I already read a lot of posts about IE 11 with display: flex and min-height, but didn't find my answer.
I have a normal <div> with a min-height: 100vh;. In that <div> I have another element with a margin-bottom: 5px;. Now the whole outer <div> has a scrollbar and a transparent border at the bottom of 5px.
When I increase the margin, the gap at the bottom will increase the same.
Example:
<div class="layout">
<div class="panel">
Some content
</div>
</div>
body {
margin: 0;
}
.layout {
min-height: 100vh;
background: orange;
}
.panel {
margin-bottom: 40px;
background: white;
border-radius: 5px;
padding: 5px;
}
<div class="layout">
<div class="panel">
Panel
</div>
</div>
Now I made the code snipper, I see it also going wrong in Chrome.
I hope you understand me, but if you need more info please ask. I hope to find an answer!
Thank you,
Ronald.
Your issue is because of margin collapsing and it could be fixed in different ways.
Depending on your case, easiest is to use overflow: hidden for .layout:
.layout {
min-height: 100vh;
background: orange;
overflow: hidden;
}
You could also use padding-bottom on .layout instead of margin-bottom on .panel to avoid the issue with margins.
Another option could be clearfixing the .layout like so:
.layout:before,
.layout:after {
content: ' ';
display: table;
}
Related
I've been having a very weird CSS issue. Some of my pages have displayed an unexplained "space" between element. Inspecting the code shows that this space does not belong to any element.
I've narrowed it down, and I think I know why this issue is happening. But I wanted to know, under the hood, why it's happening.
The issue, I think, is that min-height: 50px in the #outer selector adds the bottom margin of #inner below #outer, which results in an the unexplained space mentioned above. If it were to be replaced with height: 50px the space would disappear.
This happens on Chrome but not FireFox.
My theory is that Chrome's CSS lays out the elements first then checks if min-height requirement is met. If not, then it extends the height of the div, pushing the "unexplained space" along with it. It essential copied, or inherited, the bottom margin of the child element. I think this only happens to the bottom margin though.
I've tried two tests of this theory, adding padding: 1px; and adding overflow: hidden; they both cause the height of the div to include it's child and thus gets rid of the issue. Although, I think in the case of overflow: hidden it's more cutting off the overflown content.
But I'm no CSS expert, all this is just speculation on my part, which is why I wanted to pose this as a question :)
Here's the code
#outer {
background-color: blue;
min-height: 100px;
}
#inner {
background-color: red;
height: 50px;
margin-bottom: 50px;
}
#bottom {
background-color: green;
height: 50px;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">
</div>
</div>
<div id="bottom">
</div>
This occurs due to margin collapsing - specifically the margin-bottom of inner collapses to become the margin-bottom of the outer element.
Solution:
Give a border to the outer element to prevent the margin collapsing - see demo below:
#outer {
background-color: blue;
min-height: 100px;
border: 1px solid blue;
}
#inner {
background-color: red;
height: 50px;
margin-bottom: 50px;
}
#bottom {
background-color: green;
height: 50px;
}
<div id="outer">
<div id="inner">
</div>
</div>
<div id="bottom">
</div>
I am trying to get a centered in the space that is left empty by a sidebar. This is how I'd like it to look like:
I actually managed to make this work OK for most browsers using margin: auto for the div in question, while setting overflow: hidden:
Fiddle here
CSS
#header {
height: 50px;
background: #224444;
color: #fff;
}
#container div {
padding: 1em;
}
#content {
max-width: 400px;
margin: auto;
background: #ddd;
height: 300px;
overflow: hidden;
}
#sidebar {
float: right;
width: 200px;
background: #aaa;
height: 300px;
}
HTML
<div id="container">
<div id="header">
PAGE HEADER
</div>
<div id="sidebar">
Sidebar
</div>
<div id="content">
Centered Content
(Works everywhere but on IE9)
</div>
</div>
However, it does not work with IE9. It is strange as IE8 works OK!
I am running out of ideas, so I thought that maybe someone knows what is going on? The trick seems to work perfectly everywhere else.
NOTE: Please note that the content div should be flexible as it is in the demo. As the available space decreases, it should change size and squeeze in.
Isolate the centering from the floating
This affects IE9/10.
It works fine if the floated element is removed, or if width is used instead of max-width. The presence of floated content, combined with the use of margin:auto and max-width instead of width, appears to be confusing IE9+.
