How to automatically change the space between the letters.I want the text to take up the entire width of the div. Text is not static. (Always changing text, can be 123" or "text text"...)
<style type="text/css">
#menu{
width: 200px;
background-color: #000;
color: #336699;
font-size: 16px;
letter-spacing: 100%;
}
</style>
<body>
<div id="menu">
tekstas
</div>
EDIT: Unfortunately this only changes word spacing, not letter spacing. There is not way to do kerning in CSS. Possibly CSS3, however.
This is easily accomplished with the text-align: justify CSS attribute:
#menu
{
width: 200px;
background-color: #000;
color: #336699;
font-size: 16px;
text-align: justify;
}
There is no way of doing this purely with CSS. The letter-spacing attribute doesn't take percent values. text-align: justify won't work either because it only affects the space between words, not the font kerning and it also only applies to those rows of text that are followed by another row.
You could try using JS to do this by counting the number of characters in a particular div and then calculate the needed space between the characters so it would fill out the width, but this solution would only work right with mono-spaced fonts (fonts that have the same width for all the characters).
Here's a solution will not work for everyone, but it turned out to solve the problem for me: if you are displaying a short amount of headline text, you can put a space between every character of every word "L i k e t h i s".
For my particular design, this happens to look fine, and of course it allows align: justify to fully do its magic within the div.
Related
I have this code:
<p style="line-height: 1;overflow: hidden;">blah_blah</p>
<p>blah_blah</p>
<p style="line-height: 1;overflow: hidden;">qypj;,</p>
<p>qypj;,</p>
which results in (notice no underscore, and cut characters):
That is, it behaves that way in Firefox (66.0.3 on Windows 10). Other browsers seem to render the underscore. The above snippet runner also seems to work (even in Firefox), unless you run it in "Full page".
This Q is similar to Text changes height after adding unicode character except there are no tricks here. "_" is just a simple ASCII character.
My question is which behavior is the correct one.
Is specific character allowed to change line height (I thought it was only supposed to be font dependent)? Shouldn't line-height: 1 imply it can fit exactly any text?
I suppose some characters are special, such as "p", "g", "j" (and possibly "_") that draw below its line. Still which behavior is the correct one. Is it considered overflow or not?
PS: Furthermore I find it funny either overflow-x: hidden;overflow-y: visible; and overflow-x: visible;overflow-y: hidden; still causes this. Which seems more like an actual bug to me.
My question is which behavior is the correct one.
All of them are correct because we don't have the same default font in all browsers and it's also different depending on the OS.
Is specific character allowed to change line height (I thought it was only supposed to be font dependent)?
Character doesn't change line-height. To be more accurate, line-height is a property that can only be changed by setting line-height but you are probably confusing with the line box that is defined by the line-height and a character alone cannot change it.
Shouldn't line-height: 1 imply it can fit exactly any text?
Not necessarely, line-height:1 means that the line box will be equal to the 1xfont-size 1 but is the font designed to include all the character inside this space? Probably most of them will do but we don't know.
Basically, you have two things to consider. The content area that is defined by the font properties and the line box that is defined by the line-height. We have no control over the first one and we can only control the second one.
Here is a basic example to illustrate:
span {
background:red;
color:#fff;
font-size:20px;
font-family:monospace;
}
body {
margin:10px 0;
border-top:1px solid;
border-bottom:1px solid;
animation:change 2s linear infinite alternate;
}
#keyframes change {
from {
line-height:0.2
}
to {
line-height:2
}
}
<span >
blah_blah
</span>
The red is our content area and its height is defined by the font properties and if you inspect the element you will see it has a height equal to 23px (not 20px like the font-size) and the borders define our line box that we control using the line-height.
So if the line-height is equal to 1 we will have a line box equal to 20px which is not enough to contain the 23px of the content area thus it will get truncated and we may probably hide some characters (or a part of them) which is logical:
span {
background: red;
color: #fff;
font-size: 20px;
font-family: monospace;
}
body {
margin: 5px;
line-height: 1;
overflow:hidden;
}
html {
overflow:auto;
}
<span>
blah_blah ÂÄ j p
</span>
a different font-size will remove the underscore in Firefox:
span {
background: red;
color: #fff;
font-size: 26px;
font-family: monospace;
}
body {
margin: 5px;
line-height: 1;
overflow:hidden;
}
html {
overflow:auto;
}
<span>
blah_blah ÂÄ j p
</span>
Another example with a Google Font where the result should be the same cross browser. The underscore is visible but not the ^/¨
span {
background: red;
color: #fff;
font-size: 26px;
font-family: 'Gugi', cursive;
}
body {
margin: 5px;
line-height: 1;
overflow:hidden;
}
html {
overflow:auto;
}
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Gugi" rel="stylesheet">
<span>
blah_blah ÂÄ j p
</span>
Another example where the underscore is not visible:
span {
background: red;
color: #fff;
font-size: 27px;
font-family: 'PT Sans', sans-serif;
}
body {
margin: 5px;
line-height: 1;
overflow:hidden;
}
html {
overflow:auto;
}
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=PT+Sans" rel="stylesheet">
<span>
blah_blah ÂÄ j p
</span>
You can clearly see that we have a different overflow everytime we use a different font which confirms that this is font related. We have no control over it unless we know how the font is designed.
