Get the application's path - language-agnostic

I've recently searched how I could get the application's directory in Java. I've finally found the answer but I've needed surprisingly long because searching for such a generic term isn't easy. I think it would be a good idea to compile a list of how to achieve this in multiple languages.
Feel free to up/downvote if you (don't) like the idea and please contribute if you like it.
Clarification:
There's a fine distinction between the directory that contains the executable file and the current working directory (given by pwd under Unix). I was originally interested in the former but feel free to post methods for determining the latter as well (clarifying which one you mean).

In Java the calls
System.getProperty("user.dir")
and
new java.io.File(".").getAbsolutePath();
return the current working directory.
The call to
getClass().getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().getPath();
returns the path to the JAR file containing the current class, or the CLASSPATH element (path) that yielded the current class if you're running directly from the filesystem.
Example:
Your application is located at
C:\MyJar.jar
Open the shell (cmd.exe) and cd to C:\test\subdirectory.
Start the application using the command java -jar C:\MyJar.jar.
The first two calls return 'C:\test\subdirectory'; the third call returns 'C:\MyJar.jar'.
When running from a filesystem rather than a JAR file, the result will be the path to the root of the generated class files, for instance
c:\eclipse\workspaces\YourProject\bin\
The path does not include the package directories for the generated class files.
A complete example to get the application directory without .jar file name, or the corresponding path to the class files if running directly from the filesystem (e.g. when debugging):
String applicationDir = getClass().getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().getPath();
if (applicationDir.endsWith(".jar"))
{
applicationDir = new File(applicationDir).getParent();
}
// else we already have the correct answer

In .NET (C#, VB, …), you can query the current Assembly instance for its Location. However, this has the executable's file name appended. The following code sanitizes the path (using System.IO and using System.Reflection):
Directory.GetParent(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location)
Alternatively, you can use the information provided by AppDomain to search for referenced assemblies:
System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory
VB allows another shortcut via the My namespace:
My.Application.Info.DirectoryPath

In Windows, use the WinAPI function GetModuleFileName(). Pass in NULL for the module handle to get the path for the current module.

Python
path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
That gets the path of the current module.

Objective-C Cocoa (Mac OS X, I don't know for iPhone specificities):
NSString * applicationPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] bundlePath];

In Java, there are two ways to find the application's path. One is to employ System.getProperty:
System.getProperty("user.dir");
Another possibility is the use of java.io.File:
new java.io.File("").getAbsolutePath();
Yet another possibilty uses reflection:
getClass().getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().getPath();

In VB6, you can get the application path using the App.Path property.
Note that this will not have a trailing \ EXCEPT when the application is in the root of the drive.
In the IDE:
?App.Path
C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\VB98

In .Net you can use
System.IO.Directory.GetCurrentDirectory
to get the current working directory of the application, and in VB.NET specifically you can use
My.Application.Info.DirectoryPath
to get the directory of the exe.

Delphi
In Windows applications:
Unit Forms;
path := ExtractFilePath(Application.ExeName);
In console applications:
Independent of language, the first command line parameter is the fully qualified executable name:
Unit System;
path := ExtractFilePath(ParamStr(0));

Libc
In *nix type environment (also Cygwin in Windows):
#include <unistd.h>
char *getcwd(char *buf, size_t size);
char *getwd(char *buf); //deprecated
char *get_current_dir_name(void);
See man page

Unix
In unix one can find the path to the executable that was started using the environment variables. It is not necessarily an absolute path, so you would need to combine the current working directory (in the shell: pwd) and/or PATH variable with the value of the 0'th element of the environment.
The value is limited in unix though, as the executable can for example be called through a symbolic link, and only the initial link is used for the environment variable. In general applications on unix are not very robust if they use this for any interesting thing (such as loading resources). On unix, it is common to use hard-coded locations for things, for example a configuration file in /etc where the resource locations are specified.

In bash, the 'pwd' command returns the current working directory.