To fix this, put the centered content in a wrapper div, so that the centering of the content can be separated from the floating of the sidebar. In other words, too much is happening layout-wise in a single div, more than IE9+ can handle. So split up the #content div into two separate divs.
#header {
height: 50px;
padding: 1em;
background: #224444;
color: #fff;
}
#content-wrapper {
overflow: hidden;
}
#content {
max-width: 400px;
margin: auto;
padding: 1em;
background: #ddd;
height: 300px;
}
#sidebar {
float: right;
width: 200px;
padding: 1em;
background: #aaa;
height: 300px;
}
<div id="container">
<div id="header">
PAGE HEADER
</div>
<div id="sidebar">
Sidebar
</div>
<div id="content-wrapper">
<div id="content">
Centered Content
</div>
</div>
</div>
This tested fine in IE7/8/9/10. On a side note, because a wrapper div was added, the padding: 1em; now has to be added to each element individually.
IE is notorious for not working without proper doctypes.
Try adding the HTML5 one
<!DOCTYPE html>
Floats are a tricky business. Strictly speaking, they're only supposed to affect the inline content that flows around them, so margins acts like the floats aren't even there.
Try this instead:
#container {text-align:center}
#content {display:inline-block;text-align:left}
This should make the content box act like an inline element, and therefore appear centered in the space.
As far as I remeber I've always problems with margin:0 auto because I didn't specify width property.
So everytime you want use margin:auto you propably should write this:
#content {
max-width: 400px;
margin: auto;
background: #ddd;
height: 300px;
overflow: hidden;
width:500px;
}
or in percentage:
#content {
max-width: 400px;
margin: auto;
background: #ddd;
height: 300px;
overflow: hidden;
width:30%;
}
EDIT
If you want to create flexible layout please take a look to bootstrap and fluid grids.
I can’t get padding-bottom to work when I use overflow-y: auto on a box. I use Firefox.
#container {
padding: 3em;
overflow-x: hidden;
overflow-y: auto;
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
background: red;
}
#some_info {
height: 900px;
background: #000;
}
<div id="container">
<div id="some_info"></div>
</div>
See the JSFiddle.
One more solution without extra DIVs.
#container:after {
content: "";
display: block;
height: 50px;
width: 100%;
}
Working in FF, Chrome, IE8-10.
I'm late to the party, but I thought it was worth adding a different solution that addresses some of the concerns raised above.
I came here because of exactly the kind of situation that #Philip raised in response to Alexandre Lavoie's solution: I have dynamically generated content inside the container, so I can't just apply styling to a specific div name like #some_info.
Happily, there's a simple solution for browsers that support CSS3: instead of applying bottom padding to the container, apply a bottom margin to the last child element inside the container.
#container > :last-child {
margin-bottom: 3em;
}
As long as the last child element in the container div is a block-level element, this should do the trick.
DEMO: http://jsfiddle.net/rwgZu/240/
P.S. If Firefox's failure to scroll to the bottom of the padding is indeed a bug (as suggested by #Kyle), it still hasn't been fixed as of Firefox 47.0. Frustrating! Internet Explorer 11.0.9600.17843 exhibits the same behavior. (Google Chrome, in contrast, shows the bottom padding as expected.)
The solutions above were not working for my needs, and I think I stumbled on a simple solution.
If your container and overflowing content share the same background color, you can add a top and bottom border with the color matching the background color. To create equal padding all around, set the border width equal to the left and right padding of the container.
Link to modified version of OP's fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/dennisoneil/rwgZu/508/
A simple example below.
Note: Stack Overflow puts the snippet results into an overflow scroll, which makes it a little harder to see what's going on. The fiddle may be your best preview option.
#container {
background: #ccc;
overflow-y: scroll;
height: 190px;
padding: 0 20px;
border-top: 20px solid #ccc;
border-bottom: 20px solid #ccc;
}
#overflowing {
background: #ccc;
}
<div id="container">
<div id="overflowing">
This is content<br/>
This is content<br/>
This is content<br/>
This is content<br/>
This is content<br/>
This is content<br/>
This is content<br/>
This is content<br/>
This is content<br/>
This is content<br/>
This is content<br/>
This is content<br/>
This is content<br/>
This is content<br/>
This is content<br/>
</div>
</div>
Here is a possible approach that is working perfectly :
#container {
overflow-x: hidden;
overflow-y: auto;
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
}
#some_info {
height: 900px;
background: #000;
border: 3em solid red;
}
Style the parent div normally and make the inner div do what you want it to do.