Related questions:
Understanding CSS2.1 specification regarding height on inline-level boxes
Why is there space between line boxes, not due to half leading?
Line height issue with inline-block elements
Here is a good article to get more accurate details and calculation: https://iamvdo.me/en/blog/css-font-metrics-line-height-and-vertical-align
A quote from this article:
It becomes obvious that setting line-height: 1 is a bad practice. I remind you that unitless values are font-size relative, not content-area relative, and dealing with a virtual-area smaller than the content-area is the origin of many of our problems.
1 : I considered a simplified explanation but in reality the calculation of the line box is not only relate to the line-height property.
The default line-height (depending on the font-family) when not otherwise specified is about 1.2 in most browsers. This includes Firefox.
This would explain why the underscore did not show in FireFox when the line-height was set to 1 - the bottom was of the line was cut off. So I don't think it's entirely to do with the font (although this does contribute), but also browser defaults.
Some font-sizes are bigger than other even at seemingly the "same" font size (as I'm sure you've seen when typing documents in e.g. Georgia vs Times new Roman/Baskerville ; so you wouldn't be guaranteed that text would always show on a specified line height of 1 (or 1.2). There are ways of measuring a font in pixels however
Hope this helps
If I use the browser tools in Firefox to inspect my snippet below, there is no height difference between the lines with and without underscore. The only difference is caused by the line-height setting: 16px with line-height: 1, 19.2 px with the browser's default line-height. So the underscore doesn't make a difference here (Firefox 66.0.3 on Mac), and it is visible in both cases.
Note that I set margins to 0 to see the "pure" line-height without distances between the lines. Also, I didn't specify a font-familiy setting, so the default font of the browser for p tags is used.
The only reason for what you describe which I can think of is a font with very particular dimensions/settings, where the descenders (i.e. the parts of letters like p q j which extend below the baseline) are not inside the line-height as defined by the font.
After a bunch of comments back and forth: I suppose it could be caused by the different default (system) fonts on Windows and Mac. Still a bug, I would say (if you are using the default font).
html,
body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
p {
background: #fb6;
margin: 0px;
}
<p style="line-height: 1;overflow: hidden;">blah_plah</p>
<p style="line-height: 1;overflow: hidden;">blah plah</p>
<p>blah_plah</p>
<p>blah plah</p>
This is my problem in short: https://jsfiddle.net/b6wLwkfs/
Long story: I have a div with some text in it. It initially creates some space on top and bottom of my div (this is not padding). I would like my div to only cover the text and not create extra space. This is my only css:
div {
background-color: black;
color: white;
font-size: 50px
}
<div>This is the text</div>
What I am looking for is to narrow down the div to only contains the text without creating any space on top of bottom. I acknowledge that if you tweaking a bit with px, you will achieve that but I am looking for more generic approach since font size will be different by cases.
Your code below is missing a (;) after font-size: 50px; now to achieve the space reduction I suggest you use line-height with the same font-size refer to my correction
Your Code
div {
background-color: black;
color: white;
font-size: 50px
}
My Correction
div {
background-color: black;
color: white;
font-size: 50px;
line-height: 50px;
}
There is likely no 'generic' way to do this, as that spacing you're seeing is actually part of the font face, and whatever adjustments you make to solve the 'problem' for this font, will not necessarily work on other fonts.
For example, just take a look at how Arial displays, as it's different than the default font that is used without setting a specific font-family, and as such a fix for the default font would likely have to be adjusted for Arial.
p {
background-color: black;
color: white;
font-size: 50px;
line-height: 1;
font-family: arial;
display: inline;
}
<p>
Oh hi i'm different
</p>
In the above snippet I've added a line-height of 1 to help normalize the spacing a bit. You could try to adjust further with setting the line-height to be at, or close to the exact font-size in pixels, but this will likely result in undesired spacing if you have lots of text in the element (text should also be in an appropriately semantic element like a p, or li, not just in a div).
