is because during the creation of the movieclip with its variables, i include an eventlistener on enterframe, i think its removing the clip but not the event listener (see very bottom for instantiated arrow Movieclip class)
so this brings me to my concise question:
QUESTION ONE:
is it possible to not only gamewindow.removeChild(arrow13) but also gamewindow.removeChild(arrow13[and all variables and eventlisteners at once])
QUESTIONTWO:
my second question is a bit easier: since switching to movieclip() instead of object() ive been using brute force, what would be a 1 line piece of code to do all of the following:
var newarrow:MovieClip = new playerarrow();
newarrow.theowner = username
newarrow.thespeed = speed
newarrow.thegravity = gravity
newarrow.thepower = power
newarrow.arrownumber = arrowid
and my third question goes back to my splashscreen movieclips idea, im having trouble playing around with thier z-values
basically when i call the importantmessage() its creates a new movieclip in the lower left, which alpha fades to 0 and it removes itself, however i have a problem where my new movieclip windows will overwrite these messages since they were added a split second after, the example in my program is i will have 2 messages spit out stage.add "attempting to connect to server" "connected" then the next major function is invoked and it instantiates the loginsplash:movieclip = new loginwindow -- i've tried taking this new stage.addchild(loginsplash) and do setChildIndex(loginsplash, 0) as well as -1 and 1. both 1's are out of bounds and 0 produces : The supplied DisplayObject must be a child of the caller.
QUESTION THREE:
so if i have gamemsg z = 0 gamemsg2 z = 1 and loginsplash z = (0?), how can i get the game messages to always lay on top ( i think its more of a referenceing problem then anything else
========================================
connection.addMessageHandler("newarrow",
function(m:Message, username, speed, gravity, power, arrowid)
{
var newarrow:MovieClip = new playerarrow();
newarrow.theowner = username
newarrow.thespeed = speed
newarrow.thegravity = gravity
newarrow.thepower = power
newarrow.arrownumber = arrowid
for each(var p in myplayerarray)
if (p.mpname == username){
newarrow.x = p.theanimation.x + 100
newarrow.y = p.theanimation.y + 100
}
myarrowarray.push(newarrow)
gw.addChild(newarrow)
newarrow.addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, arrowenterframe)
function arrowenterframe(e:Event){
newarrow.thegravity = 0 //+=.6
speed = 5
newarrow.x = newarrow.x+speed
newarrow.y = newarrow.y + newarrow.thegravity
//ROTATE FUNCTION
newarrow.rotation = Math.atan(newarrow.thegravity / speed ) /(Math.PI/180)
if (speed < 0) {newarrow.rotation +=180}
for each(var d in myenemyarray){
if (newarrow.hitTestObject(d.orcicon)){
connection.send("arrowhitmonster", newarrow.arrownumber, d.monsternumber)
trace("hitting monster")
}
}
if(newarrow.hitTestObject(gw.theground)){
}
}
})
Q1 ... is possible, but not with a single command. I would recommend you use the casalib (which I tend to recommend often) If you use CasaMovieClip instead of MovieClip, it extends it by adding some additional functions that deal with these issues like removeEventListeners() and removeAllChildrenAndDestroy()(which removes listeners). With the event listeners, just be aware that it destroys only events that this object is listening to, and not the listeners that other objects have to this mc. Instead of trying to convert assets to use CasaMovieClip, you could also just look at the code and implement it over top of your classes/MCs
Another alternative to dealing with event listeners is to switch to using signals by Robert Penner. It's a much more elegant way of working with event notifications, and by the sounds of your setup (relying on few classes with big reach), it might work better when all communication between objects is happening through a single channel rather than being handled by every object individually.
Q2 - you could create a factory function.
public function createMC($mc:MovieClip,$owner:String,$speed:int,...etc):MovieClip{
$mc.theowner = $owner;
// etc.
return $mc;
}
or
public function createMC($mc:MovieClip,$properties:Object):MovieClip{
$mc.theowner = $owner;
for (var $property:String in $properties)
if ($mc.hasOwnProperty($property))
$mc[$property] = $properties[$property];
return $mc;
}
where you call the function like this var newarrow:MovieClip = createMC(new playerarrow(), { theowner:username});
but I'm not sure why you would want to really
Q3 - the way I deal with these is set up movie clip holders. The critical messages will always be on top, the game menu bellow, the game background always on bottom. In the main view I would have a gameholder MC and above the menu and above that the criticalMessage holder, any objects that are added and removed are only within the appropriate holder.