Remove overflow-x and overflow on #container, change height to 100% and add overflow-y:scroll; on #some_info
#container {
padding: 3em;
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
background: red;
}
#some_info {
height: 100%;
background: #000;
overflow-y:scroll;
width:100%;
}
Working Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/9yuohxuh/
For those who are looking for a simple solution and can change the DOM, put the overflow on the outer element and the padding on the inner element.
.scroll {
overflow-x: hidden;
overflow-y: auto;
}
.scroll__inner {
padding: 3em;
}
In the example from the original question, it would look like this:
#container {
overflow-x: hidden;
overflow-y: auto;
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
background: red;
}
#some_info {
height: 900px;
background: #000;
padding: 3em;
box-sizing: border-box; /* only needed if wanting padding to not be added to height */
}
Note the use of box-sizing: border-box here, which is only needed as the OP has a hardcoded height (generally bad practice but could be needed in edge cases), so adding this border-box enables the 3em padding to not increase the height, but pad inside the 900px.
A final note, I'd advise avoiding ID's for styling, mostly due to their extremely high specificity, see this post for more info on that.
Demo
Hi now used to this css
#container {
padding: 3em;
overflow-x: hidden;
overflow-y: auto;
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
background: red;
padding-bottom:0; // add this line in your css
}
#some_info {
height: 900px;
background: #000;
margin-bottom:3em; // add this line in your css
}
Demo
It's not only with bottom padding. Right padding/border/spacing is also ignored (you can't see it in your example because it has no content, and the width is not scrolling)
All the answers above fail in chrome 43, generating up to 3 scrollbars! or if the content overflows #some_info.
Example: http://jsfiddle.net/LwujL3ad/
If it worked for you, it's probably because the content was not as wide as the scrolling element, or fixed sized.
The right solution is:
Set #some info to display:table, and add padding or border to it, not to the scrolling container.
#container {
overflow: scroll;
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
background: red;
padding-bottom:0;
}
#some_info {
display:table;
border: solid 3em red;
height: 900px;
background: #000;
margin-bottom:3em;
color: white;
}
DEMO: http://jsfiddle.net/juh7802x/
The only element that doesn't fail, and respects ANY border and padding you add in there as separator is a TABLE.
I tried, and no matter if it's the next direct child or it's nested many items deep, any non-content styling will NOT expand to wrap the content, and will stay 100% width of the parent. Which is nonsense, because having content BIGGER than the parent is EXACTLY the scenario in which a scrolling div is required!
For a dynamic solution (both the container and the content) set the container of the elements inside the scrolling container to display:table.
Based on isHristov's answer:
#container {
padding: 3em 3em 0 3em; /* padding-bottom: 0 */
overflow-x: hidden;
overflow-y: auto;
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
background: red;
}
#container:after {
content: "";
display: block;
height: 0;
width: 100%;
margin-bottom: 3em; /* length you wanted on padding-bottom */
}
However, his solution adds extra space in browsers that handle this situation properly.
Dan Robinson's answer is great too unless you have multiple elements, in #container, that are dynamically shown/hidden. In that case :last-child might target a hidden element and have no effect.
You just need to add box-sizing: border-box to the same element where you applied the overflow rule.
I think #-moz-document url-prefix() is what you need.
#container {
padding: 3em;
overflow-x: hidden;
overflow-y: auto;
width: 300px;
height: 300px;
background: red;
}
#some_info {
height: 900px;
background: #000;
}
#-moz-document url-prefix() {
#container > :last-child {
margin-bottom: 3em;
}
}
<div id="container">
<div id="some_info"></div>
</div>
The top answers did not work in FireFox 89. The only sensible solution I could think of is to use a div containing only a non-breaking space and with a fixed height set.
HTML
<div className="spacer"> </div>
CSS
.spacer {
height: 30px;
}
This works as it does not utilize margin or padding.
I have just faced this issue, it persists even in Firefox 87, version being released in 2021.
But it is finally fixed very recently. After update to Firefox 93 bottom padding with scroll works normally.
I have a container div which has children anchored to the bottom. The problem is that when the div's overflow scrollbar appears, the bottom margin of the last child gets hidden.