In the end, can you achieve the result you're looking for? Definitely. Using things like line-height, margins and/or transforms. But you are likely not going to find a silver bullet to achieve the effect you want, consistently, if swapping out font faces.
As Sebastian Brosch mentioned in the question's comments, working off from Is it possible to change inline text height, not just the line-height? is likely going to be your best path forward.
I have an issue while using custom font(poppins-regular.ttf). The issue is when I set background-color for span tag which is wrapper of text.
The words like g,y,.. etc got cut at the bottom. But, If I change the font-family from poppinsRegular to tahoma it looks good.
But the real issue here is i need to maintain same line-height
.passageBody, .passageBody2 {
width: 414px;
padding: 10px 0;
margin: 0px;
font-size: 24px;
line-height: 32px;
font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;
}
.passageBody2 {
font-family: tahoma;
}
.highlightPhrase {
background-color: yellow;
}
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Poppins" rel="stylesheet">
<div class="passageBody">
<span>“Good-bye to you and your funny feet.</span>
<span class="highlightPhrase">Thanks for all the eggs to eat!” I was speaking to Bess, our chicken, and Mother laughed.</span>
</div>
<hr/>
<div class="passageBody2">
<span>“Good-bye to you and your funny feet.</span>
<span class="highlightPhrase">Thanks for all the eggs to eat!” I was speaking to Bess, our chicken, and Mother laughed.</span>
</div>
Example jsFiddle link here...
You can either remove the line-height property or try to set it in em units.
line-height: 1.5em;
Edit 1
If you don't want to change line-height, use vertical align with inline display
.highlightPhrase {
background-color: yellow;
display: inline;
vertical-align: text-bottom;
}
Edit 2
The above code might have visually changed the line height. So this example might be an elegant solution to your problem. Just wrap the content in another element and set the position to relative, so that background of each line will not hide the above line.
.highlightPhrase span {
position:relative;
}
or you can use some small image as background and repeat it to highlight entire text.
Problem here is the vertical placement of the glyphs.
Designer decided to set the font glyphs like that.
So, basically designer decided how much space there is below the baseline, and how much space is above the height of uppercase letters. Typically these spaces are equal, but they don't need to be.
I think that only solution for you is to put bigger line-height on the paragraph that is using that font or just choose a different font.
Change:
line-height: 32px; to line-height: auto;
Try this
.highlightPhrase {
padding:5px;
}
Say I have a single span element defined as an inline-block. It's only contents is plain text. When the font size is very large, you can clearly see how the browser adds a little padding above and below the text.
HTML:
CSS:
span {
display: inline-block;
font-size: 50px;
background-color: green;
}
<span>BIG TEXT</span>
Looking at the box model, it's clear the browser is adding padding inside the content edge. I need to remove this "padding", one way is to simply alter the line-height, as with:
http://jsfiddle.net/7vNpJ/1/
This works great in Chrome but in Firefox the text is shifting towards the top (FF17, Chrome 23, Mac OSX).
Any idea of a cross-browser solution? Thanks!
It appears as though you need to explicitly set a font, and change the line-height and height as needed. Assuming 'Times New Roman' is your browser's default font:
span {
display: inline-block;
font-size: 50px;
background-color: green;
/*new:*/
font-family: 'Times New Roman';
line-height: 34px;
height: 35px;
}
<span>
BIG TEXT
</span>
The browser is not adding any padding. Instead, letters (even uppercase letters) are generally considerably smaller in the vertical direction than the height of the font, not to mention the line height, which is typically by default about 1.2 times the font height (font size).
There is no general solution to this because fonts are different. Even for fixed font size, the height of a letter varies by font. And uppercase letters need not have the same height in a font.
Practical solutions can be found by experimentation, but they are unavoidably font-dependent. You will need to set the line height essentially smaller than the font size. The following seems to yield the desired result in different browsers on Windows, for the Arial font:
span.foo
{
display: inline-block;
font-size: 50px;
background-color: green;
line-height: 0.75em;
font-family: Arial;
}
span.bar
{
position: relative;
bottom: -0.02em;
}
<span class=foo><span class=bar>BIG TEXT</span></span>
The nested span elements are used to displace the text vertically. Otherwise, the text sits on the baseline, and under the baseline, there is room reserved for descenders (as in letters j and y).
If you look closely (with zooming), you will notice that there is very small space above and below most letters here. I have set things so that the letter “G” fits in. It extends vertically a bit farther than other uppercase letters because that way the letters look similar in height. There are similar issues with other letters, like “O”. And you need to tune the settings if you’ll need the letter “Q” since it has a descender that extends a bit below the baseline (in Arial). And of course, if you’ll ever need “É”, or almost any diacritic mark, you’re in trouble.