In PHP :
<?php
echo __DIR__; //same as dirname(__FILE__). will return the directory of the running script
echo $_SERVER["DOCUMENT_ROOT"]; // will return the document root directory under which the current script is executing, as defined in the server's configuration file.
echo getcwd(); //will return the current working directory (it may differ from the current script location).
?>

in Android its
getApplicationInfo().dataDir;
to get SD card, I use
Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(String type);
where the latter is used to store a specific type of file (Audio / Movies etc). You have constants for these strings in Environment class.
Basically, for anything to with app use ApplicationInfo class and for anything to do with data in SD card / External Directory using Environment class.
Docs :
ApplicationInfo ,
Environment

In Tcl
Path of current script:
set path [info script]
Tcl shell path:
set path [info nameofexecutable]
If you need the directory of any of these, do:
set dir [file dirname $path]
Get current (working) directory:
set dir [pwd]

Java:
On all systems (Windows, Linux, Mac OS X) works for me only this:
public static File getApplicationDir()
{
URL url = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader().getResource(".");
File applicationDir = null;
try {
applicationDir = new File(url.toURI());
} catch(URISyntaxException e) {
applicationDir = new File(url.getPath());
}
return applicationDir;
}

in Ruby, the following snippet returns the path of the current source file:
path = File.dirname(__FILE__)

In CFML there are two functions for accessing the path of a script:
getBaseTemplatePath()
getCurrentTemplatePath()
Calling getBaseTemplatePath returns the path of the 'base' script - i.e. the one that was requested by the web server.
Calling getCurrentTemplatePath returns the path of the current script - i.e. the one that is currently executing.
Both paths are absolute and contain the full directory+filename of the script.
To determine just the directory, use the function getDirectoryFromPath( ... ) on the results.
So, to determine the directory location of an application, you could do:
<cfset Application.Paths.Root = getDirectoryFromPath( getCurrentTemplatePath() ) />
Inside of the onApplicationStart event for your Application.cfc
To determine the path where the app server running your CFML engine is at, you can access shell commands with cfexecute, so (bearing in mind above discussions on pwd/etc) you can do:
Unix:
<cfexecute name="pwd"/>
for Windows, create a pwd.bat containing text #cd, then:
<cfexecute name="C:\docume~1\myuser\pwd.bat"/>
(Use the variable attribute of cfexecute to store the value instead of outputting to screen.)

In cmd (the Microsoft command line shell)
You can get the name of the script with %* (may be relative to pwd)
This gets directory of script:
set oldpwd=%cd%
cd %0\..
set app_dir=%pwd%
cd %oldpwd%
If you find any bugs, which you will. Then please fix or comment.

I released https://github.com/gpakosz/whereami which solves the problem in C and gives you:
the path to the current executable
the path to the current module (differs from path to executable when calling from a shared library).
It uses GetModuleFileNameW on Windows, parses /proc/self/maps on Linux and Android and uses _NSGetExecutablePath or dladdr on Mac and iOS.

Note to answer "20 above regarding Mac OSX only: If a JAR executable is transformed to an "app" via the OSX JAR BUNDLER, then the getClass().getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation(); will NOT return the current directory of the app, but will add the internal directory structure of the app to the response. This internal structure of an app is /theCurrentFolderWhereTheAppReside/Contents/Resources/Java/yourfile
Perhaps this is a little bug in Java. Anyway, one must use method one or two to get the correct answer, and both will deliver the correct answer even if the app is started e.g. via a shortcut located in a different folder or on the desktop.
carl
SoundPimp.com

Related

yii2: model relations error can't find another class in ubuntu server 16.04

I have upload my YII2 project to ubuntu 16.04.
My source is no problem when run on localhost on my computer, but when I run it on the server ubuntu 16.04 with network, it has a problem.
The model source can't find another relation model
public function getLokasiAwal()
{
return $this->hasOne(KotaBandara::className(), ['id_kota' => 'lokasi_awal']);
}
and i have error
Class 'backend\models\TypeNonstaf' not found
I have found the solution, I added the following code:
use backend\models\Kotabandara;
On top in model file but, in my source in localhost,
I do not need to add that code
Can someone explain that issue??
As #rob006 pointed out, it appears that you had been working/running your app on a Windows local file system, which is case-preserving, but not case-sensitive.
When you first call upon a namespaced class directly or via the use operator, it passes this full class name as $className into yii\BaseYii\autoload::($className) (Yii2's global class autoloading handler), which in turn attempts to include the corresponding class file, if found.
So, on your Windows local machine, when you use backend\models\KotaBandara, it will find and include any file associated with the corresponding path alias in a case-insensitive manner, thus it will find any of:
#backend/models/KotaBandara.php
#backend/models/Kotabandara.php
#backend/models/kotabandara.php
#backend/models/KoTaBaNdArA.php
There can be only 1 target file with this sequence of paths/characters anyway.
However, when you migrate this code to a Ubuntu system, which is both case-preserving and case-sensitive, there is a distinct difference between KotaBandara.php and kotabandara.php and in fact both files can exist side by side, unlike on Windows.
So, you have to be precise here - on Ubuntu, use backend\models\KotaBandara will trigger the autoloader to find only the file whose path AND case matches, i.e. KotaBandara.php. If you named the file kotabandara.php, it will be found on Windows, but not on Ubuntu!