Please see http://jsfiddle.net/TxEAP/3/. At first, there's a correct margin underneath the 1 div. Clicking "append one" so that the scrollbar eventually appears makes the last div not have a bottom margin anymore. Opening DevTools shows that the margin of that last child is there, but it is outside of the container's viewport, even when scrolling completely to the bottom.
How can this be solved? It would suffice to get this working in Google Chrome.
HTML:
<div class="main">
<div class="container">
<div class="item">1</div>
<!-- several of these .item divs -->
</div>
</div>
CSS:
.main {
height: 200px;
overflow-y: scroll;
position: relative;
border: 1px solid black;
}
.container {
width: 100%;
max-height: 100%;
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
}
.item {
padding: 20px;
margin: 15px;
border: 1px solid black;
}
Here's my final solution using flexbox. It's supported well enough on Chrome despite all -webkit- prefixes. Basically, the idea is to have a dummy element that, in case of no overflow, fills up the space of the container starting from the top (so that the real children are anchored to the bottom); in case of overflow, it is hidden automatically because of height: 0. It does not suffer from the margin issue, and it does not collapse margins.
http://jsfiddle.net/mCYLm/1/
HTML:
<div class="main">
<div class="gap-filler"></div>
<div class="item">foo</div>
<!-- more `div.item`s -->
</div>
CSS:
div.main {
display: -webkit-box;
-webkit-box-orient: vertical;
height: 200px;
overflow-y: scroll;
}
div.main div.gap-filler {
-webkit-box-flex: 1;
height: 0;
}
div.main div.item {
border: 1px solid black;
margin: 20px;
padding: 20px;
}
Edit: This was a solution without flexbox, but it had selection issues.
A solution that eventually worked was the following: http://jsfiddle.net/TxEAP/7/. This appends hidden "content" which makes Chrome not hide the margin of the last .item div.
.container:after {
content: "";
font-size: 0;
display: block;
height: 1px;
}
Edit: The following only works if display: inline-block is possible.
Finally I found a solution. If all .items have display: inline-block except the first one, then the margin does not get hidden.
http://jsfiddle.net/TxEAP/5/
.item:not(:first-child) {
display: inline-block;
/* attempt at getting `width: auto` like `display: block` has */
width: -webkit-calc(100% - 2 * 15px);
box-sizing: border-box;
}
If you just move the overflow-y: scroll; from .main. to .container class then the margin is preserved. The only drawback is for less than 3 items (for the given container height) you get a small scrollbar placeholder, instead of a full height one.
Removing max-height:100% on the container seems to fix it for my test in Chrome 21.
Moving the properties so that the overflow is on the container, preserves the margin/padding for an element added to the end that results in the scrollbar appearing.
.main {
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid black;
}
.container {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
overflow-y: scroll;
}
I have a page that has a header, content, and footer. The header and footer are of fixed height, and I'd like the content to adjust its height so that it fits dynamically between the header and footer. I am planning to put a background-image in my content, so it is critical that it actually fills the rest of the unoccupied vertical space.
I used the Sticky Footer approach to ensure that the footer remains on the bottom of the page. This however does not make the content span the entire height of the remaining space.
I have tried several solutions which involved me adding height:100%, height:auto; position:relative but it did not work.
html,
body {
height: 100%;
background-color: yellow;
}
header {
width: 100%;
height: 150px;
background-color: blue;
}
header nav ul li {
display: inline;
padding: 0 30px 0 0;
float: left;
}
#wrapper {
min-height: 100%;
height: auto !important;
height: 100%;
margin: 0 0 -30px 0;
/* the bottom margin is the negative value of the footer's height */
position: relative;
}
#wrapper #content {
background-color: pink;
width: 400px;
height: 100%;
margin: 0 0 -30px 100px;
padding: 25px 30px 25px 30px;
}
footer {
margin: -30px 0 0 0;
width: 100%;
height: 30px;
background-color: green;
}
<div id="wrapper">
<header>
<div id="logo"></div>
<nav>
<ul>
<li>About</li>
<li>Menu</li>
<li>Specials</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<div id="content">
content
<br>goes
<br>here
</div>
</div>
<footer>footer</footer>
The trick about height:100% is that it requires all of the parent containers to be have their heights set as well. Here's an html example
<html>
<body>
<div id="container">
</div>
</body>
</html>
in order for the container div with a height set to 100% to expand dynamically to the height of the window you need to make sure that the body and html elements have their heights set to 100% as well. so...
html
{
height: 100%;
}
body
{
height: 100%;
}
#container
{
height: 100%;
}
would give you a container that expands to fit your window. then if you need to have footer or header that floats above this window you can do so with z indexing. This is the only solution I've found that fills the vertical height dynamically.