I have an Enemy class that deals with my monster moving and attacking. Within that class, I have another class called enemyMagic, which is a blank movieclip that serves as a masterclass to different movieclips that I will make.
So in the enemyMagic class, I add a movieclip called attack1
public var attack1:Attack1 = new Attack1;
public function EnemyMagic() {
////////////CREATE THE TIMER//////////
masterEnemyAttackTimer.addEventListener(TimerEvent.TIMER, mastertimer);
////////////ATTACKS/////////
//TIER 1//
addChild(attack1);
}
And in the enemy class, I add the enemyMagic when the enemy is attacking a certain position.
for (var k:int = 0; k < Main.tileset.length; k++)
{
if (! Main.tileset[k].tileMiddle.hitTestObject(this.enemyVisionPoint))
{
if (Main.tileset[k].tileHP !== 0)
{
attackoptions.push(Main.tileset[k]);
}
if (Main.tileset[k].tileMiddle.hitTestObject(Main.player.visionPoint))
{
addChild(enemymagic);
Main.tileset[k].outline.gotoAndStop("attack");
this.enemymagic.x = (Main.tileset[k].x);
this.enemymagic.y = (Main.tileset[k].y);
trace(enemymagic.x, enemymagic.y, Main.tileset[k].x, Main.tileset[k].y);
For some reason, the enemymagic is tracing the exact same number as the tile's x and y, but it isn't adding it on the tile. It adds it way off the screen. I think it might be because it starts on the enemy's x and y and then calculates?
So my question is how can I get the enemymagic movie clip to get exactly on the position of the tile?
You can do two things. First, when you do a plain addChild() the base coordinate system of the child is the one of its parent, which is your Enemy instance, which is of course at somewhere nonzero. And then you assign it the coordinates of Main.tileset[k] which has a different parent (most likely instance of Main). This creates the distance you speak of. So, in order to locate your magic over the exact tile, either use this.globalToLocal(Main.tileset[k].localToGlobal(PZERO)) where PZERO is a new Point() constant (or write new Point() instead of PZERO, but this will create another empty Point object and will quickly escalate), or do an addChild() directly to the tile you are attacking with unaltered coordinates.
OK so i have a character that moves with the mouse. I need it to stay in the center of the screen(kind of like a platformer game). I can't figure out how to access the camera and move it. (Note: I have tried Vcam and moving all of the other objects but Vcam makes the file slow or something [or so i have heard] and moving the other objects in kind of like cheating [and for my needs is insufficient]) I don't have any code because i don't know where to start. Maybe someone can point me into the right direction.
Thanks,
Thor
One way is to store everyhting in one DisplayObject and then move that single object based on the camera movement. Instead of moving the camera, move the main container the opposite direction of the camera. I'm not sure why you seem to suggest a strategy like this is "cheating" as it is a perfectly suitable way to doing this.
This is my previous answer on a similar question found here.
What I do here is:
Create a Map class with a property camera which is another custom class MapCamera.
The MapCamera has five properties:
_x
_y
map - a reference to the instance of Map owning this MapCamera
offsetX
offsetY
The offset values represent the x and y spacing from the left and top edges of the screen, which should be set to half of the stage width and height so that the camera will centre on the stage correctly.
The _x and _y properties are private, and have getters and setters.
The getters are pretty basic:
public function get x():Number{ return _x; }
public function get y():Number{ return _y; }
The setters are where the viewport will be altered, like so:
public function set x(n:Number):void
{
_x = n;
map.x = -(_x + offsetX);
}
public function set y(n:Number):void
{
_y = n;
map.y = -(_y + offsetY);
}
From here, you add your children into the Map container and then can simply go:
map.camera.x = player.x;
map.camera.y = player.y;
Which will cause the player to always be in the centre of the screen.
Your camera is only a vector that modifies position of all renderable objects.
myMovieClip.x = movingClipPosition.x + camera.x
So if the camera.x is moved to the right, this will make the object move the left, giving the impression of a "camera".