browserstack+nightwatch custom commands configuration

I have a Nightwatch + BrowserStack configuration on my project and I'm trying to add custom commands to my project to compare 2 screenshots using resemble.js .
I configure my nightwatch.json file with this :
"custom_commands_path": "./node_modules/nightwatch/commands",
"custom_assertions_path": "./node_modules/nightwatch/assertions"
I put the commands file in the folder and I tried to run my test in every directory possible to see if it was a path problem. I've also tried with different commands, some of them I get online and even the default example one. Whatever I run it returns nameOfTheCommand is not a function. So I guess it does not even find the path to the customs commands in the nightwatch.json file.
Is there anything I'm missing here? I'm quite new so the answer could be very simple but I tried every .json file of my project in case there was a special configuration linked to BrowserStack.
Path to the custom commands should be analogous to the path to custom commands. You should point a folder where you added them.
I've found that if I put them in the suite configuration file, it picks them up:
nightwatch_config = {
src_folders: ["tests/suite/product/"],
page_objects_path: "pages/product",
custom_commands_path: "./custom_commands"
}

ns modification and compiling error

i am working on ns-allinone-2.35 . and i modified the aodv protocol that located on /ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/aodv folder. i do make clean , then make, every thing is ok.
but i notice that no changing in the result.
and i notice that if i change all aodv code to comments, the TCL file will running even if delete the aodv.o.
can any one help to specify exactly where is the changing on ns-allinone-2.35? and from where the TCL file read the routing protocol?
»»
the TCL file will running even if delete the aodv.o
««
Files{.cc, .h, .o}, etc. in the ns-2.35/ folder are not used at simulation time. ( Exceptions : Some simulations can/will use some traffic files, e.g. from tcl/mobility/** ).
All functions from the c++ files (and tcl/lib/files*) are compiled into one file : 'ns'.
Files used by the executable 'ns' are the these only :
ns-allinone-2.35/{ lib/**, bin/tclsh8* }.
Changes : Be aware that ns2 speaks "otcl". And that all the (o)tcl functions in tcl/lib/ are also compiled into the executable 'ns'.
So may be your new function is missing in tcl/lib/{ files.tcl } ?

How to get sqldb to use a particular fbclient.dll?

I'm using sqldb to connect to Firebird from within my DLL. This fails because it cannot find fbclient.dll which is actually present in the same directory as my DLL. GetCurrentDir returns the path to the Windows system folder. Performing a SetCurrentDir with the path of the DLL successfully changes the current directory, but still it won't work. What can I do to get sqldb to use fbclient.dll at a location of my choosing?
From the wiki page seems there is no way to explicitly specify the directory from where the Firebird client library could be loaded. So as a workaround you may use the SetDllDirectory function which will add a directory provided to its only parameter to the search path used to locate DLL libraries for the application. A subsequent call to LoadLibrary function used to load the Firebird's client library will go through the search list and find it in the location you added by the SetDllDirectory function call.

Run native binary CGI on lighttpd

I'm trying to set up lighttpd to run binary CGI app (not PHP script or smth, but a binary file, compiled from C++ source). I actually have
server.modules = (
...
"mod_cgi"
...
)
uncommented, have myApp.exe in htdocs/app, and also
cgi.assign = ( "myApp.exe" => "myApp.exe" )
Then, to make all the stuff work by accessing, say, http://localhost:8080/app/myApp.exe?p=a&..., I had to put an empty myApp.exe in lighttpd root folder (where the server's exe is). It's actually strange and sucks, and also not all CGIs can work that way. Applying these actions to another CGI app (that works perfectly on properly tuned Apache) gave no success.
What am I doing wrong?
The docs: http://redmine.lighttpd.net/wiki/1/Docs:ModCGI
I've made a test with a tcl script as cgi and this was my working config:
cgi.assign = ( "" => "/usr/bin/tclsh" )
index-file.names = ("lighttd_test.tcl")
The cgi.assign allows you to specify file extensions to be handled by specific applications. This example means: Any filetype will be opened through /usr/bin/tclsh. Since my index-file is a tcl script, I get the content which I put through the script's STDOUT.
In case you want to run a binary executable this is the place to specify it.
Maybe this link provides some more info about binary cgi for you: http://redmine.lighttpd.net/issues/1256