I'm providing a slightly more general solution so it is more useful for others reading this answer and wondering how to apply it to their site.
Assuming you have three divs:
<div id='header'></div>
<div id='contents'></div>
<div id='footer'></div>
where #header is fixed and may have variable height, #contents should consume all remaining vertical space and #footer is fixed and may have variable height you can do:
/* Note you could add a container div instead of using the body */
body {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
#header {
flex: none;
}
#contents {
flex: 1;
height: 100%;
overflow-y: scroll;
}
#footer {
flex: none;
}
Note that this will allow the contents to scroll vertically to show it's whole contents.
You can read more about display:flex here.
Try changing your css to this:
html,
body {
height: 100%;
background-color: yellow;
}
header {
width: 100%;
height: 150px;
background-color: blue;
}
header nav ul li {
display: inline;
padding: 0 30px 0 0;
float: left;
}
#wrapper {
min-height: 100%;
height: auto !important;
height: 100%;
margin: 0 0 -30px 0;
/* the bottom margin is the negative value of the footer's height */
position: relative;
}
#content {
background-color: pink;
width: 400px;
padding: 25px 30px 25px 30px;
position: absolute;
bottom: 30px;
top: 150px;
margin-left: 100px;
}
footer {
margin: -30px 0 0 0;
width: 100%;
height: 30px;
background-color: green;
}
<div id="wrapper">
<header>
<div id="logo"></div>
<nav>
<ul>
<li>About</li>
<li>Menu</li>
<li>Specials</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<div id="content">
content
<br>goes
<br>here
</div>
</div>
<footer>footer</footer>
You probably don't want to be setting the width, padding, margins, ect. of the wrapper. Also, with absolute positioning you can pull the bottom and top of the content to where you want them.
Here's what you are after, I think.
I spend several hours trying to figure this out too and finally have a robust solution without hacks. However, it requires CSS3, which requires a modern browser to support it. So, if this constraint works for you, then I have a real solution for you that works.
http://jsfiddle.net/u9xh4z74/
Copy this code into your own file if you need proof, as the JSFiddle will not actually render the flexbox correctly as embedded code.
Basically, you need to
- set the target container to 100% height, which you seem to already know
- the parent container you set display: flex and flex-direction: vertical (you'll see in the JSFiddle I've also included the alternate styles that do the same thing but are needed for cross browser support)
- you can let the header and footer be their natural heights and dont need to specify anything in that regard
- in the container you want to fill up the remaining space, set flex: 1. You're set! You'll see it works exactly as you semantically have intended. Also in the JSFiddle, I included overflow: auto to demonstrate that if you have even more text than the screen can handle, scrolling works as you would want it to.
<div style="display:flex; flex-direction:vertical;">
...header(s)...
<div style="flex: 1; overflow: auto;">
As much content as you want.
</div>
...footer(s)...
</div>
As a side note, I pursued the option of trying to do this same thing using display: table. It works just fine as well, except that overflowed content does not work as you would expect, instead overflowed content simply expands the container to the size of the content, which I'm pretty sure is not what you want. Enjoy!
Use display:table and display:table-row
Set height:0 for normal divs and height:auto for div that should fill vertical space. Insert a div with {height:100%; overflow-y:auto} into the vertical filler to if the containers height shouldn't expand beyond its preset height.
Behold the power of display:table!
<div style="height:300px;">
<div style="display:table; height:100%; width:100%;border: 1px solid blue;">
<div style="display: table-row; height:0; padding:2px; background-color:yellow;">
Hello
</div>
<div style="display: table-row; height:auto; padding:2px; background-color:green;">
<div style="height:100%; overflow: auto;">
<div style="height: 500px"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="display: table-row; height:0; padding:2px; background-color:yellow;">
Gbai
</div>
</div>
</div>
There is no 100% height from 100% continer height exactly. You can't solve it this way. Likewise while using mix of height + margin + padding. This is way straight to hell. I suggest you to take a look for tutorials which are sloving this page layout.