I'm a designer and our devs had this issue when dealing with Android initially, and our web devs are having the same problem. We found that the spacing between a line of text and another object (either a component like a button, or a separate line of text) that a design program spits out is incorrect. This is because the design program isn't accounting for diacritics when it is defining the "size" of a single line of text.
We ended up adding Êg to every line of text and manually creating spacers (little blue rectangles) that act as the "measurement" from the actual top of the text (ie, the top of the accent mark on the E) or from the descender (the bottom of a "g").
For example, say you have a really boring top navigation that is just a rectangle, and a headline beneath it. The design program will say that the space between the bottom of the top nav and the top of the headline textbox 24px. However, when you measure from the bottom of the nav to the top of an Ê accent mark, the spacing is actually 20px.
While I realize that this isn't a code solution, it should help explain the discrepancies between the design specs and what the build looks like.
span::before,
span::after {
content: '';
display: block;
height: 0;
width: 0;
}
span::before{
margin-top:-6px;
}
span::after{
margin-bottom:-8px;
}
Find out the margin-top and margin-bottom negative margins with this tool:
http://text-crop.eightshapes.com/
The tool also gives you SCSS, LESS and Stylus examples.
You can read more about it here:
https://medium.com/eightshapes-llc/cropping-away-negative-impacts-of-line-height-84d744e016ce
I had a similar problem. As you increase the line-height the space above the text increases. It's not padding but it will affect the vertical space between content. I found that adding a negative top margin seemed to do the trick. It had to be done for all of the different instances of line-height and it varies with font-family too.
Maybe this is something which designers need to be more aware of when passing design requirements (?)
So for a particular instance of font-family and line-height:
h1 {
font-family: 'Garamond Premier Pro Regular';
font-size: 24px;
color: #001230;
line-height: 29px;
margin-top: -5px; /* CORRECTION FOR LINE-HEIGHT */
}
This worked for me:
line-height: 80%;
If its text that has to scale proportionally to the screenwidth, you can also use the font as an svg, you can just export it from something like illustrator.
I had to do this in my case, because I wanted to align the top of left and right border with the font's top |TEXT| . Using line-height, the text will jump up and down when scaling the window.
The best way is to use display:
inline-block;
and
overflow: hidden;
I've been annoyed by this problem often. Vertical-align would only work on bottom and center, but never top! :-(
It seems I may have stumbled on a solution that works for both table elements and free paragraph elements. I hope we are at least talking similar problem here.
CSS:
p {
font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
font-size: 15px;
background: #FFFFFF;
margin: 0
margin-top: 3px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
For me, the margin settings sorted it out no matter where I put my "p>.../p>" code.
Hope this helps...
I want to align text within a list of items containing superscript such that the main text are equally spaced vertically:
HTML:
<ul>
<li>Shape: Rectangle</li>
<li>Length: 5m</li>
<li>Breadth: 3m</li>
<li>Area: 15m<sup>2</sup></li>
<li>Color: Blue</li>
</ul>
I have tried tinkering with the display, height, line-height and vertical-align properties in CSS. But none seems to work. Can anyone help me please? Thanks.
The cause of the problem is that superscripts tend to make line spacing uneven. Setting line-height to a sufficiently large value like 1.3 may help. But in general, it is best to avoid using the sup element and construct your own superscript element, using span and style that creates a superscript using relative positioning (which does not affect line spacing, unlike the vertical alignment caused by sup).
In this specific case, there is a much simpler and better approach: instead of <sup>2</sup>, use ², or enter directly the superscript two character “²” (on Windows, you can do that using Alt 0178). Being a normal character, it does not affect line spacing, and being designed by a typographer, it can be expected to look better than any superscript 2 created using HTML or CSS.
This might help you: http://jsfiddle.net/Wexcode/TgqQY/
HTML:
<ul>
<li><span></span><span>Shape: Rectangle<span></li>
<li><span></span><span>Length: 5m</span></li>
<li><span></span><span>Breadth: 3m</span></li>
<li><span></span><span>Area: 15m<sup>2</sup></span></li>
<li><span></span><span>Color:</span> <span>Blue</span></li>
</ul>
CSS:
ul { list-style: none; }
li { background: red; height: 50px; margin: 3px 0; padding: 5px 0; }
li span:first-child { height: 100%; }
li span { vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; }
Depending on format, you can try lowering the font size just before calling the <sup> tag:
...<br/> <li>Area: 15m<font
size=-1><sup>2</sup></font></li>
...<p/>
There is still a slight spacing gap, but it is not really noticeable.